【考研类试卷】考博英语-248及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-248 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people s social behavior and the values informing it that cannot be_ from one or another point of view, or even _as simplistic or vapid.（

2、分数：1.00）A.accepted. praisedB.intuited. exposedC.harangued. retractedD.challenged. dismissed2.The necessity of establishing discrete categories for observations frequently leads to attempts to make absolute _ when there are in reality only（分数：1.00）A.analyses. hypothesesB.correlations. digressionsC.di

3、stinctions. gradationsD.complications. ambiguities3.The passions of love and pride are often found in the same individual, but having little in common, they mutually_, not to say destroy, each other.（分数：1.00）A.reinforceB.annihilateC.enhanceD.weaken4.In spite of _reviews in the press, tile production

4、 of her play was almost certain oblivion by enthusiastic audiences whose acumen was greater than that of the critics.（分数：1.00）A.lukewarm. condemned toB.scathing. exposed toC.lackluster. rescued fromD.sensitive. reduced to5.Robins words were not without emotion: they retained their level tone only by

5、 a careful _imminent extremes.（分数：1.00）A.equipoise betweenB.embrace ofC.balance betweenD.equivalence to6.A unique clay disk found at the Minoan site of Phaistos is often _as the earliest example of printing by scholars who have defended its claim to this status despite equivalent claims put forward

6、for other printing artifacts.（分数：1.00）A.questionedB.overlookedC.adducedD.conceded7.The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with equal devotion to abstract _is a hallmark of our present society; in the past this union appeared, at best, _and as if by chance.（分数：1.00）A.data. exte

7、nsivelyB.philosophy. cyclicallyC.generalization. sporadicallyD.evaluation. opportunely8.One of the most interesting things to come out of the environmental issues meeting was the fact that we certainly do not have a _of energy sources; therefore, we must what we do have.（分数：1.00）A.plethora. husbandB

8、microcosm. mitigateC.dearth. libelD.gamut. obfuscate9.His_ should not be confused with cowardice; during the war, I saw him on several occasions risk his own life while rescuing members of his unit.（分数：1.00）A.notorietyB.cautionC.heroismD.indifference10.She was afraid that unless the train speeded u

9、p she would lose her _to Scotland.（分数：1.00）A.ticketB.placeC.connectionD.seat11.Even the most arbitrary and_ corporation today must be aware of the attitudes of its employees; management may at times be more or less_, but all must respect the power of an organized work force.（分数：1.00）A.influential. o

10、utragedB.prosperous. precipitousC.flexible. patronizingD.authoritarian. responsive12.Not content with being _himself, he openly_ the prohibition of the sale of intoxicating beverages so that all could be sober.（分数：1.00）A.monastic. urgedB.ascetic. proposedC.abstemious. advocatedD.sober. rejected13.Th

11、ough he refused any responsibility for the failure of the negotiations, Stevenson had no right to_ himself: it was his_ that had caused the debacle.（分数：1.00）A.blame. skillB.congratulate. modestyC.berate. largesseD.absolve. acrimony14.A (n)_attitude at a critical time such as this is not justified by

12、 the news reaching us from the war front.（分数：1.00）A.pessimistic. somberB.sanguine somberC.salubrious. optimisticD.arbitrary. gloomy15.Compassion is a great respecter of justice: we pity those who suffer_.（分数：1.00）A.shamelesslyB.unwittinglyC.vicariouslyD.undeservedly16.Keys should never be hidden aro

13、und the house since thieves _know where to look.（分数：1.00）A.invariablyB.virtuallyC.variouslyD.unavoidably17.Objectively set standards can serve as a _for physicians, providing them _unjustified malpractice claims.（分数：1.00）A.trial.evidence ofB.model. experience withC.criterion. reasons forD.safeguard.

14、 protection from18.Because the painter Albert Pinkham Ryder was obsessed with his _perfection, he was rarely _a painting, creating endless variations of a scene on one canvas, one on top of another.（分数：1.00）A.quest for. satisfied withB.insistence on. displeased withC.contempt for. disconcerted byD.a

15、lienation from. immersed in19.In a typhoon, winds_ a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.（分数：1.00）A.accomplishB.attainC.assumeD.assemble20.It was a long time before the cut on my hand_ completely.（分数：1.00）A.healedB.curedC.improvedD.recovered21.Im afraid this painting is not by Picasso. Its on

16、ly a copy and so its_.（分数：1.00）A.pricelessB.invaluableC.unworthyD.worthless22.Bill s vulgar behavior affected Jane, who is very _, and therefore, easily（分数：1.00）A.decorous. affrontedB.garrulous. gratifiedC.disinterested. biasedD.euphoric. ingratiated23.The rocks are very big with_ of colors on them.

