【考研类试卷】考博英语-240及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-240 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Directions: There are many reasons for a person planning to do PhD research (for example, new experiences, career preparation, and increased knowledge). Why do you think people should pursue a doctoral degree? Write an essay of no less

2、than 200 words about your opinion on this topic. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2. （分数：20.00）_2.Directions: You are asked to write an essay on the following topic: Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school

3、. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? You should write at least 250 words. You should give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. （分数：20.00）_3.Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Us

4、e the space provided on your Answer Sheet II. TOPICWhat is the one thing that you“ve learned from doing sports which applies to all aspects of your life? Please use examples to illustrate your points. （分数：20.00）_4.Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the

5、 space provided on your Answer Sheet II. TOPICPeople who claim to have supernatural powers, like Wang Lin, Yan Xin and many others, have come and gone in the past few decades and have always had a large following. What conclusion may be drawn from this phenomenon? （分数：20.00）_5.Directions: Read the f

6、ollowing paragraph and then write a response paper of about 250 to 300 English words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET (2). When there is a heavy rain in the north of China, cities and towns are often flooded. But heavy rains in southern cities seldom pose severe problems. When there is a heavy snow

7、in the south of China, cities and towns often run into chaos. But heavy snows in the north seldom pose severe problems. What should city planners do to deal with this and what do you think of the different ways of dealing with it? （分数：20.00）_考博英语-240 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：5，分数：100.

8、00)1.Directions: There are many reasons for a person planning to do PhD research (for example, new experiences, career preparation, and increased knowledge). Why do you think people should pursue a doctoral degree? Write an essay of no less than 200 words about your opinion on this topic. Write your

9、 essay on ANSWER SHEET2. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Why we pursue doctoral program? It“s quite necessary for us to think over the following issues before we want to pursue doctoral program. First, do you want to do research? That means you“d consider the long-term goals for yourself. To study PhD program

10、is to practice your scientific research capability. Besides, do you want to work in higher-education schools and institutions? A PhD degree is the prerequisite while you want to get a position in a university. Furthermore, do you have the adequate capability to study PhD? You“d make an assessment ab

11、out yourself in terms of the undermentioned aspects. Last but not least, do bear in mind: on with a PhD hat cannot presume you to have a better job in the future. No other than you affirm that to pursue doctoral program is to enjoy study, to exceed former researchers, you would spend happily this pe

12、riod of your study life. With regard to myself, my overall study objective is to use the PhD as a vehicle to become a world-class specialist in tourism. I have got to study hard, to enlarge my scope of knowledge, to realize my potentials and to pay for my life. But most importantly, I want to be an

13、optimistic and happy person, to enjoy research.2.Directions: You are asked to write an essay on the following topic: Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadva

14、ntages? You should write at least 250 words. You should give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Nowadays, children begin to learn a second language even in kindergarten. Some professionals believe that it is better fo

15、r children to start learning a foreign language from primary school. In the following passage, I will discuss the mass advantages of it and also list some disadvantages. To some extents, it is truly beneficial that schools may offer optional L2 courses. To start with, a primary school student has mo

16、re leisure time than the one in secondary school. Scientifically speaking, as several physiological experiments published on Proceedings of the National Academy of Science have revealed, the left hemisphere of the brain, which monitors the function of language capacity, will gradually pass hand over

17、 this job to the right hemisphere when one gets older. Besides, scientists have found out that learning languages with more participation of the left hemisphere has higher efficiency and is of great help to one“s memorisation. These two findings clearly unveiled why toddlers are more adept in learni

18、ng a new language than adults. Thus, it is not uncommon to see many children with outstanding linguistic gifts grasp a secondary language as proficiently as their mother language. However, it may be hard to acquire a foreign language if a child does not understand what he/she is learning, because th

19、e recognition level is still not high enough in childhood to accomplish such a laborious task. That will not be a significant problem if the second language is taught in middle school, as teenagers are considerably more mature and have more chances being exchange students to other nations. The immer

20、sive learning atmosphere plus the clear self-image of teenagers will contribute a lot in learning a foreign language. In conclusion, it is a good news for our society that most primary schools have L2 courses. Familiarity with a foreign language in early ages is beneficial both socially and physiolo

21、gically. However, to let a pupil has better understanding in second languages, schools and parents should provide more opportunities to let them use it, thus make the learning curve increases smoothly to secondary school phase.3.Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given

22、 below. Use the space provided on your Answer Sheet II. TOPICWhat is the one thing that you“ve learned from doing sports which applies to all aspects of your life? Please use examples to illustrate your points. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：From my personal experience in doing sports, I have learned a lesson

23、 that perseverance is the key to success. This notion of life, as far as I observe, could be applied to almost all aspects of my life. I once had a very unforgettable experience in doing sports. When I was still a college student, I once took part in a running competition. In order to prepare for th

