1、湖南师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2012年及答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.Queensland (分数:1.00)_2.Quebec (分数:1.00)_3.Santa Claus (分数:1.00)_4.Sir Walter Scott (分数:1.00)_5.Stamp Tax (分数:1.00)_6.Standard & Poor“s (分数:1.00)_7.Suez Canal (分数:1.00)_8
2、.Sydney (分数:1.00)_9.Vancouver (分数:1.00)_10.West Indies (分数:1.00)_11.phonetics (分数:1.00)_12.translation after sense (分数:1.00)_13.Eurasia Land Bridge (分数:1.00)_14.monetary integration (分数:1.00)_15.Europe“s sovereign-debt crisis (分数:1.00)_三、SECTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.载人航天 (分数:1.00)_17.行政问责
3、 (分数:1.00)_18.公务接待费 (分数:1.00)_19.法人代表 (分数:1.00)_20.蜗居 (分数:1.00)_21.富二代 (分数:1.00)_22.工业“三废” (分数:1.00)_23.潜规则 (分数:1.00)_24.发动机排量 (分数:1.00)_25.公民健康档案 (分数:1.00)_26.全球化 (分数:1.00)_27.增值税 (分数:1.00)_28.住房信贷政策 (分数:1.00)_29.颐和园 (分数:1.00)_30.法律硕士 (分数:1.00)_四、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、SECTION A ENGLISH
4、 TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)31.World food prices are pushing higherthe United Nations overall food index shows a 28.3% annual increase, with cereals up 44.1%sparking concerns that a new food crisis may be emerging, just three years after the last one. Does this mean the world is running out of food? The quic
5、k answer is that the world does seem to be running low on cheap food. This supply shortage stems from the failure of governments and donors over nearly three decades to fund the basic agricultural research, investments in rural infrastructure, and training for smallholder farmers necessary to push o
6、ut the productivity frontier. Until recently, world food crises have been relatively rare eventsoccurring about three times a century. The food crisis of 20072008, although scary at the time, was relatively mild by comparison. Prices for wheat, rice and maizethe staple foods that provide well over h
7、alf the world population“s energy intake directly and a good deal more indirectly via livestock productsrose 96.7% between 2006 and 2008, not approaching the spikes in the mid-1970s when corrected for inflation. Yet here we are just a few years later, talking about food prices again. (分数:60.00)_六、SE
8、CTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)32.微笑,永远是微笑者个人的专利,它既不能租,又不能买;既不能借,又不能偷。微笑,是微笑者心境的体现。这种笑脸又能产生多种功能:它能使某些人之间的生疏变成亲密,使某些人之间的隔阂变成融洽,它能使失意成为顺意,使烦恼成为愉快;它能使人们的心灵沟通,感情交融 微笑,凝聚着内心的纯洁无私,召唤着友谊与情感的到来,消化着矛盾和不快。微笑是无声的,但又胜似有声。微笑把一具心灵传递给另一具心灵。古人说:笑口常开,笑古笑今,万事一笑了之。我们可以理解为:带着微笑的赞扬,使人感到诚心,能催人奋进;带着微笑的批评,使人感到善意,能促人进步;带
9、着微笑的拒绝,使人感到理解,能帮人走出困境;带着微笑的请求,使人感到亲切,能帮人过关。 微笑是光明的,微笑的世界是文明的世界。愿每一个人都多一点微笑,少一点忧愁。 (分数:60.00)_湖南师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2012年答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.Queensland (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Queensland 昆士兰州2.Quebec (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Qu
10、ebec 魁北克3.Santa Claus (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Santa Claus 圣诞老人4.Sir Walter Scott (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Sir Walter Scott 沃尔特司各特爵士5.Stamp Tax (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Stamp Tax 印花税6.Standard & Poor“s (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Standard & Poor“s 标准普尔7.Suez Canal (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Suez Canal 苏伊士运河8.Sydney (分数:1.00)_正确答
