【考研类试卷】考博医学英语-394及答案解析.doc

1、考博医学英语-394 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：3，分数：15.00)（分数：5.00）A.At a gas stationB.At a bank.C.At a hospitalD.At a schoolA.She wants to win the race.B.She is tired of losing.C.She doesn“t want to disappoint her family.D.Her sister is waitingA.Barry no l

2、onger lives in ChicagoB.Barry doesn“t know how to economize.C.The woman called Barry in California.D.The woman didn“t ever meet Barry.A.Two hoursB.Four hoursC.Six hoursD.Eight hoursA.She enjoys making up stories about other people.B.She can never keep anything to herself for long.C.She is eager to s

3、hare news with the woman.D.She is the best informed woman in town.（分数：5.00）A.A play.B.A movie.C.A lecture.D.A concert.A.Three-quarters of an hour.B.Half an hour.C.A quarter of an hour.D.Ten minutes.A.He fell.B.He had a fight.C.He was killed.D.He was punished.A.The upper branches were too high for th

4、e woman.B.The lower branches didn“t have any green apples.C.The apples on the top branches weren“t ripe.D.In one week, there would be more apples.A.Away from home.B.In the armyC.At a distant college.D.At camp.（分数：5.00）A.Dr. Smith“s waiting room isn“t tidy.B.Dr. Smith enjoys reading magazines.C.Dr. S

5、mith has left a good impression on her.D.Dr. Smith may not be a good choice.A.The man will rent the apartment when it is available.B.The man made a bargain with the landlady over the rent.C.The man insists on having a look at the apartment first.D.The man is not fully satisfied with the apartment.A.

6、Packing up to go abroad.B.Drawing up a plan for her English course.C.Brushing up on her English.D.Applying for a visa to the United Sates.A.He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.B.He doesn“t think high blood pressure is a problem for him.C.He was not aware of his illness until dia

7、gnosed with it.D.He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.A.To investigate the cause of AIDS.B.To raise money for AIDS patients.C.To rally support for AIDS victims in Africa.D.To draw attention to the spread of AIDS in Asia.三、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）

8、A.Different methods of pollination.B.One example of an evolutionary strategy.C.The food supply of the hummingbird.D.Hummingbirds and hawk moths.A.It grows in a very cool climate.B.It is extremely difficult to grow.C.Its blossoms change color.D.Its nectar is bright red.A.They prefer warmer weather.B.

9、There are not enough moths to eat.C.They are looking for brighter flowers.D.They don“t want to be caught by other pollinators.(4).When is the scarlet jilia plant pollinated?（分数：1.00）A.Mid-July.B.July.C.Late August.D.At least in September.A.They resemble other moths.B.They emit a fragrant odor.C.They

10、 scare off other pollinators.D.They are highly visible at night.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.B.To reform railroad management in western European countries.C.To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.D.T

11、o set up an express train network throughout Europe.A.Major European airlines will go bankrupt.B.Europeans will pay much less for traveling.C.Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.D.Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.A.Train

12、 travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.B.Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.C.Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.D.Traveling by train may be as quick as or even quicker than by air.A.In 1981.B.In 1989.C.In 1990.D.In200

13、0.(5).Which following statement is wrong according to the speaker.“?（分数：1.00）A.On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains.B.The speed train service between Paris and Lyons achieved higher and higher speeds.C.The train passengers will arrive at their destina

14、tion first.D.The 21 century may be the new age of the train.六、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.They are motorcycles designated for water sports.B.They are speedy boats restricted in narrow waterways.C.They are becoming an efficient form of water transportation.D.They are getting more popular a

15、s a means of water recreation.A.Water scooter operators“ lack of experience.B.Vacationers“ disregard of water safety rules.C.Overloading of small boats and other craft.D.Carelessness of people boating along the shore.A.They scare whales to death.B.They produce too much noise.C.They discharge toxic e

16、missions.D.They endanger lots of water life.A.Expand operating areas.B.Restrict operating hours.C.Limit the use of water scooters.D.Enforce necessary regulations.A.Water scooters are gaining in popularity because of its high speed and safety.B.They can travel to the place a small boat cannot.C.Stric

17、t regulations on water scooter have been made.D.Every water scooter operator should be forced to attend classes in safety.七、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.The person he interviewed was _ his former schoolmate.（分数：0.50）A.no other thanB.no more thanC.none other thanD.none t

18、he less2.The bed has been _ in the family. It was my great-grandmother“s originally.（分数：0.50）A.handed outB.handed overC.handed downD.handed round3.None of us expected the chairman to _ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.（分数：0.50）A.turn inB.turn overC.turn upD.turn down4.After a long d

19、elay, she _ replying to my e-mail.（分数：0.50）A.got away withB.got back atC.got byD.got round to5.The company has capitalized _ the error of judgment made by its business competitor.（分数：0.50）A.inB.overC.withD.on6.There are still many problems ahead of us, but by this time next year we can see light at

20、the end of the _.（分数：0.50）A.battleB.dayC.roadD.tunnel7.Professor Johnson“s retirement _ from next January.（分数：0.50）A.carries into effectB.takes effectC.has effectD.puts into effect8.Many sat at the table, looked at the plate and _ her lips.（分数：0.50）A.smackedB.openedC.partedD.separated9.She“s always

21、been kind to meI can“t just turn _ on her now that she needs my help.（分数：0.50）A.my backB.my headC.my eyeD.my shoulder10.When he first started in university, he really felt at _ with his majoreconomics.（分数：0.50）A.shoreB.bankC.oceanD.sea九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.Rodman met with Tony to try and set

22、tle the dispute over his contract.（分数：0.50）A.markB.involveC.solveD.avoid12.When a man knows that he will be put into prison if he uses a potentially deadly object to rob or do harm to another person, he will think twice about it.（分数：0.50）A.passiveB.lifelongC.unhappyD.fatal13.The dean can“t see you a

