【考研类试卷】GCT工程硕士（英语）-试卷15及答案解析.doc

1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 15 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your

2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.Today“s popular clothing chains _teenagers, who can be counted upon to change their tastes every 30 days.（分数：2.00）A.resort toB.attend toC.appeal mD.apply to3.The_ choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the a

3、vailable ones that will enable him or her to maximize utility.（分数：2.00）A.optimalB.optionalC.opticalD.optimistic4.People do not always recall events as they _actually.（分数：2.00）A.are happeningB.will happenC.happenedD.would happen5.The first Olympiad is said to have consisted _of a 200-yard foot race n

4、ear the small city of Olympia.（分数：2.00）A.nearlyB.completelyC.merelyD.identically6.It _commonplace to think of sport as a “leisure industry“ now.（分数：2.00）A.becameB.will becomeC.is becomingD.had become7.Applicant will be asked to provide information on how they will _information to other students at t

5、heir university or college.（分数：2.00）A.discloseB.deliverC.spreadD.analyze8.Two decades ago a woman who shook hands with men on her own _was usually viewed as too for ward.（分数：2.00）A.endeavorB.initiativeC.motivationD.preference9.Chocolate manufacturers blend many types of beans to yield_ and color des

6、ired in the final product.（分数：2.00）A.the shapeB.the flavorC.the functionD.the brand10.You can always _Jim in a crisis, for he is simply the most helpful person I“ve ever known.（分数：2.00）A.refer toB.count onC.cope withD.run into11.Should English classes be _at the elementary or primary school level in

7、 countries where it is not the native language?（分数：2.00）A.requiredB.necessaryC.selectedD.permanent二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there

8、are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had be

9、en transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months. In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, poli

10、cymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today“s families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachuted they once had

11、in times of financial setbacka back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect“ could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today

12、, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner. During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining m

13、illions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their gu

14、aranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risenand newly fashionable health-saving plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers,

15、 with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families“ future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parentand all the attendant need for physical and financial assistancehave jumped eightfold in ju

16、st one generation. From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the whole-sale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shou

17、lders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.（分数：10.00）(1).Today“s double-income families are at greater financial risk in that_.（分数：2.00）A.the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.B.their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.C.they are

18、 more vulnerable to changes in family economics.D.they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance.(2).As a result of President Bushes reform, retired people may have _.（分数：2.00）A.a higher sense of security,B.less secured payments.C.less chance to invest.D.a guaranteed future.(3).According

19、to the author, health-savings plans will_.（分数：2.00）A.help reduce the cost of healthcare.B.popularize among the middle class.C.compensate for the reduced pensions.D.increase the families“ investment risk.(4).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.financial risks tend to outweigh

20、 political risks.B.the middle class may face greater political challenges.C.financial problems may bring about political problems.D.financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.(5).Which of the following is the best title for this text?（分数：2.00）A.The Middle Class on the Alert.B.The M

21、iddle Class on the Cliff.C.The Middle Class in Conflict.D.The Middle Class in Ruins.It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational cortstraints(约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you fe

22、el you deserve are less if you don“t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth“s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubiele(小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat

23、 in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for t

24、he job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice“ isn“t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay

25、, you“ll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip(筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract,fo

26、r example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on t

27、he table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage,before taking a job, a person should_.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask

28、 for the salary he hopes to get(2).What can be inferred from Beth“s story?（分数：2.00）A.Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.B.If people want what they deserve,they have to ask for it.C.People should not be content with what they have got.D.People should be careful when negotiatin

29、g for a job.(3).We can learn from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.unfairness exists in salary increasesB.most people are overworked and UnderpaidC.one should avoid overstating one“s performanceD.most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises(4).To get a pay raise,a person should_.（分数：2.00）A.a

30、dvertise himself on the job marketB.persuade bis boss to sign a long-term contractC.try to get inside information about the organizationD.do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions(5).To be successful in negotiations, one must_.（分数：2.00）A.meet his boss at the appropriate timeB.

