【考研类试卷】北京大学考博英语-7及答案解析.doc

1、北京大学考博英语-7 及答案解析(总分：62.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：18.00)1.Jack admitted that he ought not to have made his mother angry, _?（分数：1.00）A.oughtn“t heB.wasn“t heC.didn“t heD.hadn“t he2.People“s behavior patterns must be _ with their goals.（分数：0.50）A.consentedB.convertibleC.compatibleD.conf

2、ronted3.He had a _ and rushed out of the kitchen just before an explosion wrecked it.（分数：0.50）A.probityB.progenitorC.premonitionD.preponderance4.Australia is struggling to cope with the consequences of a devastating drought. As the world warms up, other countries should pay_（分数：1.00）A.heelB.healC.he

3、edD.head5.The none of students in the class likes the mistress, who is used to being _ of everything they do.（分数：0.50）A.emotionalB.optimisticC.interestedD.critical6._before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.（分数：1.00）A.Had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were

4、they arrivingD.Were they to arrive7.It was_to watch her condition deteriorate day by day.（分数：1.00）A.sympatheticB.patheticC.empathicD.pathic8.They are looking for a _ experienced secretary who is capable of organizing a busy sales office.（分数：0.50）A.charteredB.matureC.graduatedD.polished9.The governme

5、nt will prosecute those individuals who unlawfully possess_material.（分数：1.00）A.classifiedB.bizarreC.personalD.legitimate10.It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an _ plan.（分数：1.00）A.inherentB.ingeniousC.infectiousD.indulgent11.The Chinese world diving champion was _ from the national tea

6、m, which has been front-page reported in the country for several days.（分数：1.50）A.displayedB.dispersedC.disarmedD.dismissed12.She claims to be very learned in biochemistry, but in fact _ she knows about it is all sadly out of date.（分数：1.00）A.so littleB.that muchC.what littleD.how much13.The negotiati

7、ons which _ the signing of the treaty took place over a number of years.（分数：0.50）A.precededB.prescribedC.proceededD.processed14.Experimental sciences, based on the observation of the external world, cannot aspire to completeness; the nature of things, and the imperfection of our organs,_（分数：1.00）A.a

8、re likely opposing itB.are opposed to it and the likeC.are alike opposed itD.are opposing it likewise15.There is a conspicuous lack of public debate about how this insular country should_the reality that more immigrants are coming and that those already here are changing Japan.（分数：1.00）A.abide byB.a

9、ccount forC.act onD.adjust to16.The robber tried to _ the stolen goods from the house he had broken into, but was caught by the guards.（分数：1.00）A.make away withB.make off forC.get outD.get through17.The fact is that motherhood makes the heaviest demands in_the areas of least experience.（分数：1.00）A.th

10、at it might be calledB.what might be calledC.which might be calledD.it might be called18.As a result, the mission of the school, along with the culture of the classroom, _（分数：1.00）A.was slowly to changeB.are slowly changedC.is slowly changingD.have slowly changed19.Once a picture is proved to be a f

11、orgery, it becomes quite_（分数：1.00）A.invaluableB.pricelessC.unworthyD.worthless20.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained_（分数：1.00）A.to be shownB.to have been shownC.to have shownD.being shown二、Part Reading

12、Compr(总题数：4，分数：19.00)Today, we have the longest peacetime expansion in our history. After years and years of deficits, we now have budget surpluses for years ahead. More people have a chance to realize the American Dream than ever before. More children have a chance to realize their full potential t

13、han ever before. We“ve laid a foundation to preserve our prosperity for future generations. Now, as the budget deadline rapidly approaches this year, we face many of the same tough choices again. And once again, I think the answer is clear: To build a strong nation in the new century, we must contin

14、ue to invest in our future. That means we must strengthen social security, secure and modernize medicare, and pay off the national debt in fifteen years, making America debt-free for the first time since 1835. And once again, it means we must invest in education, not sacrifice it. Months ago, I sent

15、 Congress a responsible budget to maintain our fiscal discipline and honor our commitment to our Children“s education. So far the Republicans in Congress haven“t put forth a budget of their own. In fact, they“re so busy trying to figure Out how to pay for their irresponsible tax plan that they“re in

