【考研类试卷】考博英语-149及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-149 及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.So engrossed was the detective in considering the evidence that he completely forgot where Be was.（分数：1.00）A.wrapped upB.impressedC.disinvolvedD.impatient2.The battle is of great significance when viewed in the _ of the progress

2、of the war.（分数：1.00）A.prospectiveB.respectiveC.perspectiveD.prescriptive3.A mistake is rarely atoned for by a single apology, however profuse.（分数：1.00）A.extravagantB.producedC.divergentD.repetitious4.The burglars ransacked the room taking anything of value they found.（分数：1.00）A.demolishedB.took over

3、C.inhabitedD.thoroughly searched5.The reciprocal hatred between various members of different races underlies the difficulty of integration in the United States.（分数：1.00）A.hiddenB.profoundC.mutualD.racial6.He wears strange clothes, talks to himself, and appears unkempt. Is it any wonder his neighbors

4、 view him as an eccentric?（分数：1.00）A.a crankB.cuckooC.an anchoriteD.unconventional7.In that country, hospital doctors dont go sightseeing very often because their work _ almost all their time.（分数：1.00）A.takes upB.takes offC.takes apartD.takes over8.It has long been known that total sleep _ is 100 pe

5、rcent fatal to rats, yet, upon examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.（分数：1.00）A.depositionB.destructionC.deprivationD.reduction9.He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _ the consequences.（分数：1.00）A.answer forB.run intoC.abide byD

6、.step into10._ all customs, no matter how sacrosanct, are essentially learned reactions appropriate perhaps only to the homers thereof is a basic assumption of anthropologists.（分数：1.00）A.NearlyB.It is nearlyC.That nearlyD.When nearly11.The sound of the roaring of a tiger is _ heard by jungle dweller

7、s feelings unease, for a year does not elapse _ victims falling to the tigers ferocity.（分数：1.00）A.always. withB.ever. withoutC.ever. withD.never. without12.Although women cluster to him like moths around a flame, he is none _ happier for it.（分数：1.00）A.butB.theC.muchD.any13._ ever so humble, theres n

8、o place like home.（分数：1.00）A.It beB.Be itC.It wasD.Was it14.Disastrous forest fires are quite often caused by simple carelessness: a dropped butt ignites dead leaves.（分数：1.00）A.enflamesB.burnsC.lightsD.blackens15.The massacre of innocent people cannot ever be condoned.（分数：1.00）A.overlookedB.praiseC.

9、condemnedD.satisfied16.According to the law of that country, the Parliament will have to be _ before the General Election.（分数：1.00）A.decomposedB.dispersedC.dissolvedD.disintegrated17.The whole of the endowment was used to refurbish the school gymnasium.（分数：1.00）A.millionairesB.endorsementC.governmen

10、tsD.donations18.The speech consisted of _ phrases, well-chosen imagery, and amusing rhetorical flourishes.（分数：1.00）A.suitableB.selectedC.aptD.fit19.She was slated to present an abstract of her thesis at the national convention, and so spent the holiday _.（分数：1.00）A.touching on itB.touching it upC.to

11、uching itD.touching it down20.Reading _ the mind _ food is to the body.（分数：1.00）A.is for. is asB.as. is: asC.is to. whatD.what is. is as21.The volume knob, if turned toward the left, will _ the sound.（分数：1.00）A.magnifyB.enlargeC.amplifyD.reinforce22.Few of the young realize what feats lie _ them.（分数

12、：1.00）A.in the store forB.in store forC.waitingD.awaiting for23.Her office in the First National Bank building is provisional.（分数：1.00）A.permanentB.temporaryC.corruptD.craven24.Having reached the top of the hill, we were appalled to find the path _ precipitously.（分数：1.00）A.departedB.decreasedC.desce

13、ndedD.derailed25.Often considered in common thought as _, language, culture, and personality are in fact inseparable.（分数：1.00）A.indistinct paradigmsB.separate reasonsC.irreplaceable conceptsD.independent entities26.The Mayor asked the city council to recommend potential programs for the benefit of t

