【考研类试卷】工程硕士(GCT)英语-299及答案解析.doc

1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-299 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Whats your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom (1) events much earlier than the year or so before entering

2、 school, (2) children younger than three or four (3) retain any specific, personal experiences.A variety of explanations have been (4) by psychologists for this “ childhood amnesia “ . One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is (5) for formling memories, does not mature until

3、about the age of two. But the most popular theory (6) that, since adults dont think like children, they cannot (7) childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or (8) one event follows another as in a novel or film. (9) , when they search through their mental (

4、10) for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they dont find any that fit the (11) . Its like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new (12) for childhood amnesia. She argues that there sim

5、ply arent any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone elses spoken (13) of their personal (14) in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten (15) of them into long-term memories. (16) , children have to talk about their (17) and he

6、ar others talk about themMother talking about the afternoon (18) looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this (19) reinforcement, says Dr.Simms, children cannot form (20) memories of their personal experiences.（分数：10.00）(1).A figure B interpret C

7、recall D affirm（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A since B even if C as though D just as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A largely B rarely C merely D really（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A refuted B defied C proposed D witnessed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A responsible B suitable C favorable D available（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A declines B ass

8、esses C estimates D maintains（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A reflect B attain C access D acquire（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A narratives B forecasts C communications D descriptions（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A Hence B However C Thus D Even（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A deposits B beams C flashes D files（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A mo

9、del B pattern C frame D formula（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A emphasis B assertion C explanation D assumption（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A description B manipulation C regulation D coordination（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A instincts B feelings C sensations D experiences（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A impressions B beliefs C m

10、inds D insights（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A In all senses B In some cases C In other words D In all aspects（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A influence B maintenance C existence D experiences（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A taken B utilized C applied D spent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A habitual B verbal C unique D particular（分数：

11、0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A permanent B mental C spiritual D conscious（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Violent criminals with something to hide have more reason than ever to be paranoid about a tap on the shoulder which could send them to jai

12、l. Queensland police are working through a backlog of unsolved murders with some dramatic success. Greater cooperation between the public and various law enforcement agencies is playing a role, but new genetic-testing techniques are the real key to providing the vital evidence to mount a prosecution

13、Evidence left behind at the scene of any murder is guaranteed to outlive the person who left it. A blood, saliva or tissue sample in the size of a pin, kept dry and out of sunlight, will last several thousand years. From it, scientific analysis now can tell accurately the sex of the person who left

14、 it.When matched against a sample from a crime suspect, it can indicate with million-to-one certainty whether the samples come from the same source. Only twins share identical DNA. So precise is the technology if the biological parents of a suspect agree to provide a sample, forensic scientists can

15、work out the rest for themselves without cooperation from the suspect.Queensland forensic scientists have been using the DNA testing technology since 1992, and last year they were recognized internationally for their competence in positive individual identification. That is part of the reason 20 of

16、Queenslands most puzzling unsolved murders dating to 1932 are being ac timely investigated. There also have been several recent arrests for unsolved murders.Forensic evidence was instrumental in charges being laid over the bashing death of waitress Tasha Douty on Brampton Island in 1983. Doutys bloo

17、d-splattered, naked body was found on a nude sunbathing beach at Dinghy Bay on the island. Footprints in the sand indicated that the killer had grappled with the 21-year-old mother who had fled up the beach before being caught and beaten to death.According to Leo Freney, the supervising forensic sci

18、entist at the John Tonge Centre at Brisbanes Griffith University, DNA testing has become an invaluable tool for police, its use is in identifying and rejecting suspects. In fact, he says, it eliminates more people than it convicts.“ It is easily as good as fingerprints for the purpose of identificat

19、ion, “ he says. “In the case of violent crime it is better than fingerprints. You cant innocently explain things like blood and semen at a crime scene where you may be able to innocently explain fingerprints. “ In Queensland, a person who has been arrested on suspicion of an offence can be taken bef

20、ore a magistrate and ordered to provide a sample of body fluid by :force if necessary.（分数：10.00）(1).What is implied in the first sentence of Paragraph 1 ?A Law punishments are always slow.B Justice has long arms.C Everyone is equal before the law.D A burnt child dreads the fire.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).

21、In Queensland, dramatic progress made in investigating unresolved murders is because of_.A the greater cooperation between suspects and policeB the simplification of the criminal prosecution processC forensic scientists ability in positive individual identificationD new techniques in finding footpri

22、nts of murders（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Evidence left behind at the scene of a crime is all of the following EXCEPT_.A blood B tissue C footprints D pin（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can be inferred from the text?A Criminal evidence could be kept well in dry and warm places.B The high accuracy of genetic test

23、ing lies in DNAs uniqueness.C DNA testing provides the vital evidence in Tasha Douty Case.D Fingerprints are better than DNA to convict suspects.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).By the use of new technology, forensic scientists can_.A work out the result of DNA completely by themselvesB eliminate more suspects

24、than identify themC tell the appearance of a murder from the evidence leftD order the suspect to provide a sample of body fluid by law（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)What would happen to the U. S. economy if all its commercial banks suddenly closed their doors? Throughout most of American h

25、istory, the answer would have been a disaster of epic proportions, akin to the Depression wrought by the chain-reaction bank failures in the early 1930s. But in 1993 the startling answer is that a shutdown by banks might be far from cataclysmic.Consider this: though the economic recovery is now 27 m

