【学历类职业资格】英语词汇学自考题模拟19及答案解析.doc

1、英语词汇学自考题模拟 19 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as _.（分数：1.00）A.inflectional affixesB.derivational affixesC.bound rootsD.free morphemes2.Ambiguity often arises due to homonymy and _.（分数：1.00）A.synonymyB.antonymyC.polysemyD.hyponymy3.Allite

2、ration and rhyme are two aspects of _, which in turn composes one aspect of rhetorical features.（分数：1.00）A.phonetic manipulationB.lexical manipulationC.figures of speechD.phrasal verbs4.“John ran the egg and spoon race.“ is ambiguous due to _.（分数：1.00）A.homonymyB.polysemyC.extra-linguistic contextD.

3、lexical context5.Modern English is an analytic language of which most endings are lost, leaving us a few _.（分数：1.00）A.rootsB.stemsC.inflectional affixesD.bound morphemes6.Idioms adjectival in nature can function as _.（分数：1.00）A.nounsB.attributesC.modifiersD.adjectives7.Words like “freak“, “nuts“, “k

4、nocked out“ can be categorized as _.（分数：1.00）A.terminologyB.jargonC.slangD.neologisms8.Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Old English was a highly inflected language.B.Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary.C.The word “cloak“ is

5、of French origin.D.Modern English is a synthetic language.9.The root of the word “internationalist“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.inter-B.nationalC.nationD.-ist10.Associative meaning of words comprises the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.connotative meaningB.lexical meaningC.affective meaningD.collocative meaning11

6、.The pronunciation has changed _ spelling over the years.（分数：1.00）A.more slowly thanB.as quickly asC.more rapidly thanD.not so quickly as12.Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.green revolutionB.ketchupC.moonwalkD.space shuttle13.Semantic

7、change comes about by means of change of _, whereas the form of a word remains the same.（分数：1.00）A.formB.meaningC.lookD.pronunciation14.The word “nationalist“ comprises _ morphemes.（分数：1.00）A.1B.2C.3D.415.“Boyfriend“ is a word formed by _.（分数：1.00）A.prefixationB.compoundingC.conversionD.blending16.“

8、AIDS“ is a(n) _.（分数：1.00）A.initialismB.acronymC.compoundD.derivative17.The prefix “dis-“ in the word “discover“ is a _ prefix.（分数：1.00）A.negativeB.reversativeC.pejorativeD.locative18.Which of the following is NOT one of the meanings of “word-meaning“?（分数：1.00）A.Sense.B.Concept.C.Reference.D.motivati

9、on.19.The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in the _ relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom as in “rain cats and dogs“.（分数：1.00）A.illogicalB.logicalC.mutualD.natural20.Both English and Danish belong to the Germanic branch of the _ family.（分数：1.00）A.Bal

10、to-SlavicB.Indo-EuropeanC.Armenian and AlbanianD.Indo-Iranian21.Which of the following are bound morphemes?（分数：1.00）A.Bound roots.B.Inflectional affixes.C.Derivational affixes.D.All the above.22.The following are user-friendly features of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）

11、A.extra columnB.clear grammar codesC.usage notesD.language notes23.Which of the following is an example of suffixation?（分数：1.00）A.Semi-god.B.Attempt.C.WAVES.D.Stupidity.24.The following are all examples of neologisms EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.chill outB.SARSC.futurologyD.screw-driver25.Associative meaning

12、 of words comprises _.（分数：1.00）A.lexical meaningB.grammatical meaningC.conceptual meaningD.collocative meaning26._ is a common feature which can be found in all natural languages.（分数：1.00）A.SuffixationB.PolysemyC.AllomorphD.Variation27._ is what is needed to understand the very sense of a word a per

13、son is uttering.（分数：1.00）A.ContextB.GrammarC.Structural stabilityD.Stylistic feature28.The rhetorical features of idioms include _. (1) phonetic manipulation (2) lexical manipulation (3) literary expressions (4) elimination of ambiguity（分数：1.00）A.(1),(2)and(4)B.(1),(3)and(4)C.(3)and(4)D.(1),(2)and(3

14、)29.There are _ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（分数：1.00）A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four30.The word “flush“ is created by _.（分数：1.00）A.compoundB.clippingC.blendingD.suffixation31.Context can help eliminate ambiguity, provide clues for inferring word-meaning and give 1 of re

15、ferents. （分数：1.50）32.Words can be classified into 1 words and functional words by notion. （分数：1.50）33.In the word “preschool“, “ pre-“ is a prefix of 1. （分数：1.50）34.Functional words have little 1 meaning but strong grammatical meaning. （分数：1.50）35. 1, also called near-synonyms, are similar or nearly

16、 the same in denotation, but have different degrees of a given quality. （分数：1.50）36.Instead of changing the 1 of the stem as a general rule, the main function of the prefixes is to change its meaning. （分数：1.50）37.“Fall“ in American English and “autumn“ in British English have the same 1. （分数：1.50）38

