【考研类试卷】GCT(英语)4及答案解析.doc

1、GCT(英语)4 及答案解析(总分：-34.00，做题时间：45 分钟)1.The price of beer _ from 40 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.（分数：-1.00）A.alteredB.rangedC.separatedD.differed2.The committee is totally opposed _any changes being made in the plans.（分数：-1.00）A.ofB.onC.toD.against3.Housewives who do not go out to wo

2、rk often feel they are not working to their full_.（分数：-1.00）A.capacityB.strengthC.lengthD.possibility4.The extensive survey suggested that their assumptions _totally wrong.（分数：-1.00）A.wereB.beC.wasD.would be5.He hoped the firm would_ him to the Paris branch.（分数：-1.00）A.exchangeB.transmitC.transferD.

3、remove6.The director was critical _the way we were doing the work.（分数：-1.00）A.atB.inC.ofD.with7.The ATMs enable bank customers to access their money 24 hours a day and seven days a week _ATMs are located.（分数：-1.00）A.wheneverB.whereverC.howeverD.whatever8.He always did well at school _ having to do p

4、art-time jobs every now and then.（分数：-1.00）A.in spite ofB.regardless ofC.on account ofD.in case of9.A lorry _ Janes cat and sped away.（分数：-1.00）A.ran overB.ran intoC.ran throughD.ran down10.Id rather you _make any comment on the issue for the time being.（分数：-1.00）A.dontB.wouldntC.didntD.shouldntDoub

5、le Income and No Kids (DINK) becomes fashionable in China. The DINK couples are usually regarded as those who have higher educations and 【31】 careers with higher incomes. The increase in DINK families has shattered the Chinese traditional idea of the family and 【32】 typical. A survey conducted recen

6、tly in Beijing by a market survey company 【33】 that about 33 percent of the 1,300 surveyed families in Beijing said they have 【34】 plans to have children. It is estimated there about 600,000 DINK families in large cities like Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Chongqing. Why they choose such a

7、 lifestyle is concluded in 【35】 reasons. Some are showing great worry for the rapid growth of population; some are indulged in building a more well-off family; some are showing sharp 【36】 to get themselves free from the obligation of raising children. 【37】 , most people still believe it is necessary

8、 to bear a child to keep the family line on. As an old Chinese saying goes: There are three aspects in failing to be a filial son and the 【38】 serious one is to have no heir for the family. So, childless couples will suffer discrimination 【39】 family members and neighbors. But it is clear that the n

9、ew tide of ideas has come, which suggests young people 【40】 to choose their own way of life. They are instilling modern ideas into traditional families and society. In the modernization process, personal choices will be highly respected. （分数：-1.00）A.stableB.availableC.achievableD.liableA.had becomeB

10、may becomeC.becameD.becomesA.directedB.inducedC.indicatedD.dictatedA.noB.notC.hardlyD.scarcelyA.elegantB.abundantC.similarD.variousA.tensionB.attentionC.intentionD.interactionA.MoreoverB.HoweverC.AccordinglyD.GenerallyA.mostB.moreC.latestD.lessA.intoB.toC.atD.fromA.wantedB.should wantC.wantD.had wa

11、ntedEducational attitudes in a country may be a 【B1】 by which its basic cultural values are reflected. To take the American higher education 【B2】 example, university classrooms share certain identical features though they 【B3】 from course to course in some aspects. Any student, 【B4】 their ethnic and

12、 social background, is not only allowed but also encouraged to have chances for active participation in class. 【B5】. teachers often expect independent learning 【B6】 their students. It will be most appreciated if a student can 【B7】 the initiative and complete the assignment without too much 【B8】 upon

13、 his or her instructors. These two 【B9】 features in American university classrooms actually manifest the basic American values, especially self-reliance and 【B10】 of opportunity.（分数：-1.00）A.methodsB.meanC.meansD.measureA.as anB.for anC.asD.theA.varyB.deferC.differsD.diversifiedA.without regard ofB.w

14、ith regard toC.regardless ofD.regardless toA.HoweverB.MoreoverC.WhereasD.OtherwiseA.withB.ofC.forD.toA.doB.makeC.takeD.playA.independenceB.helpC.guidanceD.dependenceA.commonB.similarC.differentD.alikeA.unityB.equalityC.inequalityD.varietyWhen television first began to expand, very few of the people

15、who had become famous as radio commentators were able to be effective on television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when were trying to 【B1】 themselves to the new medium were technical. When working on radio, for example, they had become 【B2】 to seeing on behalf of the listener. This 【B3】

16、 of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking. Above all, he has to be able to 【B4】 a continuous sequence of visual images which 【B5】 meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the 【B6】 of television, however, the commentator sees everything with the viewer.