26、onths old, not a single net new dollar has been lent to business by banks in all that time. Last week the Federal Reserve reported that the amount of loans the nations largest banks have made to businesses fell an additional $ 2. 4 billion in the week ending June 9, to $ 274. 8 billion. Fearful that

27、 the scarcity of bank credit might sabotage the fragile economy, the White House and federal agencies are working feverishly to encourage banks to open their lending windows. In the past two weeks, government regulators have introduced steps to make it easier for banks to lend.Is the governments con

28、cern fully justified? Who really needs banks these days? Hardly anyone, it turns out. While banks once dominated business lending, today nearly 80% of all such loans come from nonbank lenders like life insurers, brokerage firms and finance companies. Banks used to be the only source of money in town

29、 Now businesses and individuals can write checks on their insurance companies, get a loan from a pension fund, and deposit paychecks in a money-market account with a brokerage firm. “It is possible for banks to die and still have a vibrant economy,“ says Edward Furash, a Washington bank consultant.

30、The irony is that the accelerating slide into irrelevance comes just as the banks racked up record profits of $ 43 billion over the past 15 months, creating the illusion that the industry is staging a comeback. But that income was not the result of smart lending decisions. Instead of earning money b

31、y financing Americas recovery, the banks mainly invested their funds-on which they were paying a bargain-basement 2% or so-in risk-free Treasury bonds that yielded 7%. That left bank officers with little to do except put their feet on their desks and watch the interest roll in.Those profits may have

32、 come at a price. Not only did bankers lose many loyal customers by withholding credit, they also inadvertently opened the door to a herd of nonbank competitors, who stampeded into the lending market. “The banking industry didnt see this threat,“ says Furash. “They are being fat, dumb and happy. The

33、y didnt realize that banking is essential to a modern economy, but banks are not./（分数：10.00）(1).In the eyes of the writer, bank failures in the early 1930sA brought about an economic crisis.B destroyed the whole U. S economy.C contributed to economic recovery.D exerted no influence on economy.（分数：2.

34、00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the attitude of the government towards the current situation in which commercial banks are caught?A Indignant.B Ironical.C Apprehensive.D Skeptical.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The role of commercial banks are being dramatically marginalized becauseA the government no longer gave supp

35、ort to banking industries.B bank officers were misled by unwise loaning strategies.C insurance companies have taken over part of the business.D outside competitors invaded the business aggressively.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the text, what surprises the writer is that commercial banks fail to

36、A see its role in a modern economy.B perceive the danger involved.C appreciate their hard-earned profits.D realize the value of customers.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following may be the best title for this text?A Banks on the Cliff.B Banks in Ruins.C Banks in Conflict.D Banks at Ease.（分数：2.00

37、A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The road to controlling population growth in the 20th century was paved with good intentions and unpleasant policies that did not work, a new book argues an historian who grew up as the youngest of eight children might well be expected to approach the question of whe

38、ther the world is overpopulated from an unusual angle. Matthew Connelly, a professor at Columbia University, dedicates his study of those who thought the planet had too many people and tried to do something about it to his parents, “for having so many children“.Yet, he assures the reader, it Was not

39、 his personal experience of large families that drew him to the subject. Mr. Connellys mentor, Paul Kennedy of Yale University, believed it was necessary to look beyond great-power rivalries to understand the post-cold-war era. In 1994 the pair wrote an article for Atlantic Mouthly arguing that popu

40、lation growth in poor countries, increasing awareness of global economic inequality and the prospect of mass migration could lead to clashes between the West and “the rest“.When, years later, Mr. Connelly began his own book on population growth, he still thought of the topic as a way to offer a broa

41、der understanding of world security. He ended up writing a very different-and angry-book, one about people who looked at the human race reproducing itself and saw what a gardener sees when looking at a prize plant: something to be encouraged to bloom in some places and pruned in others.As the world

42、population soared, the population controllers came to believe they were fighting a war, and there would be collateral damage. Millions of devices were exported to poor countries although they were known to cause infections and sterility. “Perhaps the individual patient is expendable in the general s

43、cheme of things,“ said a participant at a conference on the devices organized in 1962 by the Population Council, a research institute founded by John D Rockefeller, “particularly if the infection she acquires is sterilizing but not lethal. “Furthermore, statistical estimates suggest that as much as

44、90% of the reason that women have families of a particular size is simply because that is the number of children they want. Where women gained education and rights, birth rates fell. As with reproduction itself, for people to become less fruitful, desire must precede performance.（分数：10.00）(1).Which

45、one of the following is NOT true about Matthew Connelly?A He is the youngest of 8 children in the family and grew up to be an historian.B He is expected to address the population problem from a different perspective.C His personal experience of large families is the reason why he wants to do researc

46、h in population.D He wants to dedicate his research to his parents.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which one of the following is true according to Connellys book in 19947A Population growth reflects the powers of great nations.B Population growth became a problem for human being after the cold war.C Population

47、 growth in underdeveloped countries may deepen economic inequality.D Population growth lead to different controlling policies and these policies lead to clashes.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “pruned“ ( Line 5, Para. 3) most probably means_.A to foster the growth ofB to remove from, esp. by cutting o

48、ffC to inspire with the courage or confidenceD to express strong disapproval of（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the main idea of Paragraph 4 ?A Some elated problems arise when world population increases quickly.B Rapid population growth may have the potential to cause a war.C Many birth control methods are potentially lethal.D Most birth control devices would not endanger peoples lives.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, what might be a better way to control population?A To estimate the population trend with statistics.B To control the size of a family as a wh