【考研类试卷】2019年同等学力申硕英语模拟题及答案解析.doc

1、2019 年同等学力申硕英语模拟题及答案解析(总分：74.00，做题时间：180 分钟)词汇1.If we _our relations with that country, well have to find another supplier of raw materials.（分数：1.00）A.diffuseB.diminishC.terminateD.preclude2.The _on this apartment expires in a years time.（分数：1.00）A.treatyB.leaseC.engagementD.subsidy3.The person who

2、_ this type of approach for doing research deserves our praise.（分数：1.00）A.originatedB.speculatedC.generatedD.manufactured4.Mike just discovered that his passport had _ three months ago.（分数：1.00）A.abolishedB.expiredC.amendedD.constrained二、完形填空(总题数：2，分数：40.00)When women do become managers, do they bri

3、ng a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivated and _5_ than male managers?Some research _6_ the idea that women bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater _7_, an emphasis on affiliatio

4、n and attachment, and a _8_ to bring emotional factors to bear _9_ making workplace decisions. These differences are _10_ to carry advantages for companies, _11_ they expand the range of techniques that can be used to _12_ the company manage its workforce _13_.A study commissioned by the Internation

5、al Womens Forum _14_ a management style used by some women managers (and also by some men) that _15_ from the command-and-control style _16_ used by male managers. Using this “interactive leadership” approach, “women _17_ participation, share power and information, _18_ other peoples self-worth, and

6、 get others excited about their work. All these _19_ reflect their belief that allowing _10_ to contribute and to feel _21_ and important is a win-win _22_-good for the employees and the organization.” The studys director _23_ that “interactive leadership may emerge _24_ the management style of choi

7、ce for many organizations.”（分数：20）(1).（分数：1）A.confrontedB.commandedC.confinedD.committed(2).（分数：1）A.supportsB.arguesC.opposesD.despises(3).（分数：1）A.combinationB.cooperativenessC.coherenceD.correlation(4).（分数：1）A.willingnessB.loyaltyC.sensitivityD.virtue(5).（分数：1）A.byB.inC.atD.with(6).（分数：1）A.disclose

8、dB.watchedC.revisedD.seen(7).（分数：1）A.thereforeB.whereasC.becauseD.nonetheless(8).（分数：1）A.helpB.enableC.supportD.direct(9).（分数：1）A.evidentlyB.preciselyC.aggressivelyD.effectively(10).（分数：1）A.developedB.inventedC.discoveredD.located(11).（分数：1）A.derivesB.differsC.descendsD.detaches(12).（分数：1）A.inherent

9、lyB.traditionallyC.conditionallyD.occasionally(13).（分数：1）A.encourageB.dismissC.disapproveD.engage(14).（分数：1）A.enhanceB.enlargeC.ignoreD.degrade(15).（分数：1）A.themesB.subjectsC.researchesD.things(16).（分数：1）A.managersB.womenC.employeesD.males(17).（分数：1）A.faithfulB.powerfulC.skillfulD.thoughtful(18).（分数：

10、1）A.situationB.statusC.circumstanceD.position(19).（分数：1）A.predictedB.proclaimedC.defiedD.diagnosed(20).（分数：1）A.intoB.fromC.asD.forTwo studies are adding to the debate about the health risks of eating fish containing highlevels of the metal mercury (水银，汞)。 One study _25_ that people who eat fish high

11、 inmercury may increase their risk _26_ a heart attack. Yet another study found no _27_ between mercury and heart disease.Mercury is a natural _28_ . Some bodies of water have become _29_ with mercury.High levels of the metal have been found in large fish, _30_ shark and swordfish. Scientistssay mer

12、cury can be _31_ to people. For example, it can harm the developing brain of afetus(胎儿) or child. So some experts say that pregnant women _32_ fish containing highlevels of mercury._33_ , the American Heart Association and other experts have _34_ Americans to eat fish at least two times a week. Fish

13、 _35_ important substances, and theyare believed to _36_ the risk of heart disease.Scientists in Maryland organized one of the new studies. They examined _37_ recordsof more than one thousand and four hundred men from Israel and eight European countries.They _38_ men who had suffered a heart attack

