【考研类试卷】工程硕士(GCT)数学-152及答案解析.doc

1、工程硕士(GCT)数学-152 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart One Listen(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPART Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.A full _ of all the reasons for and against closing the railway has begun A. explosion B. exploration C. exploitation D. explanation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Trade relationships between the two cou

2、ntries will improve if their _ leaders could agree on the proposed quotas. A. respectable B. respective C. respectful D. respecting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Lessons written in blood _ the colonial people to uprising. A. propelled B. prompted C. promoted D. proceeded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Although students may

3、be in a _ position, teachers shall treat them as equals. A. subsidiary B. submarine C. subordinate D. subsequent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.We should _ with the doctors request. A. consult B. conceal C. consent D. comply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Mosquitoes are only means of _ of malaria. A. transference B. transfor

4、mation C. transition D. transmission（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Helen was so persistent that her husband _ at last. A. conceded B. converged C. conceived D. conferred（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.He was easily hurt because his feelings were very _. A. sensible B. sensational C. sensitive D. senseless（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.

5、What is it that the author wants to _ to his readers through the story? A. convey B. convince C. convert D. conform（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.He couldnt _ his curiosity to see what was in the box. A. retain B. restrain C. restrict D. represent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.I have omitted many things which _ a place i

6、n the hook. A. reserved B. deserved C. preserved D. observed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.He often _ in his speech. A. rumbles B. stumbles C. tumbles D. jumbles（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.I _ to one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine. A. describe B. prescribe C. subscribe D. transcribe（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The cap

7、tain of the ship _ the passengers that there was no danger. A. insured B. assured C. ensured D. secured（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Bens wife lost the case, which _ her enormously. A. compressed B. depressed C. impressed D. suppressed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.He was trained as a doctor but _ to diplomacy. A. conve

8、rted B. reverted C. diverted D. averted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.They seized Belgrade, though only after having encountered a stubborn _. A. persistence B. resistance C. insistence D. assistance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The puritan army executed the king, abolished the House of Lords, got the House of Commons t

9、o _ England a “commonwealth“, or republic. A. proclaim B. reclaim C. exclaim D. declaim（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The laser represents a true marriage between science and technology, the men who devised it were _ engineers and physicists. A. spontaneously B. simultaneously C. instantaneously D. homogeneous

10、ly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The companys training plan was designed to help the employees to improve their work habits and _. A. proficiency B. sufficiency C. insufficiency D. efficiency（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：30.00)BDirections:/B Below each of the following passages you will find some

11、questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brack

12、ets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage 1The Solar Decathlon is under way, and teams of students from 14 colleges and universities are building solar-powered homes on the National Mall in Washington, D. C. in an effort to promote this alternative energy source. This week judges in this Depa

13、rtment of Energy (DOE) sponsored event will evaluate these homes and declare one the winner. Unfortunately, for the participants, it rained on the Sept 26th opening ceremonies, and the skies over the Washington have remained mostly overcast since. However, the conditions may have made for a more rev

14、ealing demonstration of solar energy than was originally planned.Although the Solar Decathlons purpose is to advertise the benefits of electricity-generating solar panels and other residential solar gadgets, the bad weather has made it hard to ignore the limitations. As fate so amply demonstrated, n

15、ot every day is a sunny day, and indeed DOEs “Solar Village on the National Mall“ has received very little of what it needs to run.Since solar is not an always available energy source, even a community consisting entirely of solar homes and businesses would still need to be connected to a constantly

16、running power plant (most likely natural gas or coal fired) to provide reliable electricity. For this reason, the fossil fuel savings and environmental benefits of solar are considerably smaller than many proponents suggest.Washington, D. C. gets its share of sunny days as well, but even so, solar

17、equipment provides only a modest amount of energy in relation to its cost. In fact, a $ 5, 000 rooftop photovoltaic system typically generates no more than $100 of electricity per year, providing a rate of return comparable to a passbook savings account.Nor do the costs end when the system is instal

18、led, lake anything exposed to the elements, solar equipment is subject to wear and storm damage, and may need ongoing maintenance and repairs. In addition, the materials that turn sunlight into electricity degrade over time. Thus, solar panels will eventually need to be replaced, most likely before

19、the investment has fully paid itself off in the form of reduced utility bills.Solar energy has always had its share of true believers willing to pay extra to feel good about their homes and themselves. But for homeowners who view it as an investment, it is not a good one. The economic realities are

20、rarely acknowledged by the government officials and solar equipment manufacturers involved in the Solar Decathlon and similarly one-sided promotions. By failing to be objective, the pro-solar crowd does consumers a real disservice.（分数：6.00）(1).The Solar Decathlon is most probably the name of a _. A.

21、 technology B. contest C. strategy D. machine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the author say about the weather? A. It is rare for Washington, D. C. to have such long rainy days. B. It has been raining since Sept 26th for the most of the time. C. It is favorable to the manufacturers to promote solar eq

22、uipment. D. It has helped see the disadvantages of solar energy.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What has happened to DOEs “Solar Village on the National Mall“? A. It has revealed a mechanical problem. B. It lacks the energy for operation. C. It needs substantial financial support. D. It has drawn criticism fro

23、m the government.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The environmental benefits of solar power are small because _. A. solar power plants can hardly avoid polluting their surroundings B. most people prefer the relatively simple use of fossil fuel C. the users of solar energy still cannot go without fossil fuel D.