14、he indigent.（分数：1.00）A.transientB.unemployedC.homelessD.needy27.The major reason why Americans enjoy an abundant food supply is that the arable land at their disposal for food production is _.（分数：1.00）A.three times more the world averageB.three times as much the world averageC.three times the world

15、averageD.the world average is three times28.Based on economic studies, it seems possible to forecast that a recession may _ depression.（分数：1.00）A.implyB.indicateC.symbolizeD.precede29.Obviously, he decided not to say anything about it because he hoped to _.（分数：1.00）A.keep it as a secretB.keep it to

16、be a secretC.keep it a secretD.keep it being a secret30.Greeleys injunction “Go West, young man?“ resulted in a massive migration of population, with people occupying land _ no one held title of ownership and that had yet to be sold.（分数：1.00）A.to whichB.thatC.whichD.of which二、BSection B/B(总题数：10，分数：

17、10.00)31.Acids constitute a family of (chemical compounds) that, (in) (solution), have the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red, a corrosive action on metals, and (taste sharp).（分数：1.00）A.chemical compoundsB.inC.solutionD.taste sharp32.(The above) is the most important aspect (which) apes

18、 (can be told) from more (primitive) social groupings.（分数：1.00）A.The aboveB.whichC.can be toldD.primitive33.Well over (three-fourths) of that book (on) noted British writers (are) about authors who wrote during (the nineteenth) century.（分数：1.00）A.three-fourthsB.onC.areD.the nineteenth34.It is on occ

19、asion the (manner in which) a person expresses the thought (rather than) the actual words (which) tells us (whether) the speaker is serious or not.（分数：1.00）A.manner in whichB.rather thanC.whichD.whether35.(Despite) the President wrote a conciliatory letter (deploring) the incident, the press was (ad

20、amant) in continuing (its) condemnation.（分数：1.00）A.DespiteB.deploringC.adamantD.its36.(Each) employee with (a modicum of intelligence) (would be able to) undertake (such) a basic process.（分数：1.00）A.EachB.a modicum of intelligenceC.would be able toD.such37.The Quebecois, (partly because of language,

21、and partly because of religion), have (long been considering) (to separate) themselves from (the rest) of the Canadian provinces.（分数：1.00）A.partly because of language, and partly because of religionB.long been consideringC.to separateD.the rest38.The economic situation (will improve) given that ther

22、e is (forecast to be) less (unemployment) and closures than (in previous years).（分数：1.00）A.will improveB.forecast to beC.unemploymentD.in previous years39.I was (on the verge) of (incurring) Mr. Rochesters wrath by not listening to his prohibitions, (while) a ray once more shone almost (imperceptibl

23、y) on the hallway wall and I heard his muffled step on the carpet.（分数：1.00）A.on the vergeB.incurringC.whileD.imperceptibly40.The three most important issues (of concern to) citizens today are (prison reform), (abusing children), and toxic (waste).（分数：1.00）A.of concern toB.prison reformC.abusing chil

24、drenD.waste三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)BDirections:/B For each numbered bracket in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in the blank on the ANSWER SHEET.Are you always sure you know what people mean when they try to describe their feelings to you? We use both words and gestures to expres

25、s our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be interpreted in different ways.It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. SoU (41) /U. laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show theU (42) /U feeling

26、. Tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probablyU (43) /Usuch behavior patterns are inherited rather thanU (44) /U.Fear is another emotion that is shown inU (45) /Uthe same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English fiction, a phrase like “he went

27、 pale and began to tremble“ suggests that the man isU (46) /Uvery afraid or has just had a very nasty shock. However, “he opened his eyes wide“ is used to suggested anger in ChineseU (47) /Uin English it conveys surprise. In Chinese surprise can be described in a phrase like “they stretchedU (48) /U

