【考研类试卷】2012年大连外国语大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷及答案解析.doc

1、2012年大连外国语大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：154.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、判断题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Language is a means of verbal communication which can only take place effectively if all the users share a broad understanding of human interaction including such associated factors as nonverbal cues, motivation, and socio-c

2、ultural roles.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False2.Different words are used to describe the concept in different languages. This reflects the design feature of displacement concerning human languages.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False3.Adults enjoy reading poems for its sheer beauty and children take delight in repetitive r

3、hythms. This reflects the informative function of language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False4.Journalists keep writing about and reporting on important events. This better reflects the recreational function of language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False5.Otto Jesperson, Daniel Jones and their colleagues made great contrib

4、utions to language teaching by developing and perfecting IPA which is extensively used in dictionaries and textbooks.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False6.zis a voiceless, alveolar fricative consonant whilejis a palatal approximant.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False7.The“ Minimal Pairs“ test that can be used to find out whic

5、h sound substitutions cause differences in meaning do not work well for all languages.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False8.All syllables must have a nucleus but not all syllables contain an onset and a coda.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False9.Sentence stress is often used to express emphasis, surprise, etc. so in principle

6、stress may fall on any word or any syllable.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False10.Stability, relative uninterruptibility and a minimum free form are three factors that help us to identify words.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False11.Morphology studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.（分数

7、：2.00）A.TrueB.False12.NUMBER and GENDER are mostly a category of the noun and pronoun while TENSE and ASPECT are two important categories of the verb.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False13.GOVERNMENT may be defined as the requirement that the forms of two or more words in a syntactic relationship should agree wit

8、h each other.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False14.The SYNTAGMATIC RELATION is a relation between one item and others in a sequence, or between elements which are all present.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False15.The DEEP structure may be defined as the abstract representation of the syntactic properties of a construction, i

9、. e. the underlying level of structural relations between its different constituents, such as the relation between the underlying subject and its verbs, or a verb and its object.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False16.CONNOTATIVE meaning and SOCIAL meaning are two of the 7 types of meaning recognized by G. Leech.（

10、分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False17.Through COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS, the meaning of “mother“may be analyzed into:mother = PARENT(x, y) PERFORMATIVES and INFORMATIVES.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False20.CAI aims at seeing educational problems, on the part of the teacher, whereas CAL emphasizes the use of a computer in both t

11、eaching and learning in order to help the learner achieve educational objectives.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False二、填空题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)21.Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word with the hint of the initial letter.(Write the complete words on your ANSWER SHEET).(10 points)P 1studies spee

12、ch sounds, including the production of speech, the sounds of speech, the description and classification of speech sounds, words and connected speech, etc.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_22.S 1 examines how meaning is encoded in a language. It is not only concerned with meanings of words as lexical items, but also w

13、ith levels of language below the word and above it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_23.In R 1Assimilation, a following sound is influencing a preceding sound.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.A s 1 is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an inflectional affix can be added.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_25.M 1is a process involving a

14、n alternation in the sequence of sounds, as in bird and brid.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.B 1 refers to the relation between a quantifier and a variable, that is, a variable is bound by a quantifier.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.The idea that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the constituent words and

15、 the way they are combined is usually known as the principle of c 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_28.The reader is supposed to carry out the processes required to understand each word and its relationship to previous words in the sentence as soon as that word is encountered; this is known as the Immediacy A 1.（分数

16、：2.00）填空项 1:_29.P 1Act refers, to the bringing about of effects on the audience by means of uttering the sentence, such effects being special to the circumstances of utterance.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.The procedure of error analysis includes recognition, description and e 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、单项选择题(总题数：40，

17、分数：80.00)31.Which of the following is NOT a recognized function of language in linguistics?（分数：2.00）A.Informative function.B.Interpersonal function.C.Performative function.D.Assertive function.32.Which of the following is NOT a main branch of general linguistics?（分数：2.00）A.Phonetics.B.Macrolinguisti

18、cs.C.Phonology.D.Syntax.33.Which of the following is NOT a main branch of macro-linguistics?（分数：2.00）A.Semantics.B.Anthropological linguistics.C.Psycholinguistics.D.Sociolinguistics.34.When the vocal folds are apart, the air can pass through easily and the sound produced is said to be_.（分数：2.00）A.vo