24、only several communities entirely consist of solar energy homes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred that “a passbook savings account“ _. A. brings little interest B. brings much interest C. is a deposit of at least $ 100 D. is a deposit of at least $ 5000（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).It can be inferred th

25、at in promoting solar energy the US government _. A. admits its limitation of being expensive B. rarely mentions its cost to homeowners C. stands on the side of the majority of consumers D. remains more objective than the solar equipment manufacturers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Passage 2Every year, the America

26、n Lung Association (ALA) releases its annual report card on smog, and every year it gives an “F“ to over half the nations counties and cities. When ALAs “State of the Air 2002“ recently came out, dozens of credulous local journalists once again took the bait, ominously reporting that their corner of

27、 the nation received a failing grade. The national coverage was no better, repeating as fact ALAs statement that it is “gravely concerned“ about air quality, and neglecting to solicit the views of even one scientist with a differing view. Too bad, because this report card says a lot less about actua

28、l air quality than it does about the tactics and motives of the ALA.The very fact that 60 percent of counties were given an F seems to be alarmist. This is particularly true given that smog levels have been trending downward for several decades. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

29、 statistics, ozone, the primary constituent of smog, has declined by approximately 30 percent since the 1970s. And recent gains indicate that the progress will likely continue, even without the wave of new regulations ALA is now demanding.ALA is correct that some areas still occasionally exceed the

30、federal standard for ozone, but such spikes are far less frequent than in the past. Even Los Angeles, the undisputed smog capital of America, has cleaned up its act considerably. Los Angeles, which exceeded federal smog standards for 154 days in 1989, has had 75 percent fewer such spikes in recent y

31、ears. But an ALA-assigned “F“ misleadingly implies that air quality has not improved at all.Most of the nation is currently in attainment with the current smog standard, and much of the rest is getting close. Nonetheless, ALA chose to assign an “F“ to an entire county based on just a few readings ab

32、ove a strict new EPA standard enacted in 1997 but not yet in force. In effect, ALA demanded a standard even more stringent than the federal governments, which allows some leeway for a few anomalously high readings in otherwise clean areas. ALA further exaggerated the public-health hazard by grossly

33、overstating the risks of these relatively minor and sporadic increases above the standard.（分数：6.00）(1).The medias response to ALAs “State of the Air 2002“ can best be described as _. A. trusting B. suspicious C. critical D. hesitant（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By citing figures from the EPA, the author seem

34、s to contend that _. A. the regulations about smog have proved effective B. new regulations are necessary to deal with smog C. smog problems have actually become less serious D. the federal smog standard has been rather low（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In Paragraph 3, the word “spikes“ (in boldface) probably

35、 refers to _. A. the increases above the smog standard B. the irregular readings about air quality in some areas C. the occurrences of smog in Los Angeles D. the current standards demanded by ALA（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author draws on Los Angeles to prove that the ALA _. A. is right to assign an “F

36、 to that area B. often bases its report on the past events C. has a good reason to stress smog risks D. has overstated smog problems（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author agrees with the ALA that _. A. present smog standards should be made stricter B. the standard established by the EPA is effective C. so

37、me areas fail to meet the federal standard at times D. poor air quality is a major problem nationwide（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).One of the problems with the ALA seems to be _. A. its lack of opinions from experts B. its focus on some irregular cases C. its attempt to make up the data D. its inconsistent s

38、mog standards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Passage 3It was (and is) common to think that other animals are ruled by “instinct“ whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by “reason,“ and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intelligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psyc

39、hology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be Mind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so well-because they process info

40、rmation so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take “normal“ behavior for granted. We do not realize that “normal“ behavior needs to be explained at all. This “instinct

41、 blindness“ makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the “natural seem strange.“ It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of any instinctive human act.In o

42、ur view, William James was right about evolutionary psychology. Making the natural seem strange is unnatural - it requires the twisted outlook seen, for example, in Gary Larson cartoons Yet it is a central part of the enterprise. Many psychologists avoid the study of natural competences, thinking th

43、at there is nothing there to be explained. As a result, social psychologists are disappointed unless they find a phenomenon “that would surprise their grandmothers,“ and cognitive psychologists spend more time studying how we solve problems we are bad at, like learning math or playing chess, than on

44、es we are good at. But our natural competences - our abilities to see, to speak, to find someone beautiful, to reciprocate a favor, to fear disease, to fall in love, to initiate an attack, to experience moral outrage, to navigate a landscape, and myriad others - are possible only because there is a

45、vast and heterogeneous array of complex computational machinery supporting and regulating these activities. This machinery works so well that we dont even realize that it exists - we all suffer from instinct blindness. As a result, psychologists have neglected to study some of the most interesting m

46、achinery in the human mind.（分数：5.00）(1).William James believed that man is more flexibly intelligent than other animals because man is more _. A. adaptive B. reasonable C. instinctive D. sophisticated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do we usually think of our normal behavior? A. It is controlled by powerfu

47、l thoughts. B. It is beyond the study of psychology. C. It doesnt need to be explained. D. It doesnt seem to be natural sometimes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, which of the following is most likely studied nowadays by psychologists? A. Why do we smile when pleased? B. Why do we love

48、our children? C. How do we appreciate beautiful things? D. How do we reason and process information?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author thinks that psychology is to _. A. take the normal behavior for granted B. make the natural seem strange C. study abnormal competences D. make easy things difficult（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author stresses that our natural abilities are _. A. not replaced by reasoning