【考研类试卷】MBA联考英语-25及答案解析.doc

1、MBA 联考英语-25 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Humans are unique in the extent to which they can reflect on themselves and others. Humans are able to (1) , to think in abstract terms, to reflect on the future. A meaningless, (2) world is an insecure world. We do not like

2、extensive insecurity. When it (3) to human behavior we infer meaning and (4) to make the behavior understandable.(5) all this means is that people develop “quasi theories“ of human behavior, that is, theories that are not developed in a(an) (6) , scientific manner. When doing so, people believe they

3、 know (7) humans do the things they do.Lets consider an example. In the United States people have been (8) with the increasing amount of crime for several years. The extent of crime bothers us; we ourselves could be victims. But it (9) bothers us that people behave in such ways. Why can such things

4、happen? We develop quasi theories. We (10) concerned about the high crime rate, but we now believe we (11) it: our criminal justice system is (12) ; people have grown selfish and inconsiderate as our moral values weaken (13) the influence of liberal ideas; too many people are (14) drugs. These expla

5、nations suggest possible solutions. (15) the courts; put more people in jail as examples to other lawbreaker. There is now hope that the problem of crime can be solved if only we (16) these solutions. Again, the world is no longer meaningless nor (17) so threatening. These quasi theories (18) serve

6、a very important function for us. But how accurate are they? How (19) will the suggested solutions be? These questions must be answered with (20) to how people normally go about developing or attaining their quasi theories of human behavior.（分数：10.00）A.reasonB.considerC.understandD.regardA.unbelieva

7、bleB.unimaginableC.unpredictableD.unfortunateA.goesB.comesC.makesD.concernsA.explanationsB.motivesC.conclusionsD.consequencesA.ThatB.HowC.AsD.WhatA.objectiveB.subjectiveC.theoreticD.conclusiveA.howB.whyC.whetherD.whenA.worriedB.disturbedC.botheredD.concernedA.alsoB.evenC.yetD.stillA.retainB.remainC.

8、maintainD.refrainA.knowB.comprehendC.understandD.graspA.precautiousB.inadequateC.deficientD.destructiveA.byB.asC.fromD.forA.forB.onC.againstD.withA.ConsolidateB.SoftenC.ConfirmD.StrengthenA.act onB.workoutC.see toD.setupA.ratherB.veryC.muchD.quiteA.moreoverB.thereforeC.neverthelessD.otherwiseA.effec

9、tiveB.efficientC.sufficientD.capableA.respectB.relationC.resultD.association二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Passage OneFor all his vaunted talents, Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan has never had much of a reputation as an economic forecaster. In fact, he shies away

10、from making the precise-to-the-decimal-point predictions that many other economists thrive on. Instead, he owes his success as a monetary policymaker to his ability to sniff out threats to the economy and manipulate interest rates to dampen the dangers he perceives.Now, those instincts are being put

11、 to the test. Many Fed watchers and some policymakers inside the central bank itself- are beginning to wonder whether Greenspan has lost his touch. Despite rising risks to the economy from a swooning stock market and soaring oil prices that could hamper growth, the Greenspan-led Federal Open Market

12、Committee (FOMC) opted to leave interest rates unchanged on Sept. 24. But in a rare dissent, two of the Feds 12 policymakers broke ranks and voted for a cut in rates Dallas Fed President Robert D. McTeer Jr. and central bank Governor Edward M. Gramlich.The move by McTeer, the Feds self-styled “one s

13、ome Dove“. was no .surprise. But Gramlichs was. This was the first time that the monetary moderate had voted against the chairman since joining the Feds board in 1997. And it was the first public dissent by a governor since 1995.Despite the split vote, its too soon to count the maestro of monetary p

14、olicy out. Greenspan had good reasons for not cutting interest rates now. And by acknowledging in the statement issued after the meeting that the economy does indeed face risks, Greenspan left the door wide open to a rate reduction in the future. Indeed, former Fed Governor Lyle Gramley thinks chanc