16、 serious danger of not meeting their obligation to finish the budget by the end of the budget year. Even worse, they“re preparing to pay for their own pet projects at the expense of our children“s education. We know now that the Republicans“ risky tax cut would force us to slash vital funding for ed

17、ucation by as much as 50 percent over the next ten years. But what many people don“t know is that next year alone, the Republican plan would cut the bill that funds education by nearly 20 percent. Now, ff carried out, this plan would lead to some of the worst cuts in education in our history. More t

18、han 5,000 teachers could be laid off. Fifty thousand students could be turned away from after-school and summer-school programs. More than 2 million of our poorest students in our poorest communities would have a smaller chance of success in school and in the workplaces of the future. These aren“t j

19、ust numbers on a balance sheet; they“re vital investments in our children and our future. In a time when education is our top priority, Republicans in Congress are making it their lowest priority. So let me be clear: ff the Republicans send me a bill that doesn“t live up to our national commitment t

20、o education, I won“t hesitate to veto it. If it undermines our efforts to hire high-quality teachers to reduce class size in our public schools, I will veto it. If it fails to strengthen after-school, and summer-school programs, I“ll veto it. If it underfunds college scholarship programs, I will vet

21、o it. If it sends me a bill that turns its back on our children and their future, I“ll send them back to the drawing board. I won“t let Congress push through a budget that“s paid for at the expense of our children and our future prosperity.（分数：5.00）(1).We can infer that the audience for the speaker

22、in the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.CongressB.composed of common votersC.a group of public-school administratorsD.a group of contributors to the Democratic Party(2).Which of the following is NOT stated or implied in this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Fifty-thousand students could be turned away from after-school pr

23、ogramsB.Budget deficits will increaseC.Education funding may be cut by 50 percent over a ten-year periodD.The national debt may be paid off(3).Which of the following is NOT stated or implied about education?（分数：1.00）A.Higher education should be reserved for the talented peopleB.The nation should vie

24、w education as an investmentC.Education should be the primary goal for the congressional budgetD.Education and national prosperity are deeply connected(4).By using words such as irresponsible, risky, and pet projects, the speaker is obviously _.（分数：1.00）A.attempting to be mildB.trying to convince Re

25、publicans to come to his sideC.appealing to the Republicans“ sense of fiscal responsibilityD.trying to take the same position as the audience by attacking his rivals(5).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.America will increase its investments in futureB

26、America has been in debt since 1835C.The Republicans are trying to pass a tax-cut bill in CongressD.The Republicans might not be able to finish their budget by the end of the budget yearwaking Up from the American Dream There has been much talk recently about the phenomenon of “Wal-Martization“ of

27、America, which refers to the attempt of America“s giant Wal-Mart chain store company to keep its cost at rock-bottom levels. For years, many American companies have embraced Wal-Mart-like stratagems to control labor costs, such as hiring temps (temporary workers) and part-timers, fighting unions, di

28、smantling internal career ladders and outsourcing to lower paying contractors at home and abroad. While these tactics have the admirable outcome of holding down consumer prices, they“re costly in other ways. More than a quarter of the labor force, about 34 million workers, is trapped in low-wage, of

29、ten dead-end jobs. Many middle-income and highs killed employees face fewer opportunities, too, as companies shift work to subcontractors and temps agencies and move white-collar jobs to China and India. The result has been an erosion of one of America“s most cherished value: giving its people the a

30、bility to move up the economic ladder over their lifetimes. Historically, most Americans, even lows killed ones, were able to find poorly paid janitorial or factory jobs, then gradually climbed into the middle class as they gained experience and moved up the wage curve. But the number of workers pro

31、gressing upward began to slip in 1970s. Upward mobility diminished even more in the 1980s as globalization and technology slammed blue-collar wages. Restoring American mobility is less a question of knowing what to do than of making it happen. Experts have decried schools“ inadequacy for years, but

32、fixing them is a long, arduous struggle. Similarly, there have been plenty of warnings about declining college access, but finding funds was difficult even in eras of large surpluses.（分数：6.00）(1).The American dream in this passage mainly refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.there are always possibilities offered

