【考研类试卷】2006年华东师范大学博士生英语试卷及答案解析.doc

1、2006 年华东师范大学博士生英语试卷及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、Paper One(总题数：1，分数：0.00)二、Part I Vocabulary an(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded or lights _. （分数：1.00）A.came outB.came onC.came toD.came down2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual hi

2、gh speed _ for police cars in his mirror from time to time to make sure he was safe. （分数：1.00）A.pulling outB.running throughC.going aheadD.watching out3.Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friends who were becoming increasingly _ of her success. （分数：1.00）A.d

3、elightfulB.gracefulC.resentfulD.respectful4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being _ by the market. （分数：1.00）A.replacedB.overlookedC.saturatedD.penalized5.Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always

4、had the magic power of taking her away from the grim realities of daily life and _ her to fairyland of her own once she started to play.（分数：1.00）A.transformingB.transportingC.transplantingD.transcending6.It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to _ what is likely to happen and ac

5、t accordingly. （分数：1.00）A.look outB.figure outC.turn outD.point out7.At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches where they were forced to worship in _ sections. （分数：1.00）A.segregatedB.sustainedC.connectedD.engaged8.San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hil

6、ls, which provides _ views of the wide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge. （分数：1.00）A.flashyB.transientC.breathtakingD.ambiguous9.Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the _ of the American Negroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively. （分数：1.00

7、）A.conspiracyB.pledgeC.plightD.compulsion10.Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be _, the tobacco company still insists that its products are harmless. （分数：1.00）A.solubleB.deficientC.addictiveD.skeptical11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only th

8、en did he realize that he came _ early. （分数：1.00）A.too muchB.so muchC.much tooD.much so12. I wanted to be sure _ a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice. （分数：1.00）A.on account ofB.in case ofC.at the risk ofD.in spite of13._ in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese

9、who found it in Africa. （分数：1.00）A.Originally cultivatedB.Having originally cultivatedC.Originally being cultivatedD.Although it originally cultivated14.It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciated _ time to relax. （分数：1.00）A.to haveB.havingC.to have hadD.of havi

10、ng15.Weve just installed central heating, _ should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter. （分数：1.00）A.whatB.thatC.itD.which16.So fast _ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. （分数：1.00）A.has light traveledB.light travelsC.does light travelD.travels light17._ she was living i

11、n Paris that she met her husband Terry. （分数：1.00）A.Just whenB.It was whileC.Soon afterD.During the time when18.While crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest they _ by the local bandits. （分数：1.00）A.be attackedB.must be attackedC.were attackedD.would be attacked19.The pol

12、ice chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired _. （分数：1.00）A.aboutB.ofC.intoD.after20.They were more than glad to leave their cars parked and walked _ a change. （分数：1.00）A.asB.forC.toD.by三、Part II Reading Comp(总题数：4，分数：40.00)(1) When the brash British raider Sir James

13、Goldsmith calculated that U. S. timberland was a tempting prize, he launched a $500-million bid to take over San Franciscos Crown Zellerbach paper company in order to grab the corporations vast forests. As a result, Goldsmith owns 1.9 million acres of forests in Washington State, Oregon, Mississippi

14、 and Louisiana. The United States seems to have become a country for sale. Foreign ownership in the United States, including everything from real estate to securities, rose to a remarkable $ 1.33 trillion last year, up 25.5 percent from the previous year. Foreign investors now own 46 percent of the

15、commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles, 39 percent in downtown Houston, 32 percent in downtown Minneapolis and 21 percent in downtown Manhattan. Esteemed U. S. corporate nameplates have been changing citizenship at a rapid clip. Smith in practice, they must conform to a global economic model

16、 or risk being _ by the market. （分数：1.00）A.replacedB.overlookedC.saturatedD.penalized 解析：5.Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her away from the grim realities of daily life and _ her to fairyland of her own once she started to play.（分数：1.00）A.transformingB.trans

17、porting C.transplantingD.transcending解析：6.It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to _ what is likely to happen and act accordingly. （分数：1.00）A.look outB.figure out C.turn outD.point out解析：7.At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches where the

18、y were forced to worship in _ sections. （分数：1.00）A.segregated B.sustainedC.connectedD.engaged解析：8.San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides _ views of the wide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge. （分数：1.00）A.flashyB.transientC.breathtaking D.ambiguous解析：9.Martin Luther King, Jr.

