【考研类试卷】2009年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析.doc

1、2009年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：126.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre_the curtain went up.（分数：2.00）A.thenB.whenC.thanD.before2.Maria hasnt begun working on her Ph.D. _working on her masters.（分数：2.00）A.still because she is yet

2、B.yet as a result she is stillC.yet because she is stillD.still while she is already3.The tall fellow over there is_the great mathematician, Bill Williams, himself.（分数：2.00）A.no other butB.no one thanC.no other thanD.none other than4.Some historians believe that John Jay could have played_in America

3、s history as James Madison.（分数：2.00）A.as an important roleB.as important a roleC.an important role asD.a role as important5.He is_a basketball player.（分数：2.00）A.as good as if no better than his brother asB.as good as, not better than his brother likeC.as good as if not better than his brother as for

4、D.as good as if not better than his brother as6._, the white mountain goat is an extremely sure-footed animal that escapes from its predators by living in the most rugged, rocky landscapes.（分数：2.00）A.Having been rarely seenB.Rarely to be seenC.Rarely seenD.Being rarely seen7._drinking and singing al

5、l night kept the neighbors from going to sleep.（分数：2.00）A.Bill and his friendsB.Bill and his friendsC.Bill and his friendsD.Bills and his friends8.He has just finished fixing the door, and it looks as though_a very hard job（分数：2.00）A.it must have beenB.it wasC.to beD.it must be9.I would have come to

6、 see you_, but I was so busy then.（分数：2.00）A.had it been possibleB.were it possibleC.if it were to be possibleD.if it should have been possible10.He put all the reference books in the cupboard_he borrowed from the library.（分数：2.00）A.whereB.in thatC.whichD.in which11.There is no point in setting obje

7、ctives if you dont_them to your staff.（分数：2.00）A.passB.performC.communicateD.allocate12.Advantages that come with a job, apart from wages or salary, are called_.（分数：2.00）A.profitsB.supplementsC.earningsD.benefits or perks13.A_is one stock in a large company or corporation that is considered to be a

8、secure investment.（分数：2.00）A.growth stockB.blue chipC.defensive stockD.mutual fund14.A good reputation is a(n)_asset for a company.（分数：2.00）A.tangibleB.intangibleC.visibleD.invisible15.An expansionary and comprehensive policy package is needed to enable the U.S. economy to escape from its present_tr

9、ap.（分数：2.00）A.inflationaryB.briskC.deflationaryD.stagflationary16.The economic_that hit Southeast Asia in 1997 was blamed by some on the quick retreat of Western investors.（分数：2.00）A.boomB.slumpC.situationD.cycle17.A rational consumer tends to_his or her total utility.（分数：2.00）A.enlargeB.controlC.ma

10、ximizeD.accumulate18.We agreed to pay for the car in five_.（分数：2.00）A.installmentsB.down-paymentsC.paymentsD.times19.The_market is a little depressed now.（分数：2.00）A.consumingB.consumptionC.consumptiveD.consumer20.A premier brand means a(n)_brand.（分数：2.00）A.qualityB.poorC.unknownD.new二、选词填空(总题数：1，分数：

11、12.00)Choose the correct headings(15 points).The following passage has six paragraphs ivi. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings in the box. Write the correct number a-f in the underlined blanks below. （分数：12.00）(1).Paragraph i 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph ii 1（分数

12、：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph iii 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph iv 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph v 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Paragraph vi 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：30.00)By far the most important challenge to a humanist philosophy, however, is that coming from the field of ethics. For the belief in

13、 an afterlife, in which a persons moral performance in this life is infallibly judged and brought to justice, provides impressive supernatural backing for a societys conventional morality. The decline of this belief exposes the merely conventional character of such a morality. Its various restrictio

14、ns are then no longer accepted as inescapable and the question why they shouldnt be evaded when this is advantageous begins to loom large. And since it seems impossible to distinguish the eliminable flaws of a given conventional morality from the essential flaws of any morality whatever, it is diffi

