【考研类试卷】GCT工程硕士（英语）-试卷1及答案解析.doc

1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 1 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your

2、answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.The car _ halfway for no reason.（分数：2.00）A.broke offB.broke downC.broke upD.broke out3.We need a chairman _.（分数：2.00）A.for whom everyone has confidenceB.in whom everyone has confidenceC.who everyone has confidence ofD.whom

3、everyone has confidence on4.A _ to this problem is expected to be found before long.（分数：2.00）A.resultB.responseC.settlementD.solution5.The hopes, goals, fears and desires _ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.（分数：2.00）A.alterB.shiftC.transferD.vary6.We have been told that und

4、er no circumstances_ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.（分数：2.00）A.may we useB.we may useC.we could useD.did we use7.When he arrived, he found _ the aged and the sick at home.（分数：2.00）A.none butB.none other thanC.nothing butD.no other than8.I suggested he should _ himself to his new co

5、nditions.（分数：2.00）A.adaptB.adoptC.regulateD.suit9.Remember that customers don“t_ about prices in that city.（分数：2.00）A.debateB.consultC.disputeD.bargain10.Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we_ during the day.（分数：2.00）A.should have doneB.would have do

6、neC.may have doneD.must have done11.Frequently single-parent children _ some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.（分数：2.00）A.take offB.take afterC.take inD.take on二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are

7、 four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_The beat generation mainly referred to the youth who

8、 were born and brought up around the Second World War. They showed their disdain(蔑视，轻视) for almost everything traditional, such as government authority, respect for parents, one“s duty, moral standards, and traditional customs. They developed a kind of absolute individualism and liberty. They prefer

9、red long hair, mini dresses or close fitting clothes to show off the figure. They advocated freedom of sex and cohabitation(同居). Their influence could be seen from the fact that about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law. And the divorce rate was very high. The e

10、ndless US wars abroad and sharp class straggle at home caused many American youths to develop a kind of cynicism. They doubted the existing social system, possibility of harmonious(和谐的) human relations, and the long honored standard for correct behavior. They felt society overlooked their needs. The

11、refore, they refused to do any duty that was required of them by society. They declared “Don“t believe anyone over thirty“. All this came from the sick society. It“s wrong to imagine they all fought against capitalism in support of revolutionary things. Some of their ideas were even more decadent(颓废

12、的) and impractical. It was an abnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society.（分数：10.00）(1).Based on the passage, how many of one hundred and twenty American Couples of the beat generation practiced cohabitation?（分数：2.00）A.about 20 couples.B.about 30 couples.C.about 60 couples.D.about 40 couples.(2).Whic

13、h of the following is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The beat generation refused to do any duty.B.The beat generation was in support of almost everything traditional.C.The beat generation believes no one except that he is over thirty.D.The beat generation“s ideas were not impractical.(3).C

14、ynicism in this passage most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.a state of mind against realismB.a state of mind doubting everything in existenceC.a theory advocating mutual helpD.a theory advocating individualism(4).The reason why the beat generation refused to cooperate with society was _.（分数：2.00）A.they

15、 had no interestB.they found hard to cooperate with itC.the laws block their way to do soD.they thought their need was neglected(5).This passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.the young AmericansB.the generation gapC.the education of the youngD.an American social phenomenonDo you find getting up in th

16、e morning so difficult that it“s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work may say that you“re “hot“. That“s true. The time of day when you feel most energeti

17、c is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(独白) as: “Get up, John! You“ll be late for work again!“ The poss

18、ible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarreling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can“t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make y

19、our life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you“re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract(阻碍) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do

20、early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won“t change your cycle, but you“ll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn(哈欠) and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the f

21、loor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.（分数：10.00）(1).If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _.（分数：2

22、.00）A.he is a lazy personB.he is not sure why his energy is lowC.he refuses to follow his own energy cycleD.he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening(2).Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Familiar monologues.B.Unawareness of energy cycles.C.A c

23、hange in a family member“s energy cycle.D.Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.(3).If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _.（分数：2.00）A.go to bed earlierB.overcome his lazinessC.change his energy cycleD.get up earlier than usual(4).You