19、persuaded his followers to bring the _ of the American Negroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively. （分数：1.00）A.conspiracyB.pledgeC.plight D.compulsion解析：10.Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be _, the tobacco company still insists that it

20、s products are harmless. （分数：1.00）A.solubleB.deficientC.addictive D.skeptical解析：11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realize that he came _ early. （分数：1.00）A.too muchB.so muchC.much too D.much so解析：12. I wanted to be sure _ a sudden emergency that w

21、e gave the right advice. （分数：1.00）A.on account ofB.in case of C.at the risk ofD.in spite of解析：13._ in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa. （分数：1.00）A.Originally cultivated B.Having originally cultivatedC.Originally being cultivatedD.Although it orig

22、inally cultivated解析：14.It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciated _ time to relax. （分数：1.00）A.to haveB.having C.to have hadD.of having解析：15.Weve just installed central heating, _ should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter. （分数：1.00）A.whatB.tha

23、tC.itD.which 解析：16.So fast _ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. （分数：1.00）A.has light traveledB.light travelsC.does light travel D.travels light解析：17._ she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry. （分数：1.00）A.Just whenB.It was while C.Soon afterD.During the time when解析：18.Whi

24、le crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest they _ by the local bandits. （分数：1.00）A.be attacked B.must be attackedC.were attackedD.would be attacked解析：19.The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired _. （分数：1.00）A.aboutB.ofC.into D.

25、after解析：20.They were more than glad to leave their cars parked and walked _ a change. （分数：1.00）A.asB.for C.toD.by解析：三、Part II Reading Comp(总题数：4，分数：40.00)(1) When the brash British raider Sir James Goldsmith calculated that U. S. timberland was a tempting prize, he launched a $500-million bid to tak

26、e over San Franciscos Crown Zellerbach paper company in order to grab the corporations vast forests. As a result, Goldsmith owns 1.9 million acres of forests in Washington State, Oregon, Mississippi and Louisiana. The United States seems to have become a country for sale. Foreign ownership in the Un

27、ited States, including everything from real estate to securities, rose to a remarkable $ 1.33 trillion last year, up 25.5 percent from the previous year. Foreign investors now own 46 percent of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles, 39 percent in downtown Houston, 32 percent in downtown

28、 Minneapolis and 21 percent in downtown Manhattan. Esteemed U. S. corporate nameplates have been changing citizenship at a rapid clip. Smith & Wesson handguns have gone to the British. General Electric television sets have been bought by the French, Carnation foods by the Swiss, General Tire by the

29、West Germans. In fact, the question of what is truly America has become befuddling. The British, who burned Washington in 1814, have built or bought an estimated $773 million in District of Columbia property, including ownership of the famed Watergate complex. And what about breakfast (or a diamond

30、ring) at Tiffany, or drinks in the cultured atmosphere of Manhattans Algonquin Hotel? Those vintage landmark buildings are now Japanese possessions. The reasons for the rush to buy are abundantly clear. The U. S. dollar has plunged more than 50 percent in value during the past three years against su

31、ch major foreign currencies as the Japanese yen, the West German mark and the British pound. The result is that everything with a dollar-denominated price tag has looked like a tremendous steal to holders of stronger currencies. Japanese bargain shoppers increasingly cover neglected American gamblin

32、g casinos. In April last year, Ginji Yasuda, a Korean-born Japanese, bought the 1100-room Aladdin Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas for $ 54 million and reopened it after spending another $30 million to restore its glitzy dcor. Says Yasuda: “You have a lot of dreams still available in this country that yo