15、cult to resist the conclusion that now the devil is dead, we can do what we like. In the absence of adequate reasons for accepting such a conventional morality, and of an indubitable method for arriving at moral precepts which everyone can see to be compelling, the natural response is skepticism, cy

16、nicism, hypocrisy, and the unbridled pursuit of what makes a life worth living. If humanism is to meet this challenge, it must show whether and why moralities are necessary, what benefits they confer on us and what harm they prevent, how their content must be determined, and why a person should be m

17、oral even when that runs counter to his best interest. Our first problem is this. If, in the absence of supernatural beliefs, the voices of conscience, of the moral sense, and of intuition are only the impressively dressed-up demands of our society, then these voices cannot tell us what is right and

18、 what is wrong in a sense which provides an adequate reason for doing what is right and refraining from doing what is wrong. How then can we find out what is really right and what is merely supposed so by our society? The only alternative to theories based on intuition, it seems, are theories which

19、base our knowledge of right and wrong on some form of calculation. The two most popular candidates are egoism and utilitarianism. The former maintains that each individual can tell what it would be right for him to do by calculating what would be in his best interest. This is, at first sight, an att

20、ractive view. It is internally consistent, rational, and brutally honest. It does not enmesh us in the problems of why a person should be moral when being so is contrary to his best interest.Questions 1-5:Read Passage 1 and fill in the five blanks according to the word limit given if there is any.（分

21、数：10.00）(1).A societys conventional morality is supported by_.（分数：2.00）_(2).When a different supernatural moral supervisor disappears, then it is tempting for people to evade the different_.(2 words)（分数：2.00）_(3).A host of evils will arise if one cannot find convincing_.(2 words)（分数：2.00）_(4).The au

22、thor of this passage seems to doubt the sufficiency of the_for guiding us in the task of distinguishing between_.(3 words)（分数：2.00）_(5)._examines moral options by considering their relevance to ones_.（分数：2.00）_For decades, people had continued to pay down mortgages until their last cent was spent. N

23、ow, increasing numbers were giving up their homes even as they continued to service other debts. Faced with a plunge in house prices across the USsomething that has not happened since the Great Depression of the 1930sthe mortgage industry is already dealing with a surge in the numbers of people defa

24、ulting on their payments. The concern is that the losses on risky subprime mortgages could soon swell further as people with good credit histories decide it is not Worth continuing to make payments on houses now worth less than the loan. House prices in the US are already 20 percent from the 2006 hi

25、ghs and are forecast to keep falling. For many, especially those who have put little of their own money into a house, sending back the keys could be perfectly rational. The practice has been given a name in the industry“jingle mail“and there are even companies specializing in helping people with the

26、 decision. Y, one such service, almost makes it sound an alluring prospect: “What if you could live payment-free for up to eight months or more and walk away without owing a periny?“ the website asks. Larry Rosenberger, arguably one of the most experienced crunchers of consumer debt statistics aroun

27、d, was meeting the consortium of mortgage lenders to talk about analyzing their data for clues about which peoples negative equity could be expected to keep paying down their mortgages. “They said: Were getting killed with losses, can we figure out more accurately who will do what, so we can be more

28、 accommodating with some borrowers but not with others,“ Mr. Rosenberger says. The accuracy of the models used by the likes of Mr. Rosenberger to flag good and bad customers could make a huge difference to the losses that lenders eventually have to absorblosses that will, in turn, determine the avai

29、lability of fresh funds for new loans. His approach was to seek clues to peoples future actions in their past behavior. For example, people with children at local schools may be less likely to walk away than people without school-age children. People with mortgages on second homes may be more likely

30、 to give up the investment.Questions 6-10:Read Passage 2 and choose the correct answers.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 1?（分数：2.00）A.The pattern that people pay down mortgages has changed recently.B.The last time that house prices dropped so rapidly was the Gr

31、eat Depression.C.People stop paying mortgages for not only houses but also everything else.D.The mortgage industry is facing a big challenge because people can no longer pay their debts.(2).People stop paying house mortgages because_.（分数：2.00）A.they find that their houses are worth less than the loa

32、nB.their credit cards are closed and they have gone bankruptcyC.they do not have a good credit history and fail to get the loanD.they can live in the house without paying anything(3).The worrying situation m mortgage industry_.（分数：2.00）A.is accompanied by a new mailing service called “jingle mail“B.