14、with healthy men. The study found that_39_ levels in the men who had a heart attack were fifteen percent _40_ than those withno history of heart disease. However, a study by the Harvard School of Public Health inCambridge, Massachusetts _41_ the findings. The Harvard scientists compared twogroups of

15、 about five hundred American men. All the men in one group _42_ a heart attackand the other men showed no _43_ of heart disease. The Harvard scientists found no linkbetween mercury and the risk of heart disease.Many doctors say people should not stop eating fish because of _44_ about mercury.（分数：20）

16、(1).（分数：1）A.advisesB.suggestsC.predictsD.objects(2).（分数：1）A.of havingB.to haveC.with havingD.for having(3).（分数：1）A.contradictionB.differenceC.reasonD.link(4).（分数：1）A.constituentB.elementC.componentD.ingredient(5).（分数：1）A.mixedB.infectedC.pollutedD.influenced(6).（分数：1）A.as well asB.together withC.suc

17、h asD.as large as(7).（分数：1）A.harmfulB.beneficialC.wickedD.evil(8).（分数：1）A.should avoid eatingB.may not eatC.may avoid eatingD.must avoid to eat(9).（分数：1）A.ThereforeB.In additionC.For instanceD.Howeverv(10).（分数：1）A.warnedB.forcedC.advisedD.halted(11).（分数：1）A.are composed ofB.containsC.involvesD.are c

18、onsisted of(12).（分数：1）A.increaseB.shrinkC.reduceD.run(13).（分数：1）A.logicalB.psychologicaC.medicalD.dental(14).（分数：1）A.comparedB.relatedC.connectedD.competed(15).（分数：1）A.waterB.bloodC.metalD.mercury(16).（分数：1）A.lowerB.lessC.higherD.more(17).（分数：1）A.approvesB.violatesC.acceptsD.disputes(18).（分数：1）A.hav

19、e sufferedB.have never sufferedC.had sufferedD.had never suffered(19).（分数：1）A.signB.evidenceC.symptomD.hint(20).（分数：1）A.interestsB.informationC.concernsD.conclusions三、翻译题(总题数：4，分数：20.00)5.Engineers are developing a new type of Internet connection that could carry so much data so quickly it might sur

20、prise even Net surfers. This technology would open up a route through which data can be sent at speeds thousands of times faster than whats possible now. If all goes to plan, the vast data speeds may soon be available to all. That might help solve the problem of how to handle the enormous growth in

21、Internet traffic. The technology would require some new software and fiber-optic links to the PC, but otherwise no change in basic facilities.（分数：5.00）_6.The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what

22、 shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.（分数：5.00）_7.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maxim

23、ize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.（分数：5.00）_8. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the pr

24、ice and permit more consumers to buy the product（分数：5.00）_四、阅读理解(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Visual impairment(视觉障碍)carries with it a reduced or restricted ability to travel through ones physical and social environment until adequate orientation and mobility skills have been established. Because observational sk

25、ills are more limited，self-control within the immediate surroundings is limited. The visually impaired person is less able to anticipate hazardous situations or obstacles to avoid.Orientation refers to the mental map one has of ones surroundings and to the relationship between self and that environm

26、ent. The mental map is best generated by moving through the environment and piecing together relationships，object by object，in an organized approach. With little or no visual feedback to reinforce this mental map，a visually impaired person must rely on memory for key landmarks and other clues. Landm

27、arks and clues enable visually impaired persons to affirm their position in Space.Mobility，on the other hand，is the ability to travel safely and efficiently from one point to another within ones physical and social environment. Good orientation skills are necessary to good mobility skills. Once visu

28、ally impaired students learn to travel safely as pedestrians(行人)they also need to learn to use public transportation to become as independent as possible.To meet the expanding needs and demands of the visually impaired person，there is a sequence of instruction that begins during the preschool years

29、and may continue after high school. Many visually impaired children lack adequate concepts regarding time and space or objects and events in their environment. During the early years much attention is focused on the development of some fundamental concepts，such as inside or outside，in front of or be