15、es are good that the central bank might even cut rates before its next scheduled meeting on Nov. 6th, the day after congressional elections.So why didnt the traditionally risk-averse Greenspan cut rates now as insurance against the dangers dogging growth? For one thing, he still thinks the economy i

16、s in recovery mode. Consumer demand remains buoyant and has even been turbocharged recently by a new wave of mortgage refinancing. Economists reckon that homeowners will extract some $100 billion in cash from their houses in the second half of this year. And despite all the corporate gloom, business

17、 spending has shown signs of picking up, though not anywhere near as strongly as the Fed would like.Does that mean that further rate cuts are off the table? Hardly. Watch for Greenspan to try to time any rate reductions to when theyll have the most psychological pop on business and investor confiden

18、ce. Thats surely no easy feat, but its one that Greenspan has shown himself capable of more than once in the past. Dont be surprised if he surprises everyone again.（分数：10.00）(1).Alan Greenspan owes his reputation much to _.（分数：2.00）A.his successful predictions of economyB.his timely handling of inte

19、rest ratesC.his unusual economic policiesD.his unique sense of dangers(2).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.instincts most often misguide the monetary policiesB.Greenspan has lost his control of the central bankC.consensus is often the case among Feds policymakersD.Greenspan woul

20、dnt tolerate such a dissent(3).Gramleys remarks are mentioned to indicate that _.（分数：2.00）A.Greenspan didnt rule out the possibility of a future rate reductionB.Greenspans monetary policy may turn out to be a failureC.Greenspans refusal to cut rates now was justifiedD.Greenspan will definitely cut t

21、he rates before Nov. 6(4).From the fifth paragraph, we can learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.economy is now well on its way to recoveryB.economists are uncertain about consumer demandC.corporate performance is generally not encouragingD.businesses have been investing the way the Fed hoped(5).The author seems

22、to regard Greenspans manipulation of interest rates with _（分数：2.00）A.disapprovalB.doubtC.approvalD.admirationPassage TwoThe component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of the trust. The crucial time for its emergence is the first year of life. As with other persona

23、lity components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept “e

24、nse of trust“ is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the childs satisfying experiences at this early age. Or, to say it another way, this psychological formulation serves to condense, summarize, and synthesize the most important underlying changes, which give me

25、aning to the infants concrete and diversified experience.Trust can exist only in relation to something. Consequently, a sense of trust cannot develop until infants are old enough to be aware of objects and persons and to have some feeling that they are separate individuals. At about 3 months of age,

26、 babies are likely to smile, if somebody comes close and talks to them. This shows that they are aware of the approach of the other person, that pleasurable sensations are aroused. If, however, the person moves too quickly or speaks too sharply, these babies may look and cry. They will not “trust“ t

27、he unusual situation but will have a feeling of uneasiness, of mistrust, instead.Experience connected with feeding are a prime source for the development of trust. At around 4 months of age, a hungry baby will grow quiet and show signs of pleasure at the sound of an approaching footstep, anticipatin

28、g (trusting) that he or she will be held and fed. This repeated experience of being hungry, seeing food, receiving food, and feeling relieved and comforted assures the baby that the world is a dependable place.Later experiences, starting at around 5 months of age, add another dimension to the sense

29、of trust. Though endless repetitions of attempts to grasp for and hold objects, most babies are finally successful in controlling and adapting their movements in such a way as to reach their goal. Through these and other feats of muscular coordination; babies are gradually able to trust their own bo

30、dies to do their bidding.Studies of mentally-ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in pat

31、ients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy. Similarly, it is a common finding of psychological and social investigators that individuals diagnosed as “psychopathic personalities“ were so unloved in infancy that they have no reason to trust the human race

32、and therefore, no feeling of responsibility toward their fellow human beings.（分数：10.00）(1).What dose “this psychological formulation“ (Paragraph 1) refer to?（分数：2.00）A.Characteristic flavor.B.Satisfying experiences.C.Concrete and diversified experience.D.Sense of trust.(2).The author implies in the

33、passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.the sense of trust can grow independent of other manifestations of growthB.infants can develop sense of trust just as they learn to recognize people and objectsC.children who are usually satisfied can easily build the sense of trust than neglected onesD.sense of trust can b

