【考研类试卷】2012年天津外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析.doc

1、2012 年天津外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Shen suggested the existing urban housing demolition regulations be revised, after Sichuan Province native, Tang Fuzhen, died following self-immolation in protest against the forced demolition of her home in November 2009.

2、（分数：2.00）A.explosionB.wipeoutC.destructionD.ruining2.People from every corner of the world come to visit me, asking questions on every conceivable topic related to China, from China“s internal and international policies to everyday life.（分数：2.00）A.confidentialB.imaginableC.unbelievableD.embarrassing

3、3.Locke“s Chinese ancestry presents a double-edged sword situation. As a political figure, he cannot go overboard with his intimacy for China and its culture; otherwise, it will be difficult for him to get approval from politicians in the United States.（分数：2.00）A.nominationB.cultural insightC.cultur

4、al traditionD.pedigree4.The disaster will not completely dash Japan“s economic potential, according to CASS“s Feng.（分数：2.00）A.smashB.put an end toC.boomD.undermine5.The “Occupy Wall Street“ protests started on September 17, denouncing the greed and recklessness of the financial titans, who brought d

5、own the U. S. economy.（分数：2.00）A.criticizing significantlyB.alleviating significantlyC.threatening openlyD.condemning openly6.The scandal at the zoo was exposed by disgruntled staff on March 10 when they went on strike over unpaid wages. According to the staff, this was not the first time that the z

6、oo has been mired in scandal.（分数：2.00）A.disgracefulB.discontentedC.on-strikeD.off-post7.Zhejiang Geely secured Volvo at a price far less than the $6. 45 billion Ford paid the brand in 1999.（分数：2.00）A.seizedB.purchasedC.acquiredD.merged8.Li wants to radically slash the Swedish brand“s costs for some

7、of its primary operations, such as product development and manufacturing, by tapping the relatively cheap labor available in China.（分数：2.00）A.level.drawing profit fromB.reduce.making a good use ofC.cut. relying onD.moderate. exploiting9.Many agree that the “egg“ might not be legal, but the novel ide

8、a and creation need to be supported.（分数：2.00）A.newB.romanticC.weirdD.parsimonious10.Economists reached a consensus that inflation in China would come from the sizzling property market instead of the food or energy sector.（分数：2.00）A.foamedB.topplingC.hotD.devastating11.For those uninitiated to Chines

9、e drinking culture, the potential confusion between white wine and baijiu can become more than a merely linguistic headache.（分数：2.00）A.newly introduced toB.lacking practical experience inC.being knowledgeable toD.being full of expertise in12.Gaddafi established the Socialist People“s Libyan Arab Jam

10、ahiriya in 1977 and adopted a relatively loose state structure similar to anarchy .（分数：2.00）A.socialist democracyB.feudal kingdomC.dictatorshipD.political disorder and confusion13.Hu added that some of the mistrust prevalent in society today stems from previous cases where people who stepped in to o

11、ffer assistance were later accused of having caused the original accidents.（分数：2.00）A.prevailingB.popularC.contaminatingD.shuffling14.Foreign study often conjures up ideas of acquiring new skills and opening one“s eyes. Not only may those notions be over-blown, there also significant downsides that

12、we rarely hear about.（分数：2.00）A.producesB.leads toC.hallucinatesD.invokes15.The first stage culminated with the successful implementation of China“s inaugural manned space mission on October 15 , 2003.（分数：2.00）A.crownedB.ceasedC.endedD.initiated16.As for the young women in the translation and litera

13、ture sections at Fudan, underperforming girls revealed some cultural and gender dissonance .（分数：2.00）A.prejudiceB.conflictC.harmonyD.discordance17.For a long time, France has been pushing for lifting the weapons embargo against those countries.（分数：2.00）A.boycottB.extraditionC.banD.dialogue18.The doc

14、tor suggested that he just fabricated the injury.（分数：2.00）A.inventedB.worsenedC.causedD.scattered19.The application of 3G is on the upswing in China; however, the era of 4G has also begun.（分数：2.00）A.pokeB.dwindleC.soarD.rise20.Earlier that year, UNESCO listed Kunqu as an Intangible Cultural Heritage