17、分数：1.00）A.shapesB.railsC.bandsD.marks24.A century ago the physician s word was_ to doubt it was considered almost sacrilegious.（分数：1.00）A.inevitableB.intractableC.incontrovertibleD.objective25.Punishment for violating moral rules is much more common than reward for following them; thus, _the rules

18、goes almost _in society.（分数：1.00）A.association with. undefendedB.adherence to. unnoticedC.affiliation of. uncorrectedD.opposition to. unchecked26.She, on the other hand, when considering the situation, had a _of danger and uttered a severe（分数：1.00）A.forgery. culminationB.covenant.fortitudeC.innuendo

19、 castigationD.premonition. admonition27.The lost car was found_ in the woods off the highway.（分数：1.00）A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scattered D rejected28.Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be_ the use of diet supplements, there may be no protection from carcinogens that

20、 some fear might be introduced into foods by the process.（分数：1.00）A.counterbalanced byB.attributed toC.inferred fromD.augmented with29.So much of modem fiction in the United States is autobiographical, and so much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the_ sometimes seem largely（分数：1.00）A.authors

21、 ignoredB.needs. unrecognizedC.genres. interchangeableD.intentions. misunderstood30.While many Russian composers of tile nineteenth century contributed to an emerging national style, other composers did not _idiomatic Russian musical elements,_ instead the traditional musical vocabulary of Western

22、European Romanticism.（分数：1.00）A.utilize. rejectingB.incorporate. preferringC.exclude. avoidingD.repudiate. expanding三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数：4，分数：8.00)31.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of ale passage?（分数：2.00）A.Research has suggested that the neurotrans

23、mitter serotonin is responsible for the effects of hallucinogenic drugs on the brain ant on behavior.B.Researchers have spent an inadequate amount of time developing theories concerning the way in which the effects of hallucinogenic drags occur.C.Research results strongly suggest that hallucinogenic

24、 drugs create their effects by acting on the serotonin receptor sites located on target neurons in the brain.D.Researchers have recently made valuable discoveries concerning the effects of depleting the amount of serotonin in the brain.32.The research described in the passage is primarily concerned

25、with answering which of the following questions?（分数：2.00）A.How can researchers control the effects that LSD has on behavior?B.How are animals reactions to LSD different from those human beings?C.What triggers the effects that LSD has on human behavior?D.What technical advances would permit researche

26、rs to predict more accurately the effects of LSD on behavior?33.According to the passage, which of the following is one of the primary factors that led researchers studying hallucinogenic drugs to focus on serotonin?（分数：2.00）A.The suppression of the activity of serotonin-secreting neurons by the adm

27、inistration of hallucinogens.B.The observed similarities in the chemical structures of serotonin and hallucinogens.C.The effects the administration of hallucinogens has on serotonin production in the human brain.D.Serotonin-induced changes in the effects of hallucinogens on behavior.34.It can be inf

28、erred that researchers abandoned the presynaptic hypothesis because_ .（分数：2.00）A.a new and more attractive hypothesis was suggestedB.no research was reported that supported the hypothesisC.research results provided evidence to counter the hypothesisD.the hypothesis was supported only by studies of a

29、nimals and not by studies of human beings五、Passage 2(总题数：4，分数：8.00)35.Which of the following best states the author s attitude toward comics, as expressed in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.They constitute an innovative art form.B.They can be a worthwhile subject for study.C.They are critically important to

30、an understanding of modern art.D.Their visual structure is more complex than that of medieval art.36.The passage asserts which of the following about commercial art?（分数：2.00）A.There are many examples of commercial art whose artistic merit is equal to that of great works of art of the past.B.Commerci

31、al art is heavily influenced by whatever doctrines are fashionable in the serious art world of the time.C.The line between commercial art and great art lies primarily in how an image is used, not in the motivation for its creation.D.The pervasiveness of contemporary commercial art has led art histor

32、ians to undervalue representational skills.37.The author of the passage explicitly disagrees with which of the following statements?（分数：2.00）A.In modem society even nonartists can master techniques that great artists of the fourteenth century did not employ.B.The ability to represent a three-dimensi