30、hind，fast or slow，movement of traffic，the variety or intersections，elevators or escalators，and so forth. These concepts are essential to safe，efficient travel through familiar and unfamiliar settings，first within buildings，then in residential neighborhoods，and finally in business communities.（分数：5）(

31、1).How can we increase the visually impaired persons ability to travel through his physical and social environment?（分数：1）A.By helping him develop adequate orientation and mobility skills.B.By teaching him to learn observational skills.C.By warning him of hazardous situations or obstacles.D.By improv

32、ing his visual ability.(2).The visually impaired persons position in space .（分数：1）A.is not determined by memory but by physical landmarks and cluesB.is located in relation to other items in his mental map.C.enables him to construct the mental mapD.reinforces the mental map of his surroundings(3).Mob

33、ility skills which the visually impaired person is learning refer to the ability .（分数：1）A.to travel as a dependent touristB.to travel as a pedestrian and a passengerC.to travel as a pedestrian with a companyD.to travel within the safe physical and social environment(4).In the passage，the author insi

34、sts that .（分数：1）A.visually impaired children go to school for survivalB.the needs and demands of visually impaired children expandC.visually impaired children acquire the fundamental concepts for safe mobilityD.preschool children receive the instruction in the concepts of time and space or objects a

35、nd events(5).What is the author mainly talking about in the passage?（分数：1）A.Visual impairment and memor.B.The visually impaired persons physical and social environment.C.Mental development of the visually impaired person.D.Orientation and mobility of the visually impaired person.To respond forcefull

36、y to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research.

37、Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that opp

38、osed immunizations; she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research.When assured that they do, she replied, “Then 1 would have to say yes.” Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, “Dont worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just d

39、ont understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate,understandable way in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmothers hip replacement, a fathers bypass operation, a babys

40、vaccinations, and even a pets shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst. Much can be done. Scientists could “adopt” middle school classes and present t

41、heir own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally, because the ultimat

42、e stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a

43、 real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.（分数：5）(1).The author begins his article with Edmund Burkes words to.（分数：1）A.call on scientists to take some actionsB.criticize the misguided cause of animal rightsC.warn of the doom of biomedical r

44、esearchD.show the triumph of the animal rights movement(2).Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .（分数：1）A.cruel but naturalB.inhuman and unacceptableC.inevitable but viciousD.pointless and wasteful(3).The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the publics .（分数：1

45、）A.discontent with animal researchB.ignorance about medical scienceC.indifference to epidemicsD.anxiety about animal rights(4).The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates,scientists should .（分数：1）A.communicate more with the publicB.employ hi-tech means in research

46、C.feel no shame for their causeD.strive to develop new cures(5).From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is（分数：1）A.a well-known humanistB.a medical practitionerC.an enthusiast in animal rightsD.a supporter of animal research2019 年同等学力申硕英语模拟题答案解析(总分：74.00，做题时间：180 分钟)词汇1.If we _our relations with t

47、hat country, well have to find another supplier of raw materials.（分数：1.00）A.diffuseB.diminishC.terminate D.preclude解析：动词辨异。本题考查和 relations 搭配的单词。If 是线索词，表示条件关系，有的时候也可以暗示 因果关系。本题只有 terminate 可以和 relations 搭配，根据句意，也只有 terminate 符合题意。终止关系和寻 找另外的原材料供应者之间存在条件或者说是因果关系。B) diminish (使)减少, (使)变小; diminish th

48、e cost 减少成本;C) terminates 停止，(使)终止; A) diffuse 散播, 传播, 扩散;D) preclude 避免, 排除, 阻止, 妨碍; preclude misunderstanding 避免误解; preclude sb. from sth. 阻止某 人做某事。译文 如果我们终止与那个国家的关系，那么我们将不得不寻找另外的原材料供应者。2.The _on this apartment expires in a years time.（分数：1.00）A.treatyB.lease C.engagementD.subsidy解析：名词辩异。空格处所填的词被 apartment(公寓)和 expire(到期)所决定。 B) lease 租约(契);long-term lease 长期租约; A) treaty 条约;make treaty 立约, 订合