15、.（分数：2.00）A.hypotheticalB.valuableC.nonphysicalD.unchangeable21.The supervisor was advised to (A)give the assignment to whomever (B)he believed had (C)a strong sense of responsibility, and the courage of conviction (D).（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.Given (A)their strong suspicion of inherited authority and th

16、eir almost infinite faith in an individual“s right to shape his own destiny, Americans have trouble accepting (B)social customs whose provenance is unclear and whose authority (C)they never consented (D).（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.The term biological clock is applied to (A) the means which (B)living things

17、 adjust their activity patterns, without any obvious cue (C), to the time of day (D), or the month, or the year.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.What should doctors say, for example (A), to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup (B)before going on vacation with his family who, though (C)he fe

18、els in perfect health, finds (D)to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months?（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.The conquerors stole only (A)the gold and silver that were needed (B)to replenish the badly depleted (C)treasury but also the supplies that were vital to (D)the colonists.（分数：2.0

19、0）A.B.C.D.26.The telegraph opened up (A)the possibility of almost instantaneous communication and thereby (B) offering (C)many practical advantages to people in all walks of life (D).（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.T. S. Eliot received (A)wide recognition after publishes (B)The Waste Land, which fused (C)poetic

20、 traditions with elements (D)of modern music and language.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.We are expected to get excited about skyscrapers simply on the basis of (A)their height, an attribute that (B)is supposed to make us overlook the fact that (C)everything else about them is banal and exceptional uninteresti

21、ng (D).（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.Coupled with (A)the growing quantity of information are (B)the development of technologies which (C)enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed (D)to more locations than has ever been possible before.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.He has told (A)me somethin

22、g about his new theory which he has been developing (B). I believe that his theory will offer (C)new explanations of the problem when it will be ready (D)to be published.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、选词填空(总题数：2，分数：40.00)The American attitude t 1the family contains many contradictions. For example, Americans wi

23、ll tolerate a good deal of instability in their families, including d 2, in order to protect such values as freedom and equality. On the other h 3, they are strongly attached to the idea of the family as the best of all lifestyles. A recent s 4showed that 78 percent of Americans felt that the family

24、 was most meaningful p 5of life and 92 percent said it was a very personal value of them. In fact, the great m 6of persons who get divorces find a new partner and remarry. Some social scientists have explained this apparent c 7in an interesting way. Americans, they say, look upon the family a 8a nec

25、essary refuge as competition and hard work are basic American values, but they also place a psychological strain on the individual. By c 9the family is basically a noncompetitive, cooperative institution. Family members are not expected to compete a 10each other as they do against their peers in the

26、 outside worlds of business, politics, and education.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_A young man from a w 1family was about to graduate from high school. It was the c 2in that affluent neighborhood for the p 3to give the graduate an automobile. Bill an

27、d his father had s 4months looking at cars, and the week before graduation they found the perfect car. Bill was certain that the car would be his on graduation night. Imagine his d 5when, on the eve of his graduation, Bill“s father handed him a gift-wrapped Bible! Bill was so angry, he t 6the Bible

28、down and stormed out of the house. He and his father never saw each other again. It was the news of his father“s d 7that brought Bill home again. As he sa“t one night, going t 8his father“s possessions that he was to inherit, he came across the Bible his father had given him. He brushed away the dus

29、t and opened it to find a cashier“s c 9, dated the day of his graduation, in the exact a 10of the car they had chosen.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、阅读理解(总题数：4，分数：40.00)NOBODY else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, cou

30、ld put on a show like Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and conjure up a “magical“ or “incredible“ new electronic gadget in front of an awed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is fetch and shuffle numbers, he once explain

31、ed, but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic“. He spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed easy to use products. In retrospect, Mr Jobs was a man ahead of his time during his first stint at Apple. Computing“s early years were dominated by technical types. But his

32、emphasis on design and ease of use gave him the edge later on. Elegance, simplicity and an understanding of other fields came to matter in a world in which computers are fashion items, carried by everyone, that can do almost anything. “Technology alone is not enough, “ said Mr Jobs at the end of his

33、 speech introducing the iPad, in January 2010. “ It“s technology married with liberal arts, married with humanities, that yields the results that make our hearts sing. “ It was an unusual statement for the head of a technology firm, but it was vintage Steve Jobs. His interdisciplinary approach was b