33、is worsened by the new business such as YC.is caused by those people who have invested little in housingD.can be changed if people become more rational and law-abiding(4).What do you think Larry Rosenberger does?（分数：2.00）A.He crunches consumers so that they will pay their debts.B.He provides borrowe

34、rs financial information to mortgage lenders.C.He analyses the lenders data to predict what customers will do.D.He uses his experience to help the lenders avoid risks.(5).What does the underlined word “flag“ mean in Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.A symbolB.A signalC.To identifyD.To attractWriting as a Nativ

35、e American My writing in my late teens and early adulthood was fashioned after the U.S. short stories and poetry taught in the high schools of the 1940s and 1950s, but by the 1960s, after I had gone to college and dropped out and served in the military, I began to develop topics and themes from my N

36、ative American background. The experience in my village of Deetziyarnah and Acoma Pueblo was readily accessible. I had grown up within the oral tradition of speech, social and religious ritual, elders counsel and advice, countless and endless stories, everyday events, and the visual art that was sym

37、bolically representative of life all around. My mother was a potter of the well-known Acoma clayware, a traditional art form that had been passed to her from her mother and the generations of mothers before. My father carved figures from wood and did beadwork. This was not unusual, as Native America

38、n people know; there was always some kind of artistic endeavor that people set themselves to, although they did not necessarily articulate it as “Art“ in the sense of Western civilization. One lived and expressed an artful life, whether it was in ceremonial singing and dancing, architecture, paintin

39、g, speaking, or in the way ones social-cultural life was structured. When I turned my attention to my own heritage, I did so because this was my identity, the substance of who I was, and I wanted to write about what that meant. My desire was to write about the integrity and dignity of a Native Ameri

40、can identity, and at the same time I wanted to look at what this was within the context of an America that had too often denied its Native American heritage. To a great extent my writing has a natural political-cultural bent simply because I was nurtured intellectually and emotionally within an atmo

41、sphere of Native American resistance. The Acoma Pueblo, despite losing much of their land and surrounded by a foreign civilization, have not lost sight of their native heritage. This is the factual case with most other Native American peoples, and the clear explanation for this has been the fight-ba

42、ck we have found it necessary to wage. At times, in the past, it was outright armed struggle; currently, it is often in the legal arena, and it is in the field of literature: In 1981, when I was invited to the White House for an event celebrating American poets and poetry, I did not immediately acce

43、pt the invitation. I questioned myself about the possibility that 1 was merely being exploited as an Indian, and I hedged against accepting. But then I recalled the elders going among our people in the poor days of the 1950s, asking for donationsa dollar here and there, a sheep, perhaps a piece of p

44、otteryin order to finance a trip to the nations capital. They were to make another countless appeal on behalf of our people, to demand justice, to reclaim lost land even though there was only spare hope they would be successful. I went to the White House realizing that I was to do no less than they

45、and those who had fought in the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, and I read my poems and sang songs that were later described as “guttural“ by a Washington D.C. newspaper. I suppose it is more or less understandable why such a view of Native American literature is held by many, and it is also clear why there

46、should be a political stand taken in my writing and those of my sister and brother Native American writers. The 1960s and afterward have been an invigorating and liberating period for Native American people. It has been only a little more than twenty years since Native American writers began to writ

47、e and publish extensively, but we are writing and publishing more and more; we can only go forward. We come from an ageless, continuing oral tradition that informs us of our values, concepts, and notions as native people, and it is amazing how much of this tradition is ingrained so deeply in our contemporary writing, considering the brutal efforts of cultural repression that was not long ago outright US policy. We were not to speak our languages