17、 His role, therefore, is completely different. He is there to make 【B7】 that the viewer does not miss some point of interest, to help him focus on particular things, and to 【B8】 the images on the television screen. Unlike his radio colleague, he must know the 【B9】 of silence and how to use it at tho

18、se moments 【B10】 the pictures speak for themselves. （分数：-1.00）A.turnB.adaptC.alterD.modifyA.experiencedB.determinedC.establishedD.accustomedA.efficiencyB.technologyC.artD.performanceA.inspireB.createC.causeD.perceiveA.addB.applyC.affectD.reflectA.occasionB.eventC.factD.caseA.definiteB.possibleC.sure

19、D.clearA.exhibitB.demonstrateC.exposeD.interpretA.purposeB.goalC.valueD.intentionA.ifB.whenC.whichD.asUntil recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 【B1】 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 【B2】 man. But they i

20、nsisted that its 【B3】 results during the period from 1740 to 1840 were widespread poverty and misery for the 【B4】 of the English population. 【B5】 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1640 to 1740, when England was still a 【B6】 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and p

21、rosperity. This view, 【B7】, is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 【B8】 history and economics, have 【B9】 two things: that the period from 1640 to 1740 was 【B10】 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority

22、 of the populace. （分数：-1.00）A.admittedB.believedC.claimedD.predictedA.plainB.averageC.meanD.normalA.momentaryB.promptC.instantD.immediateA.bulkB.hostC.grossD.magnitudeA.OnB.WithC.ForD.ByA.broadlyB.thoroughlyC.generallyD.completelyA.howeverB.meanwhileC.thereforeD.moreoverA.atB.inC.aboutD.forA.manifes

23、tedB.approvedC.shownD.speculatedA.notedB.impressedC.labeledD.markedScience textbooks and technical and professional journals are usually made up of several parts and contain various special features, many of which have a standard format. 【B1】 usually contain a large number of these parts; journals a

24、nd 【B2】 contain many, but not all of them. Knowing where to look for information and 【B3】 to expect in a book can greatly increase your ability to use all the information there. Explanations of and practice using some of these textbook parts and 【B4】 are covered in these even numbered lessons. The f

25、eatures in textbooks are 【B5】 into the following three categories. Front matter is the 【B6】 -numeral paginated section at the front of most books. The text is the main body of the book. The 【B7】 matter comprises the additional sections at the back of most books. 【B8】 our discussion of these three se

26、ctions will deal mainly with textbooks, the practice provided will greatly 【B9】 your comprehension of scientific 【B10】 as well. （分数：-1.00）A.TextbooksB.JournalsC.ManualsD.BookletA.textbooksB.magazinesC.manualsD.bookletA.howB.whatC.whenD.whereA.informationB.abilitiesC.featuresD.expectationA.fallsB.fal

27、lenC.groupedD.turnedA.oddB.evenC.GreekD.romanA.frontB.backC.mainD.lastA.AlthoughB.sinceC.WhileD.HoweverA.increaseB.liftC.raiseD.enhanceA.textbooksB.journalsC.discussionsD.sectionsIf a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a

28、 large quantity of grain 【B1】 consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 【B2】 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 【B3】 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must

29、sell in order to 【B4】 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 【B5】 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 【B6】 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 【B7】 . He must either sell some of his property or 【B8】 extra fun

30、ds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 【B9】 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 【B10】 obtainable.（分数：-1.00）A.other thanB.as well asC.instead ofD.more thanA.only ifB.much asC.long beforeD.ever sinceA.forB.againstC.supplementD.disposeA.replaceB.purchaseC.supple

31、mentD.disposeA.enhanceB.mixC.feedD.raiseA.vesselsB.routesC.pathsD.channelsA.self-confidentB.self-sufficientC.self-satisfiedD.self-restrainedA.searchB.saveC.offerD.seekA.proportionB.percentageC.rateD.ratioA.genuinelyB.obviouslyC.presumablyD.frequentlyThe first and smallest unit that can be discussed

32、in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 【B1】 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 【B2】 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 【B3】 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by th

33、e speaker may 【B4】 unfavorable reactions in the listener 【B5】 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down. 【B6】 , inaccurate or indefinite words may make 【B7】 difficult for the listener to understand the 【B8】 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker w

34、ho does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 【B9】 to explain or describe in a 【B10】 that can be understood by his listeners.（分数：-1.00）A.ofB.atC.forD.onA.inaccessibleB.timelyC.likelyD.invalidA.encouragesB.preventsC.destroysD.offersA.pass outB.take awayC.back upD.stir upA.whoB.asC.