33、to people to develop themselves in the societyB.Americans can always move up the pay ladderC.American young people can have access to college, even they are poorD.the labor force is not trapped in low-wage and dead-end jobs(2).Wal-Mart strategy, according to this passage, is to _.（分数：2.00）A.hire tem

34、ps and part-timers to reduce its costB.outsource its contracts to lower price agencies at home and abroadC.hold down its consumer price by controlling its labor costsD.dismantle the career ladder and stop people“s mobility upward(3).Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Wal-Martiz

35、ation has been successful in keeping costs at rock-bottom levelsB.Upward mobility for low-skilled workers has become impossible in the UC.More business opportunities are given to low-cost agencies in China and IndiaD.Although people know how to restore American mobility, it“s difficult to change the

36、 present situationThe United Nations Population Fund has picked October 31 as the day the world will be home to 7 billion people. For better and worse, it“s a milestone. And there will be more milestones ahead. Fourteen years from now, there are expected to be 8 billion people on the planet. Most of

37、 the growth will occur in the world“s poorer countries. Proportionally, Europe“s population will decline, while Africa“s will increase. At around the same time, India will overtake China as the most populous nation on Earth. The growing global population is just one side of the coin. A recent report

38、 from the World Health Organization signaled the seriousness of the human population explosion: more than 3 billion peopleabout half the world“s populationare malnourished. Never before have so many, or such a large proportion, of the world“s people been malnourished. And in a growing number of coun

39、tries, there is a seemingly unstoppable march toward sub-replacement fertility, whereby each new generation is less populous than the previous one, and population aging. As a result of declining fertility and increasing longevity, the populations of more and more countries are aging rapidly. Between

40、 9,005 and 2050, a rise in the population aged 60 years or over will be visible, whereas the number of children (persons under age 15) will decline slightly. Population aging represents, in one sense, a success story for mankind, but it also poses profound challenges to public institutions that must

41、 adapt to a changing age structure. The latest national census in China shows the number of elderly people in the country has jumped to more than 13.3 percent of the population, an increase of nearly 3 percentage points on the percentage from the previous census in 2000. A quarter of the country“s p

42、opulation will be over 65 by 2050, according to the National Population and Family Planning Commission. The growing number of elderly is a challenge that the government needs to tackle, we can“t rely on the ever-increasing population to support them or maintain the nation“s economic growth. Better s

43、olutions are needed, such as raising retirement ages to reflect the greater longevity and working capability of today“s older adults and making adjustments so pension programs are more accessible. It was heartening to hear the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security spokesperson announced in

44、 Beijing on Tuesday that the government will take the retirement policy seriously and proactively. Shanghai began testing a flexible retirement system last October. Eligible employees in the private sector are allowed to postpone retirement until the age of 65 for women. Public servants, however, wi

45、ll continue to retire under the present systemage 60 for men and 55 for women.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, India will in _ 14 years.（分数：1.00）A.be a poorer countryB.be the most populous countryC.decline in populationD.increase investment in Africa(2).What problem will result from the global

46、 population explosion?（分数：1.00）A.Population agingB.Increasing longevityC.Declining fertilityD.Expanding malnourishment(3).Population aging represents the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.rapid economic developmentB.challenge to public institutionsC.success story of mankindD.changing age structure(4).To

47、day“s older adults enjoy _.（分数：1.00）A.more working yearsB.more accessible pension programsC.greater longevityD.greater government support(5).What is the author“s attitude toward the spokesperson“s announcement?（分数：1.00）A.AngeredB.DelightedC.IndifferentD.DisappointedUnder the Bush administration Amer

48、ica has gone from a policy of “dual containment“ of Iran and Iraq to one approaching dual failure. It removed the iron rule of Saddam Hussein, but created an anarchic void in Iraq into which Iran has extended its influence. Exhausted by the insurgency in Iraq, America now struggle to deal with the m

49、ore acute threat of weapons of mass destruction posed by Iran“s nuclear programme. America“s Arab allies may be terrified by the strengthening of Iran, but they are even more terrified by the prospect of American military action to destroy Iran“s nuclear facilities. In Europe there is a degree of acceptance that, sooner or later, the world may have to deal with a nuclear-armed Iran. Some in the Bush administration though, regard that prospect as even mor