【考研类试卷】工程硕士(GCT)英语-193及答案解析.doc

1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-193 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.As early as 1637 Ohio made a decision that free, tax supported schools must be established in every town _ 40 households or more.（分数：2.00）A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had2.All flights _ because of the snowsto

2、rm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.（分数：2.00）A.had been canceledB.have been canceledC.were canceledD.having been canceled3.We are all for your proposal that the discussion _.（分数：2.00）A.be put offB.was put offC.should put offD.is to put off4.Hes watching TV? Hes _ to be cleaning h

3、is room.（分数：2.00）A.knownB.supposedC.regardedD.considered5.In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _ for living expenses.（分数：2.00）A.acceptableB.availableC.advisableD.applicable6.Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every ni

4、ght, no matter what we _ during the day.（分数：2.00）A.should have doneB.would have doneC.may have doneD.must have done7.Im sure he is up to the job _ he would give his mind to it.（分数：2.00）A.if onlyB.in caseC.untilD.unless8.People appreciate _ with him because lie has a good sense of humor.（分数：2.00）A.to

5、 workB.to have workedC.workingD.having worked9.I hate people who _ the end of a film that you havent seen before.（分数：2.00）A.revealB.rewriteC.reviseD.reverse10.The man in the comer confessed to _ a lie to the manager of the company.（分数：2.00）A.have toldB.be toldC.being toldD.having told二、Part Reading

6、Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away- straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other

7、satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest (

8、害虫) problems.Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where

9、plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the rene

10、wed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States.“ says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray J

11、ackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.（分数：10.00）(1).Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they a

12、re _.（分数：2.00）A.sprayed with pesticidesB.facing an infrared scannerC.in poor physical conditionD.exposed to excessive sun rays(2).In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to _.（分数：2.00）A.estimate the damage to the cropsB.measure the size of the affected areaC.draw

13、 a color-coded mapD.locate the problem area(3).Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by _.（分数：2.00）A.resorting to spot-sprayingB.consulting infrared scanning expertsC.transforming poisoned rainD.detecting crop problems at an early stage(4).The application of infrared scanning technolog

14、y to agriculture met with some difficulties: _.（分数：2.00）A.the lack of official supportB.its high costC.the lack of financial supportD.its failure to help increase production(5).Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of _.（分数：2.00）A.the desire of farmers to improve th

15、e quality of their produceB.growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on cropsC.the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureD.full support from agricultural expertsAfter a 300 million yuan renovation project, Lidai Diwang Miao, or the Imperial Temple of Emperors of Successive

16、Dynasties, was reopened to the public last weekend.Originally constructed about 470 years ago, during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, the temple was used by emperors of both the Ming and Qing to offer sacrifices to their ancestors.It underwent two periods of renovation in the Qing

17、Dynasty, during the reigns of emperors Yongzheng and Qianlong. From 1929 until early 2000, it was part of Beijing No. 159 Middle School.The temples Jingdechongsheng Hall contains stone tablets memorializing 188 Chinese emperors. The jinzhuan bricks used to pave the floor, the same as those used in t

18、he Forbidden City, are finely textured and golden-yellow in color. According to Xi Wei, an official from the Xicheng District government present at the reopening of the temple, jinzhuan bricks were made in Yuyao, Suzhou, specially for imperial use.The renovation was done strictly according to that c

19、arried our at the orders of Emperor Qianlong, and only those sections of the temple too damaged to repair have been replaced.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the verb form of the word “renovation“ mean in Paragraph 1?（分数：2.00）A.Reform.B.Rearrange.C.Retreat.D.Restor(2).Which of the following statements is TRU

20、E?（分数：2.00）A.The temple is still not reopened yet to the public.B.The jinzhuan bricks were made in Hangzhou for imperial use.C.The jinzhuan bricks used to pave the wall in the temple.D.The temple was at first constructed 470 years ago.(3).How long has Lidai Diwang Miao been in part of a middle schoo

21、l in Beijing?（分数：2.00）A.470 years.B.159 years.C.71 years.D.188 years.(4).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The temple has a long history.B.The renovation of the temple was easy with modem technology.C.The bricks in the temple are not so valuable as those in the Forbidden city.D.The renov

22、ation was done according to the orders of Emperor Qianlon(5).Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.The renovation project cost 300 million yuan.B.The temple was once a part of Beijing No. 159 Middle School.C.Those parts of the temple too destroyed to repair are still

23、there.D.The temple was built about 470 years ago.The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the o

24、pposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitm

25、ent (承担的义务), self-improvement.Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, ex

26、citement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word “fun“ to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have c

