【考研类试卷】考博英语-21及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BVocabulary/B(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.In the past 10 years, the company has gradually _ all of its smaller rivals. A. engaged B. occupied C. monopolized D. absorbed（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.2.A _ translation is not always the closest to the original meaning. A. liberal B. lite

2、ral C. literary D. literate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.3.She _ herself bitterly for her behavior that evening. A. blamed B. accused C. reproached D. scolded（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.4.The students are attracted by the _ of the snow-covered mountains when they look out of the train. A. notability B. nobility C. majesty

3、D. visibility（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.5.The flowers in the vase _ because they had no water. A. withered B. wrinkled C. ripened D. prospered（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.6.She _ some salt on her food to make it taste better. A. sprinkled B. sprayed C. scattered D. dispersed（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.7.The hum of conversation _ as

4、 the chairman mounted the rostrum. A. died out B. died off C. died of D. died away（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.8.The old man was remarkably _. He was a musician, engineer, writer and philosopher. A. unilateral B. universal C. audacious D. versatile（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.9.Living in poverty, John sold for 500 dollars

5、the _ of his mothers first work which made her famous. A. document B. file C. duplicate D. manuscript（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.10.My grandmother has been ill for two months, so her health has _. A. deteriorated B. diminished C. dwindled D. lessened（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.11.He didnt notice me in the crowd, but he s

6、potted my sister who was _ because of her red hair. A. conscious B. conspicuous C. dim D. conscientious（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.12.It is _ of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed. A. considerable B. considerate C. concerned D. careful（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.13.Although the accident did

7、very little _ to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time. A. demolishment B. ruin C. destruction D. damage（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.14.He offered to _ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry. A. help B. show C. lend D. borrow（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.15.He _ interrupted me b

8、y asking many irrelevant questions. A. carelessly B. carefully C. continually D. consequently（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.16.If you dont _ smoking, youll never get better. A. give off B. give out C. giver over D. give up（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.17.Scientists have discovered a close _ between smoking and several serious

9、 diseases. A. action B. connection C. union D. combination（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.18.Despite his occasional fondness for gambling, he is still considered as a good boy _. A. as the whole B. for the whole C. by the whole D. on the whole（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.19.Weve _ sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some. A. run

10、 away with B. run out of C. run off D. run down（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.20.I cant _ him from his brother. They look very much alike. A. keep B. separate C. distinguish D. prevent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.21._ David loves his daughters, he is strict with them. A. If B. Although C. When D. For（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.22.The c

11、oncept of a loyal oppositionthe _ of modern democracyrarely prevails and, much more frequently, opposition is equated with treason and ruthlessly suppressed. A. loop B. essence C. equivalent D. velocity（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.23.Timmer is known as a touch manager who demands _ results. A. credible B. unden

12、iable C. dynamic D. tangible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.24.He has been plowing through a biography of Lyndon Johnson and a _ of Henry Kissinger. A. casualty B. criteria C. dissection D. necessity（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.25.Now the public has an unprecedented chance to peer over the shoulders of archaeologists and hist

13、orians and get a firsthand look at the _ of the Mongols and their Asian predecessors. A. legacy B. bequest C. converse D. miracle（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.26.In the search for solution to seemingly overwhelming problems, it became increasingly _ to include radical, even revolutionary ideas. A. stable B. abso

14、lute C. immortal D. plausible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.27.Researchers at Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh announced they had discovered _ evidence that a virus is involved in what used to be called juvenile diabetes. A. incessant B. compelling C. identical D. problematic（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.28.Stephen Schneider,

15、 a climatologist at Stanford, notes that unlike greenhouse gases, which _ rapidly around the globe, the sulfate droplets tend to concentrate over industrialized regions. A. unify B. fragment C. disperse D. shatter（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.29.Now the juries, and ultimately the society they speak for, have to

16、find some way to express _ at the brutality that women and children face every day. A. aggression B. extenuation C. outrage D. suppression（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.30.It was a type of urban story that continues to _ big-city dwellers forward each day, a tale of hard work and self-starting initiative, of taki

17、ng matters into ones own hands to make dreams come true. A. propel B. penetrate C. baffle D. harness（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.31.The primordial fireball would have been a dense roiling stew of radiation and elementary particles condensing out of the _ energy, annihilating each other, recondensing, then colli

18、ding and disappearing all over again. A. colossal B. audacious C. ambient D. autonomous（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.32.When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _. A. off B. aside C. out D. down（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.33.The teacher was _ both in his marking of homework and also in

19、 his treatment of offenders. A. merciful B. forgiving C. pitiful D. lenient（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.34.He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _ on what he promises. A. faith B. belief C. credit D. reliance（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.35.My students found the book _, it provided them with an abundance

20、 of information on the subject. A. enlightening B. confusing C. distracting D. amusing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.36.Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _ down the economy. A. put B. settle C. drag D. knock（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.37.In this factory the machines are n