23、t the moment. He is addressing the first-year students in the lecture hall.（分数：0.50）A.complaining toB.arguing withC.speaking toD.consulting with14.Floods have undermined the foundation of the ancient bridge.（分数：0.50）A.weakenedB.reachedC.spoiledD.covered15.The temperatures are somewhat lower than the

24、 average temperature in May this year.（分数：0.50）A.ratherB.veryC.a littleD.less16.Some psychologists argue that the traditional idea “spare the rod and spoil the child“ is not rational .（分数：0.50）A.helpfulB.kindC.sensibleD.effective17.He must not allow this unusual barrier to stop him from fighting aga

25、inst the enemy.（分数：0.50）A.interiorB.obstacleC.interruptionD.interference18.Many of the local residents left homes to ward off the danger of flooding.（分数：0.50）A.overcomeB.encloseC.encounterD.avoid19.I found this very profitable in diminishing the intensity of narrow-minded prejudice.（分数：0.50）A.lessen

26、ingB.reflectingC.removingD.increasing20.Personality in Americans is further complicated by successive waves of immigration from various countries.（分数：0.50）A.uninterruptedB.successfulC.forcefulD.overwhelming十、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Have you ever gone to a concert and realized that your seats were

27、right next to the booming speakers? Are you guilty 1 turning up the volume on your portable cassette or CD player to drown out the whining of your little brother? Sometimes it“s difficult to avoid loud music or noises, but they can be bad news because loud noises can 2 temporary or permanent hearing

28、 loss. Extremely loud music and noises that go on for long periods of time are common causes of deafness. If a noise is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself 3 , there is a 4 that the mechanism inside your ear can be injured. Temporary heating loss can happen after you“ve been exposed to l

29、oud noise for only 15 minutes. If you have temporary hearing loss, you won“t be able to hear as 5 as you normally can, and you may have tinnitus, which is a fancy word for ringing in the ears. Your ears call feel “full“, too. 6 , these things usually go away and your heating soon return to normal. P

30、ermanent hearing loss can happen when someone is exposed to loud noise over and over. Construction workers and people who work in factories must 7 ear protectors because the equipment they use can be extremely loud. But even some lawn mowers and power tools can permanently 8 a person“s ability to he

31、ar high-pitched noises and can also give him permanent tinnitus. Listening to extremely loud music over and over can also have the same effect on a person“s hearing. And using headphones on a portable cassette or CD player can be dangerous 9 if the volume is too high and the headphones are used a lo

32、t, the noise can damage the ears. The best way to avoid hearing loss is to wear ear protectors when working with machinery and earplugs when going to a concert. Headphones are OK to wear when you“re listening to music; just be sure the volume isn“t too high, and give them a rest 10 once in a while.（

33、分数：10.00）A.ofB.inC.atD.onA.increaseB.takeC.causeD.confirmA.heardB.appreciatedC.trackedD.welcomedA.meaningB.pointC.chanceD.senseA.goodB.wellC.frequentlyD.stableA.UnfortunatelyB.AccordinglyC.LuckilyD.UnexpectedlyA.bearB.hearC.wearD.tearA.affectB.effectC.offerD.showA.whileB.thoughC.becauseD.unlessA.eac

34、hB.everyC.forD.all十一、Part Reading Compre(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patientto speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by gre

35、ater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption or to promote the public interest. What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he

36、 feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Should they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacati

37、on? Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient“s own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones. Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth

38、 about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: “Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering

39、 the truth for truth“s sake, and that is “as far as possible do no harm.“ But the illusory nature of the benefits is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness,

40、 and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after surgery. There is urgent need to debate this issue ope

41、nly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to

42、become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, “What you don“t know can“t hurt you.“（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author“s opinion, lies _.（分数：1.00）A.can benefit the patients.B.can help

43、the patients to recoveryC.can do nothing to the patients“ illnessD.can not benefit the patients(2).Which of the following statements is not true?（分数：1.00）A.Most of the doctors believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition.B.The truthful information helps

44、 patients to deal with their illness.C.There is a need to discuss whether to lie or not to the patients.D.It is true that “What you don“t know can“t hurt.“(3).What is the main idea of the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.B.Neither in medicine, nor in law, go

45、vernment, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying. “What you don“t know can“t hurt you.“C.The public has every reason to be wary of professional deception.D.We need to discuss this issue in medicine, but not in other professions.(4).What does the author mainly discuss in the pa

46、ssage?（分数：1.00）A.Deception is beneficial to patients.B.Whether patients should be told the truth of their illness.C.Whether patients really want to know the truth of their illness.D.Who benefits from deception.(5).The reasons that the doctors lie to the patients are _.（分数：1.00）A.seriously ill patien

47、ts do not want to be told the truthB.informing them risks destroying their hopeC.telling truth may make them deteriorate fasterD.all the above十三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)English speakers pick up pitch in the right hemispheres of their brains, but speakers of certain other languages perceive it on t

48、he left as well. It all depends on what you want to learn from pitch, Donald Wong of the Indiana School of Medicine in Indianapolis told the meeting last week. Earlier studies have shown that when an English speaker hears pitch changes, the right prefrontal cortex leaps into action. This fits in wit

49、h the idea that emotive nuances of languagewhich in English are often carried by the rise and fall of the voiceare perceived on the fight. But in “tonal“ languages like Thai, Mandarin and Swedish, pitch not only carries emotional information, but can also alter the meaning of a word. Wong and his colleagues suspected that a speaker of tonal language would register pitch in .the left side of the brainin particular Broca“s area, which processes the linguistic content of language. To test this, the team asked English speakers a