19、icedB.voicelessC.nasalD.glottal35._ are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert, impede, or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity.（分数：2.00）A.ConsonantsB.Semi-vowelsC.VowelsD.Semi-consonants36.Of manners of articulation, _ is complete closure o

20、f the articulators involved so that the airstream cannot escape through the mouth.（分数：2.00）A.plosiveB.frictiveC.approximantD.lateral37.Of places of articulation, _ is made by the tongue tip or blade and the upper front teeth.（分数：2.00）A.bilabialB.palatalC.dentalD.velar38.Which of the following best d

21、escribes Chinese syllables?（分数：2.00）A.(C)C)C)V(C)C)C)C)B.(C)C)V(C)C)C.(C)V(C)D.(C)C)C)V(C)39._in the word “international“ is called ROOT.（分数：2.00）A.inter-B.-alC.nationD.in-40.Which of the following pair of words best illustrate BACK-FORMATION?（分数：2.00）A.Editor and edit.B.Worked and work.C.Aeroplane

22、and plane.D.Advertisement and ad.41.Which of the following words best illustrate LOANBLEND?（分数：2.00）A.Au pair.B.Artificial satellite.C.China town.D.Free verse.42.Which of the following words best illustrates BROADENING?（分数：2.00）A.Offend.B.Hog.C.Cattle.D.Bead.43.The verb “take“ can be analyzed in the

23、 following way according to componential analysis.（分数：2.00）A.take=CAUSE(x,(HAVE(x,y)B.take = CAUSE(x,( HAVE(x,y)C.take = CAUSE(x,(BECOME(x,y)D.take = CAUSE(x,( BECOME(x,y)44.Which of the following is NOT a major strand of psycholinguistic research?（分数：2.00）A.COMPREHENSION.B.PRODUCTION.C.PRACTICE.D.A

24、CQUISITION.45.Which of the following is NOT a level of representation involved in speaking a sentence according to Garrett?（分数：2.00）A.The message-level representation.B.The fimctional-level representation.C.The informative-level representation.D.The articulatory-level of representation.46.Which of t

25、he following is NOT one of the three inter-related processes in writing according to Hayes and Flower?（分数：2.00）A.The planning process.B.The sentence generation process.C.The peer-editing process.D.The revision process.47.Firth developed his own theory of CONTEXT OF SITUATION. Which of the following

26、is NOT part of his theory?（分数：2.00）A.The relevant features of the participants.B.The relevant objects.C.The effects of the verbal action.D.The impacts on the verbal action.48.Grice introduced the following categories of maxims to specify the CP further EXCEPT_（分数：2.00）A.quantityB.qualityC.occasionD.

27、manner49.In specifying the manner of his CP theory, Grice mentioned all the following EXCEPT_（分数：2.00）A.Be relevant.B.Avoid ambiguity.C.Be briefD.Avoid obscurity of expression.50.According to Grice, the following are the characteristics of implicature EXCEPT _（分数：2.00）A.calculabilityB.comprehensibil

28、ityC.non-detachabilityD.cancellability51.Which of the following does Horn propose?（分数：2.00）A.Make your contribution sufficient.B.Be brief.C.Avoid ambiguity.D.Be orderly.52.Which is NOT a form of sound patterning?（分数：2.00）A.Rhyme.B.Literation.C.Assonance.D.Consonance.53.Which of the following may NOT

29、 be the main areas of information retrieval research?（分数：2.00）A.Content analysis.B.Grounded theory.C.information structure.D.Evaluation.54.Which of the following is NOT a recognized type of syllabus?（分数：2.00）A.Situational syllabus.B.Notional-fuctional syllabus.C.Cognitive syllabus.D.Content-based sy

30、llabus.55.A(n)_ test assesses how much a learner has mastered the contents of a particular course.（分数：2.00）A.achievementB.aptitudeC.diagnosticD.proficiency56.The following are the kinds of validity EXCEPT_?（分数：2.00）A.content validityB.construct validityC.stability validityD.face validity57._ is ofte

31、n described as“father of modern linguistics“.（分数：2.00）A.Ferdinand de SaussureB.MalinowskiC.J. R. FirthD.M.A.K. Halliday58.The London School made great contributions to the following _ theory.（分数：2.00）A.StructuralismB.Innateness HypothesisC.The Standard TheoryD.Systemic-Functional Grammar59.The Pragu