11、案:()解析:Sydney 悉尼9.Vancouver (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Vancouver 温哥华10.West Indies (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:West Indies 西印度群岛11.phonetics (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:phonetics 语音学12.translation after sense (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:translation after sense 翻译后的意义13.Eurasia Land Bridge (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Eurasia Land Bridge 欧
12、亚大陆桥14.monetary integration (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:monetary integration 货币一体化15.Europe“s sovereign-debt crisis (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Europe“s sovereign-debt crisis 欧洲主权债务危机三、SECTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.载人航天 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:载人航天 manned space flight17.行政问责 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:行政问责 administr
13、ative accountability18.公务接待费 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:公务接待费 expenditure for official acception19.法人代表 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:法人代表 legal representative20.蜗居 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:蜗居 Snail House21.富二代 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:富二代 affluent second generation22.工业“三废” (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:工业“三废”three wastes in the indus
14、try23.潜规则 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:潜规则 latent rule24.发动机排量 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:发动机排量 engine discharge25.公民健康档案 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:公民健康档案 Citizen“s Health Records26.全球化 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:全球化 Globalization27.增值税 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:增值税 value-added tax28.住房信贷政策 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:住房信贷政策 credibility poli
15、cy of housing29.颐和园 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:颐和园 the Summer Place30.法律硕士 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:法律硕士 Master of Law四、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)31.World food prices are pushing higherthe United Nations overall food index shows a 28.3% annual increase, with cereals
16、up 44.1%sparking concerns that a new food crisis may be emerging, just three years after the last one. Does this mean the world is running out of food? The quick answer is that the world does seem to be running low on cheap food. This supply shortage stems from the failure of governments and donors
17、over nearly three decades to fund the basic agricultural research, investments in rural infrastructure, and training for smallholder farmers necessary to push out the productivity frontier. Until recently, world food crises have been relatively rare eventsoccurring about three times a century. The f
18、ood crisis of 20072008, although scary at the time, was relatively mild by comparison. Prices for wheat, rice and maizethe staple foods that provide well over half the world population“s energy intake directly and a good deal more indirectly via livestock productsrose 96.7% between 2006 and 2008, no
19、t approaching the spikes in the mid-1970s when corrected for inflation. Yet here we are just a few years later, talking about food prices again. (分数:60.00)_正确答案:()解析:世界粮食价格正在逐步走高美国综合粮食指数年均增长 28.3%,谷物价格上涨了 44.1%,这种情况引发了人们对新一轮粮食危机的担忧,毕竟最近一次粮食危机刚刚过去三年。这是否意味着世界上的粮食将要消耗殆尽? 要立即作答的话就是世界廉价的粮食正在变得越来越少。在过去三十多
20、年中,政府部门以及捐助者为基础农业研究提供资金支持,在农村基础设施上进行投资,对小农户的农民开展培训以提高劳动生产率,但都一事无成,从而导致了廉价粮食的供应短缺。 一直到最近,世界粮食危机一百年之内只发生了三次,相对来讲,也算是小概率事件了。2007 年到 2008年发生粮食危机时人心惶惶,但相对来说,程度不是很严重。小麦、大米以及玉米这些主食为世界上超过一半的人口直接提供摄入能量,还有很大一部分通过畜产品间接为人们提供能量。在 2007年到 2008年期间,这些主食的价格上涨了 96.7%,不过还没有接近 20世纪 70年代中期应对通货膨胀时的峰值。 然而距离最近一次粮食危机还没几年,我们又