21、ot regulated _ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system. A. independently B. individually C. irrespectively D. irregularly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.38.Every chemical change either results from energy being sued to produce the change, or causes energy to be _ in some form. A. given off B. put o

22、ut C. set off D. used up（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.39.Our corporations obligation under this _ is limited to repair or replacement. A. warranty B. license C. market D. necessity（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.40.They are a firm of good repute and have large financial _. A. reserves B. savings C. storages D. resources（分数：2.5

23、0）A.B.C.D.考博英语-21 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BVocabulary/B(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.In the past 10 years, the company has gradually _ all of its smaller rivals. A. engaged B. occupied C. monopolized D. absorbed（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别为：被占用；占领；垄断；吞并。因此，本题选 D。2.A _ translation is not always the cl

24、osest to the original meaning. A. liberal B. literal C. literary D. literate（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题空格处是说逐词逐句直译。B 项的“literal 文字的，字面的”符合题意。其他三项“liberal慷慨的，不拘泥的”，“literary 文学上的，从事写作的”，“literate 有文化的”都不正确。3.She _ herself bitterly for her behavior that evening. A. blamed B. accused C. reproached D. sc

25、olded（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 本题空格处是说痛苦地自责。C 项的“reproach 责备”符合题意。如：His mother reproached him for his bad manners(他的母亲责备他礼貌不周)。其他三项“blame 找差错，把责任归于”；“accuse 控告，谴责，非难”；“scold 责骂，严厉地且通常愤怒地责备或批评”都不正确。4.The students are attracted by the _ of the snow-covered mountains when they look out of the train. A. n

26、otability B. nobility C. majesty D. visibility（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题中，D 项的“visibility 可见度，引人注目，易被观察到”符合题意。如：an executive with high visibility.(有很大吸引力的总经理)。其他三项“notability 著名，值得注意或显赫的状态或性质，显要人物”；“nobility 高贵，崇高”；“majesty 最高权威，王权，雄伟”都不正确。5.The flowers in the vase _ because they had no water. A. wi

27、thered B. wrinkled C. ripened D. prospered（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题是说花瓶里的花因为没有水而枯萎了。A 项的“wither 凋谢，枯萎”符合题意。其他三项“wrinkle 使皱；ripen 成熟；prosper 成功，兴盛”都不正确。6.She _ some salt on her food to make it taste better. A. sprinkled B. sprayed C. scattered D. dispersed（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题是说她在食物上面撒了些盐，使它的味道

28、更好些。A 项的“sprinkle 撒于(某物表面)”符合题意。如：She sprinkled sugar on the cakes(她把糖撒在蛋糕上)。其他三项“spray 喷射，喷溅”，“scatter 分散，散开”，“disperse 分散，疏散”都不正确。7.The hum of conversation _ as the chairman mounted the rostrum. A. died out B. died off C. died of D. died away（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题是说当主席登上讲坛，说话的嗡嗡声逐渐消失。D 项的“die

29、away(声音等)逐渐消失”符合题意。如：The noise of the motorcar died away(摩托车的噪声消失了)。其他三项“die out 灭绝，消失”，“die off 相继死去直至死光”，“die of 死于”都不正确。8.The old man was remarkably _. He was a musician, engineer, writer and philosopher. A. unilateral B. universal C. audacious D. versatile（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题前半句是说这位老人非常地多才

30、多艺。D 项的“versatile 多才多艺的”符合题意。其他三项“unilateral 单边的；universal 普遍的；audacious 大胆创新的，鲁莽的”都不正确。9.Living in poverty, John sold for 500 dollars the _ of his mothers first work which made her famous. A. document B. file C. duplicate D. manuscript（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题空格处是说他母亲首部作品的手稿。D 项的“manuscript 手稿，原稿”

31、符合题意。如：When a manuscript has been accepted for publication, it is passed to an editor for detailed scrutiny(当原稿被采用出版时，便将它交与一名编辑进行仔细校阅)。其他三项“document 文件，档案，文献”，“file 文件，档案，卷宗”，“duplicate 复制品，副本”都不正确。10.My grandmother has been ill for two months, so her health has _. A. deteriorated B. diminished C. d

32、windled D. lessened（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题是说我的祖母病了两个月了，因此她的健康状况恶化了。A 项的“deteriorate 恶化”符合题意。其他三项“diminish 减少，使变小”；“dwindle 缩小”；“lessen 减少，减轻”都不正确。11.He didnt notice me in the crowd, but he spotted my sister who was _ because of her red hair. A. conscious B. conspicuous C. dim D. conscientious（分数：

33、2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题是说他没在人群中发现我，但发现了我姐姐，因为她的红发非常惹人注目。B 项的“conspicuous显著的”符合题意。如：He was conspicuous for his bravery.(他因勇敢而出名)。其他三项“conscious 有意识的”；“dim 暗淡的，模糊的”；“conscientious 尽责的”都不正确。12.It is _ of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed. A. considerable B. considerate C.