34、acked up by an obsessive attention to detail. A carpenter making a fine chest of drawers will not use plywood on the back, even though nobody will see it, he said, and he applied the same approach to his products. “ For you to sleep well at night, the aesthetic, the quality, has to be carried all th

35、e way through. “ He insisted that the first Macintosh should have no internal cooling fan, so that it would be silentputting user needs above engineering convenience. He called an Apple engineer one weekend with an urgent request: the colour of one letter of an on-screen logo on the iPhone was not q

36、uite the right shade of yellow. He often wrote or rewrote the text of Apple“s advertisements himself. His on-stage persona as a Zen-like mystic notwithstanding, Mr Jobs was an autocratic manager with a fierce temper. But his egomania was largely justified. He eschewed market researchers and focus gr

37、oups, preferring to trust his own instincts when evaluating potential new products. “A lot of times, people don“t know what they want until you show it to them, “ he said. His judgment proved uncannily accurate: by the end of his career the hits far outweighed the misses. Mr Jobs was said by an engi

38、neer in the early years of Apple to emit a “reality distortion field“ , such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he changed reality, channelling the magic of computing into products that reshaped music, telecoms and media. The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “ put a ding in the

39、 universe“ did just that.（分数：10.00）(1).The Apple brand products, according to the article, are（分数：2.00）A.expensive.B.complicated.C.user-friendly.D.difficult to get.(2).The Apple products are distinctive, as this article tells us, because they are（分数：2.00）A.carefully made but expensive.B.integration

40、of technology and art.C.small but elegant.D.cheap but easy to use.(3).Jobs, in assessing his new products,（分数：2.00）A.tends to believe his intuition.B.tends to trust his market researchers.C.tends to study potential customers.D.tends to challenge his rivals.(4).Jobs uses the metaphor “A carpenter mak

41、ing a fine chest of drawers will not use plywood on the back“ most probably to imply that（分数：2.00）A.everybody should be careful in his work.B.plywood is expensive and should be replaced by something else.C.the carpenter that makes fine furniture is a master carpenter.D.everybody should pay attention

42、 to the smallest details and aims at perfection.(5).Read the text and say what of the following words best describe Jobs“s character?（分数：2.00）A.Self-confident, fierce-tempered with accurate judgment.B.Good writer, fast speaking, slim but forceful.C.Likes to dress in black, eloquent.D.Exaggerating, b

43、ragging and arrogant.Albert Einstein“s first tour of America was an extravaganza unique in the history of science, and indeed would have been remarkable for any realm; a grand two-month processional in the spring of 1921 that evoked the sort of mass frenzy and press adulation that would thrill a tou

44、ring rock star. Einstein had recently burst into global stardom when observations performed during a total eclipse dramatically confirmed his theory of relativity by showing that the sun“s gravity field bent a light beam to the degree that he had predicted. So when he arrived in New York in April, h

45、e was greeted by adoring throngs as the world“s first scientific celebrity, one who also happened to be a gentle icon of humanist values and a living patron saint for Jews. Newly published papers from that year, however, show a less joyful aspect to Einstein“s famous visit. He found himself caught i

46、n a battle between ardent European Zionists and the more polished and cautious potentates of American Jewry. The full extent of this controversy, which has been only touched upon in previous books(including a biography I wrote in 2007), is revealed in a volume of Einstein“s correspondence and papers

47、 for 1921 that was recently published by the Princeton University Press. Einstein was raised in a secular German-Jewish household, and(except for a brief fling with religious fervor as a child)he disdained religious faith and rituals. He did, however, proudly consider himself Jewish by heritage and

48、he felt a strong kinship with what he called his fellow tribesmen or clansmen. His outlook in 1921 can be seen in the brusque answer he sent early that year to the rabbi of Berlin, who had urged him to become a dues-paying member of the Jewish religious community there. “In your letter, “ he responded, “I noticed that the word Jewish is ambiguous in that it refers CD to nationality and origin, (2)to the faith. I am a Jew in the first sense, not in the second. “ German anti-Semitism was on the rise. Many Jews did everything they could, including converti