31、arrive at the fiegotiation table punctuallyC.be good at influencing the outcome of the interactionD.be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikesSea horses have unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs, but unlike other creatures. It“s the males that give birth to the young. Male sea

32、horses have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms a pocket, called a brood pouch. During the breeding season, the sea horse“s pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off, leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs

33、 and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs, but she doesn“t stay long, nor does she take part in the birth. It takes from five to six weeks for the eggs in the male“s pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides

34、in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult from him to swim, so the male often uses his tall to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly, gripping the grass, he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change Iris color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being se

35、en by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs. The eggs hatch inside the male“s pouch. When the babies begin moving around, the mate sea horse knows it“s time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking, bending his body back a

36、nd forth, this causes the opening to enlarge until wide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. the father sea horse continues rocking, bending, and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to f

37、orce the young out. Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tiered when it“s over. Soon after giving birth to one brood, the male will approach his mat and show her his empty pouch. This tell

38、s her he is ready to receive eggs again.（分数：10.00）(1).What part does the female sea horse play in having babies?（分数：2.00）A.Receive eggs.B.Laying eggs.C.Hatching eggs.D.Protecting eggs.(2).What can be learned from the passage about giving birth to baby sea horse?（分数：2.00）A.It is dangerous for fenmle.

39、B.It happens once a year.C.It is hard work for the male.D.It occurs in the deep sea.(3).To protect himself and his eggs, the male sea horse does all the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.changrng his colorB.gripping a piece of grassC.staying motionlessD.enlarging his pouch(4).The author suggests when sea

40、 horse babies are ready to be born_.（分数：2.00）A.the male sea horse seems very happyB.it is difficult for them to come outC.the female sea horse joins the maleD.they need large space in the pouch(5).Which fact does the author want the reader to remember most?（分数：2.00）A.The male sea horse gives birth t

41、o the young.B.The female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time.C.Baby sea horses are born in groups of five or more.D.The female will return every day to check on the eggs.Elephants who paint aren“t new. Paintings by Ruby, an Asian elephant who lived at the Phoenix Zoo in Arizona, sold for up to $

42、5,000 in the late 1980s, said Dick George, a consultant with the zoo. “Ruby was about seven months old when she first came to the zoo“, said George. “She lived with a goat and some chickens, but she didn“t have an elephant companion for a number of years. She spent a lot of time drawing in the dirt

43、with a stick to make her days more stimulating. Her keeper bought her some art supplies“. George said, “Ruby was excited about painting right from the beginning“. The elephants at the art academies in the Southeast Asia are taught to hold a paintbrush with the tip of their trunks. Initially, the kee

44、per guides the elephant“s trunk over the canvas(画布) and offers rewards for good performance. “It only takes a few hours to a day to teach them“, said Mia Fineman, an art historian whose book When Elephants Paint is an illustrated history of the Asian Elephant Art and Consrvation Project.（分数：10.00）(1

45、).Ruby was an Asian elephant _.（分数：2.00）A.who was sold for a price as high as $5,000B.who was famous for being the first painting elephantC.whose paintings sold for as high as $5,000D.who started painting in the late 1980s(2).Why did Ruby start painting according to Dick George?（分数：2.00）A.Because sh

46、e was seven years old.B.Because she was the first to come to the zoo.C.Because she learned a lot from the goat and the chickens.D.Because she had no elephant partners to play with.(3).How did Ruby paint at the very beginning?（分数：2.00）A.She used a stick to draw in the dirt.B.She spent much time in th

47、e dirt.C.She stimulated herself every day.D.She painted with her keeper“s art supplies.(4).To encourage the elephants to paint well, the keeper _.（分数：2.00）A.bought them a lot of art suppliesB.made them excited at the beginningC.taught them to hold a paintbrush with their trunksD.reinforced the desir

48、ed behaviors with rewards(5).When Elephants Paint is a book_.（分数：2.00）A.on the history of artsB.about the painting elephants in AsiaC.explaining how to teach elephants to paintD.chiefly theorizing about elephant art三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）_Visitors to this cou