【考研类试卷】工程硕士(GCT)英语-150及答案解析.doc

1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-150 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Todays popular clothing chains _ teenagers, who can be counted upon to change their tastes every 30 days. A. resort to B. attend to C. appeal to D. apply to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The _ choice for a consumer, therefore, is the

2、choice among the available ones that will enable him or her to maximize utility. A. optimal B. optional C. optical D. optimistic（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.You _ engage in serious debate or discussion unless you are willing to endure attacks. A. have better not B. had better not C. have better not to D. had

3、better not to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The first Olympiad is said to have consisted _ of a 200-yard foot race near the small city of Olympia. A. nearly B. completely C. merely D. identically（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.It _. commonplace to think of sport as a “leisure industry“ now. A. became B. will become C. is be

4、coming D. had become（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.Applicant will be asked to provide information on how they will _ information to other students at their university or college. A. disclose B. deliver C. spread D. analyze（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.Two decades ago a woman who shook hands with men on her own _ was usual

5、ly viewed as too forward. A. endeavor B. initiative C. motivation D. preference（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.Some members of the committee suggested that the meeting _. A. being postponed B. to be postponed C. be postponed D. postponed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.You can always _ Jim in a crisis, for he is simply the mo

6、st helpful person Ive ever known. A. refer to B. count on C. cope with D. run into（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.Should English classes he _ at the elementary or primary school level in countries where it is not the native language? A. required B. necessary C. selected D. permanent（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Read

7、ing (总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living rooma womens group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening, one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently

8、 beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening, I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, “Shes the talker in our family. “ The room burst in laughter; the man looked puzzled

9、and hurt. “Its true,“ he explained. “When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going, wed spend the whole evening in silence. “This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk

10、less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed-but only a few of the men-gave lack of communi

11、cation as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year-a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible

12、inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his, or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking and social arrangements. Instead, they focused on communication years before, that most wives want their husbands to be, firs

13、t and foremost, conversational partners, but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short, the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares a

14、t the back of it, wanting to talk.（分数：10.00）(1).What is most wives main expectation of their husbands? A. Talking to them. B. Trusting them. C. Supporting their careers. D. Sharing housework.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Judging from the context, the phrase “wreaking havoc“ (Line 3, Para 2) most probably mea

15、ns _. A. generating motivation B. exerting influence C. causing damage D. creating pressure（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).All of the following are true EXCEPT _. A. men tend to talk more in public than women B. nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation C. women attach much importa

16、nce to communication between couples D. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text? A. The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists. B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities

17、 C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage. D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on _. A. the moral decaying deserves more research by socio

18、logists B. marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities C. husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage D. conversational patterns between man and wife are different（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BFIVE-DAY WEATHER/BTODAY TOMORROW SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAYHigh 29Low 21

19、High 28Low 20High 27Low 19High 26Low 17High 24Low 16Variably cloudyMainly cloudy withisolated showersending in the afternoonSunny with cloudyperiods developingin the afternoonThundershowers(POP80%)Windy with thunder-showers and possiblystorm in the northSunrise: 6:35 a. m.Sunset: 8:04 p. m.Sunrise:

20、6:36 a. m.Sunset: 8:02 p. m.Sunrise: 6:38 a. m.Sunset: 8:00 p. m.Sunrise: 6:40 a. m.Sunset: 7:57 p. m.Sunrise: 6:42 a. m.Sunset: 7:55 p. m.（分数：10.00）(1).Which day is best for a picnic based on the information in the table? A. Friday B. Saturday C. Sunday D. Monday（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does “POP“

21、 probably mean? A. Place of presence B. Patterns of presence C. Period of presence D. Probability of presence（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Disastrous weather may occur on _. A. Friday B. Saturday C. Monday D. Tuesday（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What trend can be found from the information given in the table? A. The

22、days are becoming longer. B. The nights are getting longer. C. The days are growing warmer. D. The weather is turning better.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What day has the greast temperature difference between day and night? A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Saturday D. Sunday（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：

23、10.00)In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is comp

24、leted, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierc

25、e competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are

26、served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive“ shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board fo

27、r rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyones cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, s

28、hippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. Its theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which comp

29、anies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to he the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?“ asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be his with a round of huge rate increa

30、ses. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortuning fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Cons

31、ider the $10. 2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrails net railway operating income in 1996 was just $ 427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Whos going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will,

32、as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.（分数：10.00）(1).According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because _. A. cost reduction is based on competition. B. services call for cross-trade coordination. C. outside competitors will continue to exist. D. shipp

33、ers will have the railway by the throat.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is many captive shippers attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry? A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Indignant. D. Apprehensive.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that _ A. shippers will be charged

34、 less without a rival railroad. B. there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide. C. overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief. D. a government board ensures fair play in railway business.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “arbiters“(Line 6, Paragraph 4) most probably refers t

35、o those _ A. who work as coordinators. B. who function as judges. C. who supervise transact ions. D. who determine the price.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by _ A. the continuing acquisition. B. the growing traffic. C. the cheering

36、 Wall Street. D. the shrinking market.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Americans today dont place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education not to

37、pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools arent difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,“ says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance. “ Razitc

38、hs latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything hut a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind l

39、eaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will h

40、ave a less civil society. “Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,“ writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginnin

41、g of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transce

42、ndentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children : “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing. “ Mark Twains Huckleberry Finn exemplified Ame

43、rican anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized-going to school and learning to readso he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative si

44、de of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, reorder, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our countrys educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully a

45、nd militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise. “（分数：10.00）(1).What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school? A. The habit of thinking independently. B. Profound knowledge of the world. C

46、 Practical abilities for future career. D. The confidence in intellectual pursuits.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of _ A. undervaluing intellect. B. favoring intellectualism. C. supporting school reform. D. suppressing native intelligence.（分数：2.00）A.B.

47、C.D.(3).The views of Ravish and Emerson on schooling are _ A. identical. B. similar. C. complementary. D. opposite.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Emerson, according to the text, is probably _ A. a pioneer of education reform. B. an opponent of intellectualism. C. a scholar in favor of intellect. D. an advocat

48、e of regular schooling.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the author think of intellect? A. It is second to intelligence. B. It evolves from common sense. C. It is to be pursued. D. It underlies power.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions:There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Fueled by weather, wind and d