33、onal object on a flat surface has nothing to do with art.C.In modem society the victory of representational skills has created a problem for art critics.D.The way that artists are able to represent the visible world is an area that needs a great deal more study before it can be fully understoo38.The

34、 author suggests which of the following about art historians?（分数：2.00）A.They do not believe that illusionist tricks have become trivial.B.They generally spend little time studying contemporary artists.C.They have not given enough consideration to how the representation of nature has become commonpla

35、ce.D.They generally tend to argue about theories rather than address substantive issues.六、Passage 3(总题数：4，分数：8.00)39.In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with_.（分数：2.00）A.rejecting an earlier explanation for the longevity of certain brachiopod speciesB.reevaluating the implications of u

36、niformity among existing brachiopod speciesC.describing the varieties of environmental change to which brachiopods are vulnerableD.reconciling opposing explanations for brachiopods lack of evolutionary success40.It can be inferred from the passage that many zoologists assume that a large diversity a

37、mong species of a given class of organisms typically leads to which of the following?（分数：2.00）A.Difficulty in classification.B.A discontinuous fossil record.C.A greater chance of survival over time.D.Numerical abundanc41.It can be inferred from the passage that the decision to study an organism may

38、sometimes be influenced by_.（分数：2.00）A.its practical or commercial benefits to societyB.the nature and prevalence of its fossilized remainsC.the relative convenience of its geographical distributionD.its similarity to one or more better known species42.The second paragraph makes use of which of the

39、following?（分数：2.00）A.Specific examples.B.Analogy.C.Metaphor.D.Quotation.七、Passage 4(总题数：4，分数：8.00)43.The author mentions that English literature “was not part of any academic curriculum“ in the early 19th century in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.emphasize the need for Jane Austin to create ordinary, everyday

40、 characters in her novelsB.give support to those religious and political groups that had attacked fictionC.suggest the superiority of an informal and unsystematized approach to the study of literatureD.give one reason why Jane Austin s novels received little critical attention in the early 19th cent

41、ury44.The author quotes Coleridge in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.refute the literary opinions of certain religious and political groupsB.make a case for the inferiority of novels to poetryC.indicate how widespread was the attack on novels in the early 19th centuryD.illustrate the early 19th century belief

42、that fiction was especially appealing to young readers45.It can be inferred from the passage that Whately found Dickens characters to be_.（分数：2.00）A.especially interesting to young readersB.less liable than Jane Austin s characters to have a realistic mixture of moral qualitiesC.ordinary persons in

43、recognizably human situationsD.more often villainous and weak than virtuous and good46.The author would most likely agree which of the following is the best measure of a writer s literary success?（分数：2.00）A.Inclusion of the writer s work in an academic curriculum.B.Publication of the writer s work i

44、n the writer s own name.C.Praise of the writer s work by religious and political groups.D.Existence of debate among critics about the writer s work.八、Passage 5(总题数：4，分数：8.00)47.In Anthony O Hear s view, a well mannered person（分数：2.00）A.acts rashly when he is youngB.tends to be bad-tempered in old ag

45、eC.behaves with a sense of appropriacyD.attaches importance to his status48.Rachel Trickett seems to indicate the term “lady“（分数：2.00）A.has acquired a different meaningB.is too old-fashioned to useC.is preferred by feministsD.victimizes women in society49.According to Caroline Moore, the media has p

46、rojected a_ image of the gentleman.（分数：2.00）A.humorousB.favorableC.negativeD.traditional50.According to the passage, the decline of good manners is more worrying because_.（分数：2.00）A.it leads to more crime in societyB.people view manners as old-fashionedC.rudeness on the street cannot be stemmed outD

47、it can seriously affect our daily life九、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.similar desires to the Deity, whom they imagine avid for continual praise.（分数：10.00）_十、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.Adult Education Boom（分数：20.00）_考博英语-248 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Par

48、t Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people s social behavior and the values informing it that cannot be_ from one or another point of view, or even _as simplistic or vapid.（分数：1.00）A.accepted. praisedB.intuited. exposedC.harangued. retractedD.challenged. dismissed 解析：challenge 挑战。dismiss 开除，解雇，打发走。accept 接受。praise 赞扬，表扬。 intuit 凭直觉感知。expose 雅露，显示。harangue 对(某人)作慷慨激昂的演讲。retract 撤回， 撤消。2.