32、e School made great contributions to the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.seeing language in terms of FUNCTIONB.the stress that the synchronic study of language is fully justifiedC.emphasis on the systemic character of languageD.structuralism60.Chomsky“s TG Grammar differs from the structural grammar in

33、 the following EXCEPT_（分数：2.00）A.rationalismB.innatenessC.formalizationD.stimulus and response61.The study of characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions, and the characteristics of their speakers fall into the field of _ as these three constantly interact and chang

34、e with a speech community.（分数：2.00）A.psycholinguisticsB.sociolinguisticsC.anthropological linguisticsD.computational linguistics62.In English,wandjare _.（分数：2.00）A.plosivesB.fricativesC.median approximantsD.lateral approximants63.Which of the following can be best described as“voiceless alveolar fri

35、cative“?（分数：2.00）A.pB.sC.hD.l64.The property of voicing plays an important part in distinguishing obstruents in English. It is, therefore, a _feature for English obstruents.（分数：2.00）A.distinctiveB.binaryC.supplementaryD.design65.The words that refer to substance, action and quality are _ words, also

36、 known as content words.（分数：2.00）A.lexicalB.functionC.invariableD.grammatical66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Derivational affixes often change the lexical meaning.B.Derivational affixes might or might not change the word class of the word they attach to.C.In English, deri

37、vational affixes can be prefixes or suffixes.D.Derivational affixes are productive across an entire category, not just across a range of members of that category.67.The most appropriate term that describes“breakthrough“and“playboy“is _.（分数：2.00）A.verbal compoundB.synthetic compoundC.endocentric comp

38、oundD.exocentric nominal compound68.In lexical change, the creation of “flu“ and “fridge“ in English is through the process of_（分数：2.00）A.inventionB.abbreviationC.blendingD.acronym69.The referential theory relates the meaning of a_to the thing it refers to, or stands for.（分数：2.00）A.phonemeB.wordC.se

39、ntenceD.clause70._ can be defined as consistency. If a test produces the same or very similar results when given to the same candidates twice in succession or marked by different people, it is regarded as having high degree of_.（分数：2.00）A.Empirical validity, empirical validityB.Validity, validityC.C

40、onstruct validity, construct validityD.Reliability, reliability四、简答题(总题数：7，分数：14.00)71.Illustrate the types of processes with regard to borrowing like loanword, loanblend, loanshift and loan translation and then group the following English words borrowed from the Chinese language according to the ty

41、pes of processes.(10 points)tea(茶)yuan(元)Paper Tiger(纸老虎)kung fu(功夫)lichi(荔枝)Cultural Revolution(文化大革命)cheongsam(旗袍)face(面子)Confucian(儒家的)kow tow(叩头)wok(镬)National Peoples Congress(人民代表大会)（分数：2.00）_72.What do you know about Sapir Whorf Hypothesis?(10 points)（分数：2.00）_73.Illustrate Speech Act Theory.

42、(10 points)（分数：2.00）_74.Explain what branch of linguistic study will be most likely involved and what theories might support the study of Chinese English learners“ drop of plural forms of countable nouns and third person singular forms of verbs when they speak English.(10 points)（分数：2.00）_75.Analyze

43、 the following description and the lexical items according to the theories of sense relations.(10 points)“I like the garden very much. In the garden, there are plants, bushes, evergreens, maple trees, red flowers, yellow flowers, white flowers, pink flowers, peony, jasmine, chrysanthemum, tulips, ca

44、rnation and many other kinds of flowers. My yeye built the garden many years ago when he moved in. He told me that my bobo, dad and shushu had a wonderful time in the garden as well when they were little.“（分数：2.00）_76.Support your argument concerning whether Women Register exists in the Chinese lang

45、uage.(15 points)（分数：2.00）_77.Present the major view of language in functional linguistics OR interactionalism and then discuss its important implications for foreign language teaching and learning.(15 points)（分数：2.00）_2012年大连外国语大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷答案解析(总分：154.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、判断题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Languag

46、e is a means of verbal communication which can only take place effectively if all the users share a broad understanding of human interaction including such associated factors as nonverbal cues, motivation, and socio-cultural roles.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：考查语言的定义和影响语言交际的因素。人们之间的有效沟通会受到语言、肢体语言、社会及文化等因素的影响。2.Different words are used to describe the concept in different languages. This reflects the design feature of displacement concerning human languages.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：考查语言的任意性。任意性指语言符号的形式与意义之间没有自然的联系。3.Adults enjoy reading poems for it