【考研类试卷】考博英语-120及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-120 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.The United States and Canada are lands of _ except for the Indians, who are the only true natives.（分数：1.00）A.emigrantsB.immigrantsC.dwellersD.inhabitants2.European conservatives, until the end of the 19th century, rejected democr

2、atic principles and institutions. Instead they Uopted for/U monarchies or for authoritarian government.（分数：1.00）A.choseB.constructedC.conceivedD.conserved3.David _ his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their other guests.（分数：1.00）A.attributedB.contributedC.acknowledgedD.pledged4.Ame

3、ricans are highly _, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.（分数：1.00）A.movingB.mobileC.movableD.motional5.This can help to _ something that the students may not have comprehended.（分数：1.00）A.signifyB.specifyC.testifyD.clarify6.The travel agency has a full program of

4、 _, if tourists wish to visit local places of interest.（分数：1.00）A.expeditionsB.excursionsC.explorationsD.propositions7.Trees that _ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down.（分数：1.00）A.blockB.inhibitC.reviseD.alter8.We were frightened by the _ of the crowd.（分数：1.00）A.hospitalityB.honestyC.

5、humanityD.hostility9.I dont know how to interpret her remark. I think it was deliberately _.（分数：1.00）A.distinctB.ambiguousC.suspiciousD.invisible10.Violence is just one of the many problems _ in city life.（分数：1.00）A.abundantB.inherentC.substantialD.coherent11.Youve been talking with David all evenin

6、g when you ought to be _ with other guests.（分数：1.00）A.blendingB.integratingC.minglingD.incorporating12.As with a human baby, you must be patient, _ and understanding of your pets mistakes.（分数：1.00）A.tolerantB.strictC.obedientD.durable13.Economic theory would predict that a fall in the price of a com

7、modity would lead to an increase in _.（分数：1.00）A.assumptionB.resumptionC.consumptionD.presumption14.The presidents _ remarks in his speech met with a lot of attacks from other countries.（分数：1.00）A.offensiveB.impressiveC.permissiveD.expressive15.On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is aske

8、d to _ to the school rules.（分数：1.00）A.concedeB.conformC.complyD.confront16.Once the _ contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.（分数：1.00）A.principleB.principalC.potentialD.primitive17.He gave his work to his friend to _, because he found it hard to see his own mistakes.（分数：1.00）A

9、adjustB.compileC.reviseD.verify18.The room is so _ with furniture that its hard to move about.（分数：1.00）A.muddledB.clutteredC.distributedD.scattered19.Cant you speak more _ to your parents?（分数：1.00）A.respectablyB.respectinglyC.respectivelyD.respectfully20.The Austrian manufacturing industry consists

10、 of a few large organizations, many of which operate under government auspices.（分数：1.00）A.supervisionB.orientationC.regulationD.sponsorship21.I asked my mother if I could go out, and she _.（分数：1.00）A.descendedB.contentedC.consentedD.ascended22.From 1965 to 1978 American consumer prices increased at

11、an average annual rate of 5.7 percent. This ominous shift was followed by consumer price gains of 13.3 percent in 1979.（分数：1.00）A.promisingB.overwhelmingC.threateningD.astonishing23.To our disappointment, the guide also only has a slight _ with Italian.（分数：1.00）A.recognitionB.orientationC.acquaintan

12、ceD.familiarity24.Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble.（分数：1.00）A.seeminglyB.satisfactorilyC.uniformlyD.universally25.There was a noisy _ at the back of the hall when the speaker began his address.（分数：1.00）A.interactionB.irritationC.disturbanceD.interruption26.If prisoners behave well the

13、y are allowed the _ of visiting their families at the weekend.（分数：1.00）A.equalityB.securityC.privilegeD.prestige27.A good deal of the _ for his achievement in this field must go to his supervisor, Professor Fang.（分数：1.00）A.creditB.reputationC.respectD.praise28.You dont have to _ yourself. I think yo

14、u did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home.（分数：1.00）A.justifyB.hinderC.indulgeD.appoint29.The preserved food should retain palatable appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as its original nutritional value.（分数：1.00）A.tastyB.stylishC.delicateD.notable30.I arrive at nine oclock, tea

15、ch until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning _.（分数：1.00）A.habitB.customC.practiceD.routine31.The negotiations which _ the signing of the treaty took place over a number of years.（分数：1.00）A.precededB.prescribedC.proceededD.processed32.A considerable amount of time and money has bee

16、n invested in _ this system.（分数：1.00）A.definingB.implyingC.reducingD.perfecting33.Youll find that the community has _ great changes since you were here last time.（分数：1.00）A.submittedB.sustainedC.perceivedD.undergone34.If you want to go to the concert, youll have to make a _, or there will be no tick

17、ets.（分数：1.00）A.reservationB.punctualityC.complimentD.clarity35.He is a very _ character; he is never relaxed with strangers.（分数：1.00）A.self-confidentB.self-consciousC.self-evidentD.self-serving36.The patient is not in good condition, so do not _ your visit.（分数：1.00）A.lengthenB.delayC.extendD.prolong

18、37.The Barbie doll comes with a whole range of _ that you can dress her in.（分数：1.00）A.outlooksB.outlinesC.outskirtsD.outfits38.He _ his old car for a new one as soon as he had won the prize.（分数：1.00）A.replacedB.convertedC.exchangedD.interchanged39.In 1982, Hitachi was indicted for stealing confident

19、ial documents from IBM. As part of a court settlement, the company paid IBM hundreds of millions of dollars.（分数：1.00）A.condemned forB.accused ofC.disciplined forD.disapproved of40.He passed _ hours in the library; he acquired information relative to the subject he was going to expound.（分数：1.00）A.res