21、开始谈论粮食价格了。 解析 World food prices are pushing higherthe United Nations overall food index shows a 28.3% annual increase, with cereals up 44.1%sparking concerns that a new food crisis may be emerging, just three years after the last one. 本句的主句是“World food prices are pushing higher”,破折号后的部分是对前面情况的解释说明,“
22、sparking concerns that a new food crisis may be emerging”作结果状语,其中包含一个 that引导的同位语从句,最后是时间状语。 “food”可以翻译为“食物,食品”,但我们综合全文考虑,文章提到的都是谷物之类的粮食,所以翻译为“粮食”最佳。 世界粮食价格正在逐步走高美国综合粮食指数年均增长 28.3%,谷物价格上涨了 44.1%,这种情况引发了人们对新一轮粮食危机的担忧,毕竟最近一次粮食危机刚刚过去三年。 This supply shortage stems from the failure of governments and dono
23、rs over nearly three decades to fund the basic agricultural research, investments in rural infrastructure, and training for smallholder farmers necessary to push out the productivity frontier. 本句较长,看似复杂,实则结构很简单。主语是“the supply shortage”,谓语动词是“stem from”,宾语是“the failure”,而 of后的限定成分由三部分构成,第一个是“governme
24、nts and donors”,其后接一个目的状语“to fund the basic agricultural research”,第二个是“investments”,第三个是“training”,其后接目的状语“to push out the productivity frontier”。 “failure”的本义是“失败,失灵”,但在翻译中我们要灵活运用,在这里引申为“一事无成”,是对三种措施都以失败告终的表达。 在过去三十多年中,政府部门以及捐助者为农业基础研究提供资金支持,在农村基础设施上进行投资,对小农户的农民开展培训以提高劳动生产率,但都一事无成,从而导致了廉价粮食的供应短缺。
25、在英汉翻译中,要灵活运用词类转换的方法,本句主句结构简单,动词较少,名词运用较多,如“failure”,“investments”和“training”,在翻译中转化为动词形式更加有利于句子的衔接与内容的表达。六、SECTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)32.微笑,永远是微笑者个人的专利,它既不能租,又不能买;既不能借,又不能偷。微笑,是微笑者心境的体现。这种笑脸又能产生多种功能:它能使某些人之间的生疏变成亲密,使某些人之间的隔阂变成融洽,它能使失意成为顺意,使烦恼成为愉快;它能使人们的心灵沟通,感情交融 微笑,凝聚着内心的纯洁无私,召唤着友谊与情感的到来,消化
26、着矛盾和不快。微笑是无声的,但又胜似有声。微笑把一具心灵传递给另一具心灵。古人说:笑口常开,笑古笑今,万事一笑了之。我们可以理解为:带着微笑的赞扬,使人感到诚心,能催人奋进;带着微笑的批评,使人感到善意,能促人进步;带着微笑的拒绝,使人感到理解,能帮人走出困境;带着微笑的请求,使人感到亲切,能帮人过关。 微笑是光明的,微笑的世界是文明的世界。愿每一个人都多一点微笑,少一点忧愁。 (分数:60.00)_正确答案:()解析:Smile is the patent of its owner. It can not be hired or bought, nor can be borrowed and
27、 stolen. Smile is the embodiment of the mood of the smiling people. It can boast of many functions: making people become intimate, removing the estrangement to foster harmonious relationship, replacing the disappointment with satisfaction and changing distress into happiness. It can bridge the souls
28、 and mingle the feelings. Embodying the purity and selflessness of the inner heart, smile beckons friendship and emotion, and meantime dispels contradiction and displeasure. Though being silent, it“s more better than it. Smile can link one soul to the other. The ancient people said that one should g
29、rin at any time and smile at the ancient as well as the current as you will feel relieved at everything with smile. It can be interpreted as the following: praise with a smile can extend sincerity to others and also spur people to strengthen them. Criticism with a smile can show your kindness and he
30、lp people make progress. Refuse with a smile can make people understandable and help them out of the trouble. Pray with smile can make people feel warm and help them go through difficulties. Smile is bright and a smiling world is a civilized one. May everyone smile more and frown less. 解析 微笑,永远是微笑者个人的专利,它既不能租,又不能买;既不能借,又不能偷。 本句根据句意可以分为两部分。第一部分是“微笑,永远是微笑者个人的专利”,是对微笑的内涵介绍。第二部分是“它既不能租,又不能买;既不能借,又不能偷”,是对前面的解释说明。在第二部分的句子中,汉语使用的是主动句,但实际含义是被动的意思,即“微笑不能被租,不能被买;不能被借,不能被偷”,它自己是无法行动的,所以在翻译时要使用被动的形式。 Smile is the patent of its owner. It can not be hired or bought, nor can be
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