34、concerned D. careful（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 各选项的意思分别为：“considerable”意为“重大的，很多的”；“considerate”意为“考虑周到的，体贴的”；“concerned”表示“担心的”；“careful”表示“小心的”。只有 B项适合，为本题的正确答案。13.Although the accident did very little _ to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time. A. demolishment B. ruin C. d

35、estruction D. damage（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 各选项的意思分别为：“demolishment”意为“损坏”；“ruin”意为“损毁”；“destruction”为“破坏”；“damage”为“(可以修复的)损坏”。前三项均有“不可修复”或“很难修复”的意思，只有 D正确。14.He offered to _ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry. A. help B. show C. lend D. borrow（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 “lend he

36、r a hand”意为“给予帮助，助一臂之力”。C 为正确答案。15.He _ interrupted me by asking many irrelevant questions. A. carelessly B. carefully C. continually D. consequently（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 各选项的意思分别为：“carelessly”意为“粗心地”；“carefully”意为“小心地”：“continually”意为“不停地”；“consequently”意为“所以，因此”。C 为正确答案。16.If you dont _ smoking,

37、 youll never get better. A. give off B. give out C. giver over D. give up（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 各选项的意思分别为：“give off”意为“发出，冒出”；“give out”意为“发表，用完”；“give over”意为“交托，留出”；“give up”意为“放弃，交出”。D 为正确答案。17.Scientists have discovered a close _ between smoking and several serious diseases. A. action B. connec

38、tion C. union D. combination（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 B 项意为“联系”的意思，符合上下文的意思。因此，本题选 B。18.Despite his occasional fondness for gambling, he is still considered as a good boy _. A. as the whole B. for the whole C. by the whole D. on the whole（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 D 项的“on the whole”是一个固定的短语，意为“总的看来，大体上”。

39、因此，本题选D。19.Weve _ sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some. A. run away with B. run out of C. run off D. run down（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 各选项的意思分别为：“run away with”意为“与起跑掉，不受约束”；“run out of”意为“用完；从奔出”；“run off”为“跑掉，迅速写出”；“run down”意为“往下跑，健康衰退”。只有 B项适合，为本题的正确答案。20.I cant _ him from his brother. They look

40、very much alike. A. keep B. separate C. distinguish D. prevent（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 C 项的 distinguish(one from another)表示“区分，分清”的意思。因此，本题选 C。21._ David loves his daughters, he is strict with them. A. If B. Although C. When D. For（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Although 表让步关系，符合题意。所以，本题选 B。22.The concept of

41、 a loyal oppositionthe _ of modern democracyrarely prevails and, much more frequently, opposition is equated with treason and ruthlessly suppressed. A. loop B. essence C. equivalent D. velocity（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题空格处是说现代民主的本质。B 项的“essence 本质”符合题意。其他三项“loop 循环”；“equivalent 等价物”；“velocity 速度，速率”

42、都不正确。23.Timmer is known as a touch manager who demands _ results. A. credible B. undeniable C. dynamic D. tangible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题中，credible 的意思是“可信的，可靠的”；undeniable 的意思是“不可否认的”；dynamic的意思是“动态的”；tangible 的意思是“可触摸的，有形的，切实的”。四个选项中，只有 D项符合题意。24.He has been plowing through a biography of Lyndo

43、n Johnson and a _ of Henry Kissinger. A. casualty B. criteria C. dissection D. necessity（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 本题中，dissection 的意思是“剖析”；casualty 的意思是“伤亡”；criteria 的意思是“标准”；necessity 的意思是“必需品”。只有 C项符合题意。25.Now the public has an unprecedented chance to peer over the shoulders of archaeologists and his

44、torians and get a firsthand look at the _ of the Mongols and their Asian predecessors. A. legacy B. bequest C. converse D. miracle（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题空格处是说蒙古人和他们亚洲祖先的遗产。A 项的“legacy 遗产(祖先、前人或过去传下来的某种东西)”符合题意。其他三项“bequest 遗产，遗赠”；“converse 相反的事物”；“miracle奇迹”都不正确。26.In the search for solution to s

45、eemingly overwhelming problems, it became increasingly _ to include radical, even revolutionary ideas. A. stable B. absolute C. immortal D. plausible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题中，D 项的“plausible 似乎有理的”符合题意，如：a plausible excuse.(看似有理的借口)。其他三项“stable 稳定的”；“absolute 绝对的”；“immortal 不朽的”都不正确。27.Researchers

46、at Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh announced they had discovered _ evidence that a virus is involved in what used to be called juvenile diabetes. A. incessant B. compelling C. identical D. problematic（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题空格处是说发出了令人信服的证据。B 项的“compelling 强制性的，令人信服的，引人注目的”符合题意，如：compelling ambition and egotism(令人信服的志气和自负)。其他三项“incessant不断的，不停的”；“identical 同一的”；“problematic 有疑问的”都不正确。28.Stephen Schneider, a climatologist at Stanford, notes that unlike greenhouse gases, which _ rapidly around