17、.The three groups of antonyms are: contradictory terms, 1 and relative terms. （分数：1.50）39.It can be said that 1 are free roots. （分数：1.50）40. 1 are words identical both in sound and spelling, but different in meaning. （分数：1.50）41.perfect homonyms （分数：3.00）_42.homophones （分数：3.00）_plete synonyms （分数：3

18、.00）_44.non-linguistic context （分数：3.00）_45.replacement of idioms （分数：3.00）_46.Decide whether the following statement is tree or false, based on your understanding of the stylistic features of idioms. As far as stylistic values are concerned, most idioms are formal. （分数：5.00）_47.What is the remarkab

19、le feature of Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English ? （分数：5.00）_48.What is compounding and what are the relative criteria of compounds? （分数：5.00）_49.What is affective meaning? What are words with positive or negative emotive values used to denote? （分数：5.00）_50.Some people hold that Shakespeare is

20、more difficult to read than contemporary writings. Do you agree or disagree to this comment? State your reason(s) with at least three examples. （分数：10.00）_51.Analyze the components of the following words: revive, minicar, automobiles, exit, porter. （分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题模拟 19 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)

21、1.Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as _.（分数：1.00）A.inflectional affixesB.derivational affixes C.bound rootsD.free morphemes解析：解析 派生词缀是添加到其他词素上以构成新词的词缀，它又分为前缀和后缀。屈折词缀则是添加到词尾，用以指示语法关系的词缀。2.Ambiguity often arises due to homonymy and _.（分数：1.00）A.synonymyB.antonymyC.poly

22、semy D.hyponymy解析：解析 英语中多义词(polysemants)非常丰富，因而在没有充分的语境的情况下多义词会导致歧义的产生，在这一点上它和同形同音异义词相同。3.Alliteration and rhyme are two aspects of _, which in turn composes one aspect of rhetorical features.（分数：1.00）A.phonetic manipulation B.lexical manipulationC.figures of speechD.phrasal verbs解析：4.“John ran the

23、egg and spoon race.“ is ambiguous due to _.（分数：1.00）A.homonymyB.polysemy C.extra-linguistic contextD.lexical context解析：解析 动词“ran”是“run”的过去式，它是个多义词，在题目中的句子中可以理解为“参加”或者“组织”。由于没有充分的语境，所以这个句子有歧义。因此 B 项符合要求5.Modern English is an analytic language of which most endings are lost, leaving us a few _.（分数：1.0

24、0）A.rootsB.stemsC.inflectional affixes D.bound morphemes解析：解析 英语从古英语演变到现代英语经历了从屈折型到分析型的转变，这个转变过程所带来的结果是，只有一小部分屈折词缀保留了下来。6.Idioms adjectival in nature can function as _.（分数：1.00）A.nounsB.attributesC.modifiersD.adjectives 解析：7.Words like “freak“, “nuts“, “knocked out“ can be categorized as _.（分数：1.00）

25、A.terminologyB.jargonC.slang D.neologisms解析：8.Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Old English was a highly inflected language.B.Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary.C.The word “cloak“ is of French origin.D.Modern English is a sy

26、nthetic language. 解析：9.The root of the word “internationalist“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.inter-B.nationalC.nation D.-ist解析：解析 解答本题的关键是把握词根和词干的区别，词根是可以接其他词缀构成新词且不能再进行细分的语法单位，而词干则还可以再进行细分。A、D 两项是词缀，而 B 项是词干。10.Associative meaning of words comprises the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.connotative meaningB.lexical

27、meaning C.affective meaningD.collocative meaning解析：解析 关联意义有四种：内涵意义(connotative meaning)、语体意义(stylistic meaning)、情感意义(affective meaning)和搭配意义(collocative meaning)。11.The pronunciation has changed _ spelling over the years.（分数：1.00）A.more slowly thanB.as quickly asC.more rapidly than D.not so quickly

28、as解析：12.Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.green revolutionB.ketchup C.moonwalkD.space shuttle解析：解析 科技发展变化影响下产生的新词包括“green revolution”，“moonwalk”，“space shuttle”等词。题目中 ketchup 意思是“番茄酱”，它不是科技方面的词，同时也不是新词，而是源于中国的一个外来语词。13.Semantic change c

29、omes about by means of change of _, whereas the form of a word remains the same.（分数：1.00）A.formB.meaning C.lookD.pronunciation解析：解析 语义变化指的是词的意思方面的诸多变化，而不涉及词的形态变化。14.The word “nationalist“ comprises _ morphemes.（分数：1.00）A.1B.2C.3 D.4解析：15.“Boyfriend“ is a word formed by _.（分数：1.00）A.prefixationB.comp

30、ounding C.conversionD.blending解析：解析 通过复合法形成的复合词包含不止一个词干，而且构成该复合词的词干各自拥有独立的语法和语义特征。因此，只有 B 项符合题意。16.“AIDS“ is a(n) _.（分数：1.00）A.initialismB.acronym C.compoundD.derivative解析：17.The prefix “dis-“ in the word “discover“ is a _ prefix.（分数：1.00）A.negativeB.reversative C.pejorativeD.locative解析：解析 题目中“disco