24、is race, I had practiced running for almost a month. At the day of the game, I did my utmost to run in order to win a prize for our class. At the end of the race, I was so exhausted and thirsty that I desperately wanted to give up, but my classmates in the playground all encouraged me to carry on. F

25、inally I persevered and won a third prize. This experience has taught me that perseverance is the key to success. When the situation turns so difficult that we think we won“t be able to succeed, perseverance will bring us hope and even a surprising reward. Success is not easy to come in everybody“s

26、life. Therefore the preparation for it is often a long process. Sometimes what helps people to succeed is not so much a person“s intelligence as his or her spirit of perseverance. Later in my life, I have used this experience again to face another significant challenge. After working for several yea

27、rs, I decided to apply to a Ph. D. program. It was not easy for me to prepare for the entrance exam because I was still at work and had to squeeze time for it. There were so many subjects for me to review and 1 was almost on the verge of breakdown. Just a few days before the examination, high pressu

28、re made me so exhausted that I decided to quit. But then, a friend of mine encouraged me to carry on. So I persevered to the last minute and finally passed the entrance examination. Now I am a Ph. D candidate in my ideal university. No doubt, it“s difficult to persevere when the situation is really

29、hard. But as a Chinese saying goes “Do nothing by halves.“ Perseverance is the key to success. This is a valuable lesson that I have learned from doing sports.4.Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the space provided on your Answer Sheet II. TOPICPeople

30、who claim to have supernatural powers, like Wang Lin, Yan Xin and many others, have come and gone in the past few decades and have always had a large following. What conclusion may be drawn from this phenomenon? （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Wang Lin, a Qigong Master who claims to have supernatural power, ha

31、s a large following in China nowadays. Many people, even some high officials or celebrities, come to visit Wang Lin. But he has finally been proved to be a cheat. One conclusion may be drawn from this phenomenon: people“s scientific thinking still needs to be enhanced. When some mysterious phenomena

32、 occur in society, ordinary people tend to believe it without critical thinking or scientific reasoning. Wang Lin, the so-called Qigong Master, was actually playing some tricks before the public. The supernatural power he claimed to possess was actually a hypnosis, which he had taken advantage of to

33、 control the audience“s psychology. After a successful show, he claimed to possess a supernatural power which could help people to achieve success easily. This has greatly catered to people“s unconscious desire to take a short cut to succeed, or get rich overnight. The promise of success brought the

34、m a very good feeling, hence caused them to turn a blind eye to the fact that Wang Lin“s show of supernatural power was actually a magic show. For decades, Chinese people have tended to believe in supernatural powers but not scientific knowledge. Qigong Masters like Yan Xin and Wang Lin have always

35、had a large following. One reason why Qigong Masters always have a large following is that ordinary people have known very little scientific knowledge. This has led to the prevalence of pseudoscience in our society. If they had some scientific sense, these Masters of Qigong would not be able to chea

36、t them so easily. We live in a physical world which is controlled by physical laws. Science has a very detailed explanation for most of the phenomena in this world. Supernatural power exists only in people“s imagination, just as Wang Lin“s case has shown. From the above analysis, we may arrive at th

37、e conclusion that because of their psychological needs, people choose to believe in the existence of supernatural power. There is an urgent need to disseminate scientific ideas to the public.5.Directions: Read the following paragraph and then write a response paper of about 250 to 300 English words.

38、 Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET (2). When there is a heavy rain in the north of China, cities and towns are often flooded. But heavy rains in southern cities seldom pose severe problems. When there is a heavy snow in the south of China, cities and towns often run into chaos. But heavy snows in the

39、north seldom pose severe problems. What should city planners do to deal with this and what do you think of the different ways of dealing with it? （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Different Ways to Solve Different Problems in Northern and Southern ChinaThe heavy snow in 2008, which stopped me from returning home

40、 to enjoy the Spring Festival with my family, left a very deep impression in my memory. That snow caused severe losses in Southern cities. And in this summer, I experienced “rain flood“ in Beijing, which even killed some people. So, I wonder why the heavy snow and heavy rain can cause so much damage

41、 respectively in southern and northern China, while heavy rain or snow seldom causes severe damage in southern or northern China. It is a question deserves the city planners to carefully think over. Generally speaking, to solve these two problems, the city planners first need to reconstruct the syst

42、em of drains, which is very important to drain the land dry when there is a heavy rain or snow melt. To avoid a heavy snow causing chaos in southern China, the city planners should formulate an emergency plan. For instance, they can coordinate with northern cities and store much anti-icing fluid. Wh

43、en the heavy snow continues for several days, they can organizer cleaners to melt the ice with anti-icing fluid, ensuring the security and smoothness for transportation. For northern cities, the most effective way is to improve the draining system and reconstruct roads which are easy to be flooded. In a word, northern and southern China face different situations, which should be solved by different ways. The city planners should well plan the city and carefully construct the system of drains to avoid such natural disasters.