27、hildren never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our

28、 happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.（分数：10.00）(1).According to

29、 the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _.（分数：2.00）A.he is reluctant to take on family responsibilitiesB.he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC.he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD.he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitemen

30、t(2).Raising children, in the authors opinion, is _.（分数：2.00）A.a moral dutyB.a thankless jobC.a rewarding taskD.a source of inevitable pain(3).From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _.（分数：2.00）A.hatredB.misunderstandingC.prejudiceD.ignorance(4).To understand what true happi

31、ness is one must _.（分数：2.00）A.have as much fun as possible during ones lifetimeB.make every effort to liberate oneself from painC.put up with pain under all circumstancesD.be able to distinguish happiness from fun(5).What is the author trying to tell us?（分数：2.00）A.Happiness often goes hand in hand w

32、ith pain.B.One must know how to attain happiness.C.It is important to make commitments.D.It is pain that leads to happiness.While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least in getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than 2 m

33、illion people have left the rolls since 1994.In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 pe

34、rcent-twice the national average.For advocates (代言人) for the poor, thats an indication much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any better,“ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysi

35、s of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as

36、well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,“ says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. Its beginning to rebuild th

37、e work ethic (道德观), which is much more important.“Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked“, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage, it can be seen that the author _.（分数：2.00）A.believes the r

38、eform has reduced the governments burdenB.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC.is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformD.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful(2).Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（分数：2.00）A.Because m

39、any families are divorced.B.Because government aid is now rare.C.Because their wages are low.D.Because the cost of living is risin(3).What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _.（分数：2.00）A.greater efforts should be made to improve peoples living standardsB.70 percent of the peop

40、le there have been employed for two yearsC.40 percent of the population no longer relies on welfareD.the living standards of most people are going down(4).From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _.（分数：2.00）A.saving welfare fundsB.rebuilding the work ethicC.providing more jobsD.cutting g

41、overnment expenses(5).According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _.（分数：2.00）A.the poverty rate was lowerB.average living standards were higherC.the average worker was paid higher wagesD.the poor used to rely on government aid七、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Until recently most h

42、istorians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They (31) that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the (32) man. But they insisted that its (33) results during the period from 1740 to 1840 were widespread poverty and misery for the (34) of the En

43、glish population. (35) contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1640 to 1740, when England was still a (36) agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, (37) is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists (38) history and economics, have (39) two things: t

44、hat the period from 1640 to 1740 was (40) by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.（分数：20.00）A.admittedB.believedC.claimedD.predictedA.plainB.averageC.meanD.normalA.momentaryB.promptC.instantD

45、.immediateA.bulkB.hostC.grossD.magnitudeA.OnB.WithC.ForD.ByA.broadlyB.thoroughlyC.generallyD.completelyA.howeverB.meanwhileC.thereforeD.moreoverA.atB.inC.aboutD.forA.manifestedB.approvedC.shownD.speculatedA.notedB.impressedC.labeledD.marked八、Part Dialogue Comp(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.Peter: Havent seen y

46、ou for weeks. _.Pat: Can t complain.（分数：2.00）A.Im very happy to see you again.B.How are things?C.Fancy meeting you here.D.Have you been very busy?12.Max: I never knew Nick is so fault-finding.Scott: You didnt? _（分数：2.00）A.Ive known him for some time.B.What a shame.C.Bless you.D.Im fed up with his co

47、mplaints.13.James: Hey, how was the Italian restaurant you tried last night?Bill: It was wonderful. _（分数：2.00）A.They offer very cheap food.B.I highly recommend it.C.I bet I like it.D.They dont have seafoo14.Receptionist: _Caller: Hello. Id like to book a double-room for next weekend.（分数：2.00）A.Hello

48、. Can I help you?B.Just a moment, please.C.Good morning, Royal Hotel.D.Hello. This is Joanne Taylor speakin15.Jean: Hello, Wilson, this is Jean. Listen, Wilson.Ted: _（分数：2.00）A.Just a minute, let me get a pencil.B.I beg your pardon. Who is it, please?C.Speaking.D.Good morning. Greenwood Car Rental.1

49、6.Man: _Woman: No but its a non-smoking section, Im afraid.（分数：2.00）A.Cigarette?B.Mind if I have a smoke here?C.Is this a smoking zone?D.Is smoking allowed in here?17.Man: Whats the noise upstairs?Woman: It seems theyre wrestling.Man: _（分数：2.00）A.I cant stand it any more.B.I dont like it.C.What a shame!D.Its a storm in a tea cup.18.A: May I use your phone for a local call?B. _, sir!（分数：2.00）A.Ask m