33、u dont have in Japan.” He plans to shuttle customers from Japan in a posh jet equipped with sleeping cabins. Wile the Japanese have largely shied away from takeovers of major U. S. industrial corporations, at least partly in fear of a public relations backlash, the least inhibited bidders have been

34、the British. They committed more than $27 billions last year to U. S. takeovers. （分数：10.00）(1).Sir James Goldsmith owns vast forests in the United States because _. （分数：2.00）A.he is a relentless raiderB.he has been awarded a grand prizeC.he has taken over a U. S. paper company D.he has a number of c

35、orporations in Washington State解析：(2).Foreign ownership of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles was 14 percent more than it was_. （分数：2.00）A.in downtown San FranciscoB.in downtown HoustonC.in downtown ManhattanD.in downtown Minneapolis 解析：(3).In the United States, the British have alre

36、ady come into possession of_. （分数：2.00）A.the Watergate complex and General TireB.General Electric and General TireC.Manhattans Algonquin Hotel and the Watergate complexD.Smith & Wesson and the Watergate complex 解析：(4).Judging from the context the phrase “a tremendous steal” in Paragraph 5 means_. （分

37、数：2.00）A.something extremely cheap B.something too expensiveC.something worth buyingD.something dangerous but profitable解析：(5).According to the passage, the Japanese investors _. （分数：2.00）A.have been slow in making large investments in land in the United StatesB.have showed more interest in US major

38、 industrial corporations than in gambling housesC.are not so bold as the British in taking over major US industrial corporations D.have proved themselves the least inhibited bidders in the United States解析：(2) Ever since the Industrial Revolution brought workers from small shops into factories, super

39、vision have been required. Only during the last hundred years, however, has industrial management grown into a highly organized set of modern methods for achieving efficiency. Thus, management is a new human history, and it has already become vitally important for the success of all kinds of busines

40、ses and of national economies. Efficiency means getting results with the least possible waste of time, effort, and money. Therefore, efficiency is the aim of all management, both puplic and private. In private business, efficiency can be measured by profit, the surplus of income over expenditures. T

41、he managers a job, then, is to get people to do things efficiently. The top manager manages other managers, chooses and trains them, plans their operations, and checks the results. All managers have practical complex problems, but they utilize methods based on a growing body of knowledge. Shop manag

42、ers carry out time and motion studies to improve workers efficiency, and foremen give on-the-job training to workers. Industrial managers employ specialists to keep machines working properly and to ensure the supply of spare parts. The flow of work is supervised to avoid any unplanned idleness of wo

43、rkers of equipment. Each step in manufacturing is planned in detail, and the cost of each step is carefully calculated. Supervisors consult experts regularly in order to master new techniques. Personnel managers have learned to obtain greater efficiency from workers by providing rest periods and by

44、improving morale through better heating, lighting, safety devices, cafeterias, and recreation facilities even when these have not been demanded by labor unions. The use of modern electronic devices had led to increasing automation, in which many automatic machines function without any need for human

45、 labor. Scientific management methods have spread to all branches of industry not only manufacturing, but also accounting, finance, marketing, and other office work. There are planning systems, organization systems and control systems. Within these there are other systems for delegation of authority

46、, budgeting, information feedback for control, and so on. The essence of all the functions of management is coordination, the harmonious combination of all individual efforts for the achievement of the objectives of the enterprise. （分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we know that _. （分数：2.00）A.i

47、ndustrial management depends on the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economiesB.industrial management is indispensable to the successes of all kinds of businesses and of national economies C.the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies has nothing to do with ind

48、ustrial managementD.industrial management did not develop until the last fifty years解析：(2). The top manager_. （分数：2.00）A.is responsible for selecting other managers and help them do things efficiently B.gets other managers to choose and train themselvesC.manages other managers operationsD.learns new techniques from other managers解析：(3).All managers employ _. （分数：2.00）A.various methods to solve their practical and complex problems B.specialists to keep machines working properlyC.workers who give on-the-job trainingD.advisers to handle pra