35、whichD.whatA.MoreoverB.HoweverC.PreliminarilyD.UnexpectedlyA.thatB.ItC.soD.thisA.speechB.senseC.messageD.meaningA.obscureB.difficultC.impossibleD.unableA.caseB.meansC.methodD.wayVitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of ani

36、mals, including man. They do not provide energy, 【B1】 do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 【B2】 foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 【B3】 is missing a deficiency disease becomes 【B4】 . Vitamins are similar because they are

37、 made of the same elementsusually carbon, hydrogen , oxygen , and 【B5】 nitrogen. They are different 【B6】 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 【B7】 one or more specific functions in the body. 【B8】 enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for

38、B9】 vitamins. Many people, 【B10】 . believe in being on the “safe side“ and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body s vitamin needs. （分数：-1.00）A.eitherB.soC.norD.neverA.shiftingB.transferringC.alteringD.transformingA.anyB.someC.anythingD.somethingA.seri

39、ousB.apparentC.severeD.fatalA.mostlyB.partiallyC.sometimesD.rarelyA.in thatB.so thatC.such thatD.except thatA.undertakesB.holdsC.playsD.performsA.SupplyingB.GettingC.ProvidingD.FurnishingA.exceptionalB.exceedingC.excessD.externalA.neverthelessB.thereforeC.moreoverD.meanwhileRecruiting(招募)the right c

40、andidate to fill a vacancy can be a difficult and costly task. 【31】 the wrong person could be an expensive mistake which could cause personnel problems for the whole department. And, as every HR (Human Resource) manager knows, it is much more difficult to get rid of someone than it is to 【32】 them.

41、The HR managers first decision is 【33】 to recruit internal applicants or advertise the vacancy outside the company. 【34】 applicants are easy to recruit by memo, e-mail, or newsletter. Furthermore, they are easy to assess and know the company well. 【35】 , they rarely bring fresh ideas to a position.

42、Moreover, a rejected internal candidate might become unhappy and leave the company. Recruiting outside the company means either advertising the vacancy directly or 【36】 an employment agency. If the company decides to advertise the vacancy directly, it has to decide where to place the 【37】 . Traditio

43、nally this has meant newspapers and professional journals but now the Internet is also very popular. The decision normally depends on the vacancy. Companies advertise blue-collar or clerical jobs in local newspapers and senior management 【38】 in national papers or professional journals, 【39】 the Int

44、ernet is one of the best ways of advertising IT vacancies or recruiting abroad. However, with the Internet there is a risk 【40】 receiving unsuitable applications from all over the world. （分数：-1.00）A.FindingB.SearchingC.PlacingD.AppointingA.fireB.applyC.dismissD.employA.whetherB.ifC.whichD.whereA.Ter

45、minalB.ExternalC.AdditionalD.InternalA.BesidesB.HoweverC.WhileD.WhereasA.useB.usingC.usedD.to useA.agencyB.jobC.advertisementD.companyA.positionsB.placesC.roomsD.seatsA.whenB.asC.whileD.onceA.atB.ofC.overD.inIt is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands

46、 of everyday perceptions, the bases 【B1】 the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be 【B2】 in our past experiences, which are brought into the present 【B3】 memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep 【B4】 available for later use. It includes not only “remembering

47、 thing like arithmetic or historical facts, but also any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is 【B5】 when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six year old child learns to swing a baseball bat. Me

48、mory 【B6】 not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer 【B7】 that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large com

49、puter may hold up to 100,000 “words“ ready for 【B8】 use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meanings of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total 【B9】 of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of facts and places that the teenager can recognize on sight. The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a persons memory is in terms of words and 【B10】 of words. （分数：-1.00）A.ofB.toC.forD.onA