20、ultingB.resultativeC.resultfulD.resulting二、BPart Reading (总题数：6，分数：30.00)BDirections:/B In this part you are going to read six passages. Each of the passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each question there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Decide on the best cho

21、ice according to the passage you read and write your choice on the Answer Sheet.BPassage One/BLove cant conquer all. So, before couples tie the knot, they should know what theyre getting into. The taboo against couples living together before marriage is decreasing, and more and more people are sayin

22、g “I do“ after theyve spent months, or even years, living together.As much as a person loves another, he or she never really knows what happens behind closed doors unless he or she is standing on the other side. While some people view living together before marriage as immoral, couples are actually

23、expanding the boundaries of their relationship by moving in together. For example, the division of household responsibilities can be a major issue for newlyweds. By living together, couples can solve imbalances in the distribution of those responsibilities before someone realizes he or she has marri

24、ed a lazy bum.This may seem like a small point, but how many women and men are out there who never thought they would be the only ones cooking, washing dishes, vacuuming, mopping, scrubbing, disinfecting, cleaning laundry, dusting, etc.?One of the largest problems in marriages is the “m“ word: money

25、 If couples live together before marriage, they learn one anothers saving and spending styles. By sharing expenses, people learn not only how each person controls the purse strings but how to discuss finance matters with each other. Its important for couples to figure out budget priorities before t

26、hey are married, and this is difficult to do unless a person has been sharing expenses with his or her partner. If couples dont have their financial issues in order, they are bound to surface, causing trouble in the marriage.Its also difficult to know someone intimately without living with him or he

27、r. A special bond forms between people who share their living space; their personal belongings, and their lives together. Some things you just dont know until youve lived with someone.While some people believe living together before marriage is inappropriate, like most everything else in this .count

28、ry, it is a choice that everyone should respect. Living together can be a positive experience that will later reinforce a marriage, but it can also be something that ends a relationship. But if a relationship is going to end, its better people discover the hard truth before they marry. Even though t

29、wo people love each other and enjoy spending time together, the real question is, can you live together? People might want to find out before they make the serious decision to marry.（分数：5.00）(1).“Tie the knot“ in the first line of the first paragraph means _.（分数：1.00）A.getting acquainted with each o

30、therB.dating each otherC.living together before marriageD.getting married(2).According to the author, through living together _.（分数：1.00）A.a couple can reinforce their loveB.a couple can learn who is better at doing the houseworkC.a couple can save some money for their marriageD.a couple can know ea

31、ch other intimately(3).To some people, living together before marriage is unacceptable because _.（分数：1.00）A.it is immoral and inappropriateB.it may end a relationship more quicklyC.it is a shame to the couples parentsD.it will cause many social problems(4).Which of the following is not true accordin

32、g to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Living together before marriage is now more acceptable than before.B.Little household chores can cause trouble in ones marriage.C.Love is the guarantee of a happy marriage.D.Newly-weds often has many life imbalances to face.(5).An important point the author made in this p

33、assage is _.（分数：1.00）A.living together before marriage is significant; every couple should tryB.living together before marriage is a choice that should be respectedC.living together is the best way to bridge the gaps between a coupleD.living together is a symbol of the modern form of civilizationBPa

34、ssage Two/BThere were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied

35、on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, .ordering, and the taking of censuses - all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the in

36、fluence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level vari

37、ables, that are characterized by an underlying continuum or the data may represent qualitative variable, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is tool

38、 for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of proble

39、ms characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little kn

40、owledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estima

41、te characteristics of a population from knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following are counting and describing associated with?（分数：1.00）A.descriptive statisticsB.unknown variablesC.qualitative changesD.inferential statistics(2).Why does th

42、e author mention the “mother“ and “father“ in the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.to present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable wayB.to point out that parents can teach their children statisticsC.to explain that there are different kinds of variablesD.to introduce inferential s

43、tatistics(3).Which of the following is true of descriptive statistics?（分数：1.00）A.It leads to increased variability.B.It solves all numerical problems.C.It simplifies unwieldy masses of data.D.It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.(4).What is the purpose of examining a sample of

44、a population?（分数：1.00）A.to tabulate collections of dataB.to compare different groupsC.to consider all the quantitative variablesD.to predict characteristics of the entire population(5).Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?（分数：1.00）A.How to Use Descriptive StatisticsB.Appli

45、cations of Inferential StatisticsC.The Development and Use of StatisticsD.The Brawbacks of Descriptive and Inferential StatisticsBPassage Three/BThere are so many bad things about women drivers, I dont know where to start. I guess I will get the bail rolling by talking about one of my biggest pet pe

46、eves. Why do women have to wait until they are in the car and barreling down the highway at sixty miles an hour before they decide it is time to put on their makeup?Is there a law that I dont know about that says women have to do their makeup in the car because the bathroom isnt good enough for them

47、 I dont know if anyone has ever informed women, but the mirror in the car is not a makeup mirror. The mirror is used for looking at other cars and pedestrians. So please do us all a favor and do your makeup before you leave the house.The next order of business for the men should be to find out whos

48、e brilliant idea it was for women to have a phone in the car. This has disaster written all over it. Everyone knows that women cant even walk and chew gum at the same time, so how in the hell are they going to drive and talk on the phone? Why is it that every time you are sitting at a red light the

49、woman in front of you thinks this is a good time to make a phone call? “HELLO LADY. THE LIGHT IS GREEN, GET OFF THE PHONE AND GO!“ I really think we need to outlaw women using their cell phones while they drive.Another accident waiting to happen is when you get two women in the same car together. How many times have you se