34、e developed since one baby is born(3).Which of following statements is NOT true according to the development of a sense of trust?（分数：2.00）A.A 3-month-old infant gets sense of trust from the pleasurable approach of a person.B.The sense of trust of an infant comes greatly from the experience of being

35、fed.C.A 5-month-old infant can get the sense of trust in himself from their own ability to do things.D.The endless repetitions of attempts to grasp for and hold objects may frustrate the sense of self-trust of infants.(4).What is the right cause of somebodys psychopathic personality?（分数：2.00）A.Becau

36、se they have been over loved and spoiled by their parents.B.Because they have been bitterly ignored or abused in infancy.C.Because they have not been trusted in infancy.D.Because they have got the most serious illnesses from their family.(5).The passage mainly tells us that _.（分数：2.00）A.the sense of

37、 trust is the first part of healthy personality to be developedB.the sense of trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personalityC.trust can exist only in relation to other stages of growthD.individuals with psychopathic personalities were usually unloved in infancy and have no

38、 sense of trustPassage ThreeWe sometimes hear that essays are an old-fashioned form, that so-and-so is the “last essayist“, but the facts of the marketplace argue quite otherwise. Essays of nearly any kind are so much easier than short stories for a writer to sell, so many more see print, its strang

39、e that though two fine anthologies (collections) remain that publish the years best stories, no comparable collection exists for essays. Such changes in the reading publics taste arent always to the good, needless to say. The art of telling stories predated even cave painting, surely; and if we ever

40、 find ourselves living in caves again, it (with painting and drumming) will be the only art left, after movies, novels, photography, essays, biography, and all the rest have gone down the drain the art to build from.Essays, however, hang somewhere on a line between two sturdy poles: this is what I t

41、hink, and this is what I am. Autobiographies which arent novels are generally extended essays, indeed. A personal essay is like the human voice talking, its order being the minds natural flow, instead of a systematized outline of ideas. Though more changeable or informal than an article or treatise,

42、 somewhere it contains a point which is its real center, even if the point couldnt be uttered in fewer words than the essayist has used. Essays dont usually boil down to a summary, as articles do, and the style of the writer has a “nap“ to it, a combination of personality and originality and energet

43、ic loose ends that stand up like the nap (绒毛) on a piece of wool and cant be brushed flat. Essays belong to the animal kingdom, with a surface that generates sparks, like a coat of fur, compared with the flat, conventional cotton of the magazine article writer, who works in the vegetable kingdom, in

44、stead. But, essays, on the other hand, may have fewer “levels“ than fiction, because we are not supposed to argue much about their meaning. In the old distinction between teaching and storytelling, the essayist, however cleverly he tries to conceal his intentions, is a bit of a teacher or reformer,

45、and an essay is intended to convey the same point to each of us.An essayist doesnt have to tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth, he can shape or shave his memories, as long as the purpose is served of explaining a truthful point. A personal essay frequently is not autobiographical at all,

46、but what it does keep in common with autobiography is that, through its tone and tumbling progression, it conveys the quality of the authors mind. Nothing gets in the way. Because essays are directly concerned with the mind and the minds peculiarity, the very freedom the mind possesses is conferred

47、on this branch of literature that does honor to it, and the fascination of the mind is the fascination of the essay.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage the changes in readers taste _.（分数：2.00）A.contribute to the incompatibility of essays with storiesB.often result in unfavorable effect, to say th

48、e leastC.sometimes come to something undesirable, of courseD.usually bring about beneficial outcome, so to say(2).The author suggests that if the Stone Age should come up again _.（分数：2.00）A.the art of essay-writing would lose its foundationB.the art and literature would most totally vanishC.the art

49、of story-telling would remain in caves aloneD.the life of art would be thoroughly drained away(3).Essays are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.careful arrangement and organization of chief ideasB.remarkable concision and meaningful presentationC.improbable condensation to any shorter accountsD.flashes of wit and enlightenment of argumentation(4).What chiefly distinguishes essays from articles may be in _.（分数：2.00）A.the different amount of words used in representationB.the