28、their tongues“. Sticking out your tongue in U(49) /Uis an insulting gesture or expresses disgust.Even in the sameU (50) /U, people differU (51) /Utheir ability to interpret and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than menU (52) /Urecognizing fear, anger,

29、 love and happiness on peoples faces. Disgust, contempt and suffering seem to U(53) /Uthe most difficult emotions for people everywhere either to recognize or toU (54) /U. Other studies haveU (55) /Uthat older people usually findU (56) /Ueasier to interpret body language the way (people stand or mov

30、e etc. ) than younger peopleU (57) /U. And psychologists such as E. G. Beier have also shown that some people frequently give completely the wrong impression ofU (58) /Uthey feel. For instance, they try to show affection but in fact actually communicate dislike. Or when want to show interest, they g

31、ive the impression that they dont care. This can happen even among close friends and members of the same family. InU (59) /Uwords, what we think we are communicating through language, voice, face and body movement may be the exactU (60) /Uof what other people understand.（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:

32、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：30.00)BSection A/BBDirections:/B There are 3 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished stateme

33、nts. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.BPassage One/BCities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result direc

34、tly from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to the city and to which the city furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make a distinction between the situation, and

35、 the site of a city. Situation refers to the general position in relation to the surrounding region, whereas site involves physical characteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much more important to the continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its

36、hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue. Chicago, for example, possesses an almost unparalleled situation. It is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-west transportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and wate

37、r transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the worlds finest large farming regions. These factors ensured that Chicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding during thunderstorm activity.Similarly,

38、it can be argued that much of New York Citys importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation. Philadelphia and Boston both originated at about the same time as New York and shared New Yorks location at the western end of one of the worlds most important oceanic trade routes, bu

39、t only New York possesses an easy-access functional connection (the Hudson-Mohawk lowland) to the vast Midwestern hinterland. This account does not alone explain New Yorks primacy, but it does include several important factors. Among the many aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities

40、 grow and others do not, original location on a navigable waterway seems particularly applicable. Of course, such characteristic as slope, drainage, power resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help to determine city location, but such factors are normally mor

41、e significant in early stages of city development than later.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：1.00）A.The development of trade routes through United States citiesB.Contrasts in settlement patterns in United StatesC.Historical differences among three large United States citiesD.Th

42、e importance of geographical situation in the growth of United States cities(2).The passage suggests that a geographer would consider a citys soil type part of its _.（分数：1.00）A.hinterlandB.situationC.siteD.function(3).According to the passage, a citys situation is more important than its site in reg

43、ard to the citys _.（分数：1.00）A.long-term growth and prosperityB.ability to protect its citizenryC.possession of favorable weather conditionsD.need to import food supplies(4).The author mentions each of the following as an advantage of Chicagos location EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.hinterlandB.nearness to a la

44、rge lakeC.position in regard to transport routesD.flat terrain(5).The primary purpose of paragraph 1 is to _.（分数：1.00）A.summarize past research and introduce a new studyB.describe a historical periodC.emphasize the advantages of one theory over anotherD.define a term and illustrate it with an exampl

45、eBPassage Two/BThe two claws of the mature American lobster are decidedly different from each other. The crusher claw is short and stout; the cutter claw is long and slender. Such bilateral asymmetry, in which the right side of the body is, in all other respects, a mirror image of the left side, is

46、not unlike handedness in humans. But where the majority of humans are right-handed, in lobsters the crusher claw appears with equal probability on either the right side or left side of the body.Bilateral asymmetry of the claws comes about gradually. In the juvenile fourth and fifth stages of develop

47、ment, the paired claws are symmetrical and cutterlike. Asymmetry begins to appear in the juvenile sixth stage of development, and the paired claws further diverge toward well-defined cutter and crusher claws during succeeding stages. An intriguing aspect of this development was discovered by Victor Emmel. He found that if one of the paired claws is removed during the fourth or fifth stage, the intact claw invariably becomes a crusher, while the regenerated claw becomes a cutter. R