24、 are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _.（分数：2.00）A.help to keep your energy for the day“s workB.keep your energy cycle under control all dayC.help you to control your temper early in the dayD.enable you to concentrate on your routine work(5).All the following statements are tr

25、ue EXCEPT that _.（分数：2.00）A.getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one“s energyB.many couples quarrel because they don“t understand the energy cycleC.people can“t change the energy cycle, but they can adapt themselves to itD.Dr. Kleitman can explain why people feel most energetic at di

26、fferent time in a dayWithin fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dang

27、erous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else. The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recy

28、cling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well. Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish wil

29、l be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and rollers break up everything that

30、 can be broken. Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage. The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting ru

31、bbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will-be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.（分数：10.00）(1).The main purpose of the passage is _.（分数：2.00）A.to show us a future way of recycling wastesB.to tell the importance of recycling wastesC.to warn people the danger of some wastesD

32、.to introduce a new recycling plant(2).How many stages are there in the recycling process?（分数：2.00）A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.(3).What is the main mason for big cities to build their own recycling plants?（分数：2.00）A.To deal with wastes in a better way.B.It“s a good way to gain profits.C.It“s more economical tha

33、n to dump wastes in some distant places.D.Energy can be got at a lower price.(4).The first full-scale huge recycling plants _.（分数：2.00）A.have been in existence for 15 yearsB.takes 15 years to buildC.can“t be built until 15 years laterD.will remain functioning for 15 years(5).Which of the following s

34、tatements is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.The word “rubbish“ will soon disappear from dictionaries.B.Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy.C.To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods.D.Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.The compr

35、ehension passages on this course are designed to help you increase your speed. A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will read every book at the same speed. You would

36、expect to read a newspaper, fox example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gain will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with. The reading p

37、assages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. If you get to the point where you can read books of average difficulty at between 40 and 50 w.p.m. with 70% or more comprehension, you will be doing quite well, though of course any further improvement of s

38、peed with comprehension will be a good thing. When you practise reading with passages shorter than book length, do not try to take in each word separately, one after the other. It is much more difficult to grasp the broad theme of the passage this way, and you will also get stuck on individual words

39、 which may not be absolutely essential to a general understanding of the passage. It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first (say 500 words in a minute or so) to get the general idea of each paragraph. Titles, paragraph headings and emphasized words (underlined or in italics) c

40、an be a great help in getting this skeleton outline of the passage.（分数：10.00）(1).Provided there is no loss understanding, a higher reading speed will help in _.（分数：2.00）A.EnglishB.physicsC.other subjects as well as EnglishD.economics(2).You would expect to read a physics textbook _.（分数：2.00）A.at the

41、 same speed as you read a funny storyB.much more rapidly than a newspaperC.as slowly as you read Austen“s novel Pride and PrejudiceD.much more slowly than a newspaper(3).To do the most effective reading, you should _.（分数：2.00）A.try every possible means to increase your reading rateB.above all improv

42、e your comprehension of the textC.hunt for whatever is implied in the reading materialD.increase your reading speed and improve your understanding(4).The author suggests that you should not read passages word by word because _.（分数：2.00）A.it is not necessary to do soB.it might simply slow down your r

43、eading speedC.it might be more difficult to catch the general idea of the passagesD.it will result in misunderstanding(5).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.You are expected to read various kinds of materials at the same rate.B.A great deal of specialized k

44、nowledge is required to read books of general interest.C.Titles, introduction and paragraph heading are of great help for grasping the overview of the text.D.It is less likely that you can raise your average reading rate over the whole range of materials you wish to cover within a short time.三、Cloze

45、(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）_It is difficult to imagine w

46、hat life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases【B1】the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be【B2】in our past experiences, which are brought into the present【B3】memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep【B4】av

47、ailable for later use. It includes not only “remembering“ thing like arithmetic or historical facts, but also any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is【B5】when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a

48、 six year old child learns to swing a baseball bat. Memory【B6】not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer【B7】that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100 000 “words“ ready for【B8】use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meanings of about 100 000 words of English. However, this is