31、ver”一词中的词缀“(dis-”是个逆反前缀(reversative prefix)，而不是否定前缀(negative prefix)，同时该词缀也没有感情色彩和指示方位方面的含义。18.Which of the following is NOT one of the meanings of “word-meaning“?（分数：1.00）A.Sense.B.Concept.C.Reference.D.motivation. 解析：解析 词的意义包括三方面的内容：所指(reference、概念(concept)和语义(sense)。所指表示的是语言和客观世界的关系；概念则超越了语言本身，是人

32、类认知的结果，是客观世界在人脑中的反映；语义反映的是语言内部的关系。19.The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in the _ relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom as in “rain cats and dogs“.（分数：1.00）A.illogical B.logicalC.mutualD.natural解析：解析 习语的整体性主要反映在：构成习语的每一个词之间是没有明确的逻辑关系可言的，例如在习语“rain c

33、ats and dogs”中，“rain”与“cats”和“dogs”之间的逻辑关系是不成立的。20.Both English and Danish belong to the Germanic branch of the _ family.（分数：1.00）A.Balto-SlavicB.Indo-European C.Armenian and AlbanianD.Indo-Iranian解析：21.Which of the following are bound morphemes?（分数：1.00）A.Bound roots.B.Inflectional affixes.C.Deriva

34、tional affixes.D.All the above. 解析：解析 粘附词素有两种：粘附词根(bound roots)和词缀。词缀又可以分为屈折词缀和派生词缀。因此 D 项为正确答案。22.The following are user-friendly features of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.extra column B.clear grammar codesC.usage notesD.language notes解析：解析 专栏是 CCELD 这部词典所具有 的特色功能。2

35、3.Which of the following is an example of suffixation?（分数：1.00）A.Semi-god.B.Attempt.C.WAVES.D.Stupidity. 解析：解析 本题的四个选项中，A 项是通过前缀法构成的；B 项是个自由词(free word)；C 项是个首字母拼音词；D 项是通过给词干添加后缀“-ity”构成的，因此 D 项为正确答案。24.The following are all examples of neologisms EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.chill outB.SARSC.futurologyD.scr

36、ew-driver 解析：解析 D 项“screw-driver”的意思是“螺丝刀”，不属于新词的范畴，而其余三项则都是新词。25.Associative meaning of words comprises _.（分数：1.00）A.lexical meaningB.grammatical meaningC.conceptual meaningD.collocative meaning 解析：26._ is a common feature which can be found in all natural languages.（分数：1.00）A.SuffixationB.Polysemy

37、 C.AllomorphD.Variation解析：解析 一词多义是世界上所有语言中都存在的现象，而题目中其余三项所列的特点则不是所有语言的共性。27._ is what is needed to understand the very sense of a word a person is uttering.（分数：1.00）A.Context B.GrammarC.Structural stabilityD.Stylistic feature解析：28.The rhetorical features of idioms include _. (1) phonetic manipulatio

38、n (2) lexical manipulation (3) literary expressions (4) elimination of ambiguity（分数：1.00）A.(1),(2)and(4)B.(1),(3)and(4)C.(3)and(4)D.(1),(2)and(3) 解析：29.There are _ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（分数：1.00）A.oneB.twoC.three D.four解析：解析 彼此之间相互独立的词素叫自由词素。这些词素本身具有完整的意义，

39、在句子中可以用作自由语法单位。bird，man red 都是自由词素单词。collection 由两个词素构成(collection)。30.The word “flush“ is created by _.（分数：1.00）A.compoundB.clippingC.blending D.suffixation解析：31.Context can help eliminate ambiguity, provide clues for inferring word-meaning and give 1 of referents. （分数：1.50）解析：indication32.Words ca

40、n be classified into 1 words and functional words by notion. （分数：1.50）解析：content33.In the word “preschool“, “ pre-“ is a prefix of 1. （分数：1.50）解析：time34.Functional words have little 1 meaning but strong grammatical meaning. （分数：1.50）解析：lexical35. 1, also called near-synonyms, are similar or nearly t

41、he same in denotation, but have different degrees of a given quality. （分数：1.50）解析：Relative synonyms36.Instead of changing the 1 of the stem as a general rule, the main function of the prefixes is to change its meaning. （分数：1.50）解析：word class37.“Fall“ in American English and “autumn“ in British Engli

42、sh have the same 1. （分数：1.50）解析：sense38.The three groups of antonyms are: contradictory terms, 1 and relative terms. （分数：1.50）解析：contrary terms39.It can be said that 1 are free roots. （分数：1.50）解析：free morphemes40. 1 are words identical both in sound and spelling, but different in meaning. （分数：1.50）解

43、析：Perfect homonyms41.perfect homonyms （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：Perfect homonyms are words identical in both sound and spelling, but different in meaning.42.homophones （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：Homophones are words identical only in sound but different in spelling and plete synonyms （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：Complete

44、 synonyms, also known as absolute synonyms, are words identical in meaning in all its aspects.44.non-linguistic context （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：Non-linguistic context, also called extra-linguistic context, refers to those situations and features which are not directly a part of the language in use but which either contribute in conveying a message or have an influence on language use.45.replacement of idioms （分数