【考研类试卷】考博英语-321及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-321 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.Proper clothes_for much in business. Thats why you see most business people dress formally.（分数：1.00）A.countB.accountC.allowD.Care2.The destruction of rainforests has been_as a disaster for t

2、he environment.（分数：1.00）A.blamedB.declaredC.condemnedD.appealed3.The coming of automation is_to have important social consequences.（分数：1.00）A.likeB.frightfulC.boundD.compelled4.In the_of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to USD 30 million.（分数：1.00）A.faceB.timeC.eventD.c

3、ourse5.The police_to emergencies in just a few minutes when the accident happened.（分数：1.00）A.respondedB.repliedC.adjustedD.appealed6.His desire to_other people has caused trouble in his family.（分数：1.00）A.pleaseB.dominateC.forceD.urge7.A good deal of the_for his achievement in this field must go to h

4、is super visor, Professor Fang.（分数：1.00）A.creditB.reputationC.respectD.praise8.Tom could hardly_his excitement as he knew that he had made a real dis covery.（分数：1.00）A.concealB.revealC.showD.discover9.Disabled people are now able to care for many of their own needs,_educa tional goals, and maintain

5、jobs.（分数：1.00）A.attemptB.pursueC.realizeD.perform10.She_the high unemployment figures as evidence of the failure of the gov ernment policy.（分数：1.00）A.citedB.recitedC.listedD.lifted11.The search for the lost ship must be_because of poor weather.（分数：1.00）A.releasedB.resignedC.abandonedD.surrendered12.

6、The badly wounded soldiers take_.for medical treatment over those only slightly hurt.（分数：1.00）A.priorityB.measuresC.chanceD.responsibility13.Chemistry is closely_with other studies: physics, biology and so on.（分数：1.00）A.correspondedB.concernedC.correlatedD.cooperated14.Concerned people want to_the r

7、isk of developing cancer.（分数：1.00）A.takeB.decreaseC.minimizeD.claim15.Sometimes artists find it hard for their works to win popular_.（分数：1.00）A.welcomeB.applauseC.appetiteD.appreciation16.There is a high job mobility among young people as they will_work one day and find a new job the next.（分数：1.00）A

8、.departB.rejectC.quitD.leave17.It is not too late, but_action is needed.（分数：1.00）A.rightB.urgentC.hurryD.prompt18.This policy gave_to private property and led to differences between the rich and the poor.（分数：1.00）A.lifeB.birthC.wayD.death19.The jet quickly_into the sky and soon went out of our view.

9、（分数：1.00）A.ascendedB.launchedC.assessedD.descended20.Shy people never_set out to attract attention of other people.（分数：1.00）A.willinglyB.voluntarilyC.decidedlyD.deliberately21.Because of a recent obstacle in production, sales have dropped and accordingly profits have_.（分数：1.00）A.declinedB.increasedC

10、.brokenD.maintained22.The full_of changes in computer technology will be felt within the next few years.（分数：1.00）A.affectB.impactC.actionD.importance23.The survey showed that_numbers of 15-year-olds were already smoking twenty cigarettes a week.（分数：1.00）A.essentialB.steadyC.primaryD.substantial24.We

11、 must try to_the best of our moral values for our children and grand children.（分数：1.00）A.replaceB.remainC.generateD.preserve25.The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a_impression on those who have witnessed the explosion.（分数：1.00）A.longB.foreverC.lastingD.lively26.The goals and desires_wide

12、ly between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A. swing B vary C. distinguish D. transfer（分数：1.00）_27.Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others_at art or basketball?（分数：1.00）A.workB.gazeC.aimD.excel28.The car one drives may show his/her_or social position.（分数：1.00）A.curiosit

13、yB.statusC.importanceD.reputation29.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to_it.（分数：1.00）A.postponeB.refuseC.acceptD.cancel30.Humans should not develop their economy at the_of the ecological envi ronment.（分数：1.00）A.destructionB.pollutionC.expenseD.mercy31.It is still not cl

14、ear what_a series of argument between them.（分数：1.00）A.contributedB.markedC.ignitedD.triggered32.The Great Wall is a great tourist_, drawing millions of visitors from all parts of the world every year.（分数：1.00）A.attentionB.appointmentC.attractionD.interest33.Since Japan_importance to education and te

15、chnological innovation, its economy has developed at a high speed.（分数：1.00）A.relatesB.appliesC.attachesD.connects34.In order to survive now and_in the future, all the working staff must constantly create new ideas for every aspect of your business.（分数：1.00）A.maximizeB.thriveC.measureD.remain35.It is

16、 our_policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.（分数：1.00）A.consistentB.considerateC.certainD.decisive36.The local authorities seemed to_for the accident that took place last week.（分数：1.00）A.shareB.takeC.criticizeD.blame37.Man may destroy the balance of nature, but from time to time, na

17、ture takes a ter rible_.（分数：1.00）A.attackB.threatC.lessonD.revenge38.There has been an increase in attendance at lectures_by the World Affairs Council, which brings international issues to public attention.（分数：1.00）A.developedB.sponsoredC.advancedD.promoted39._is the question of using existing resou

18、rces to produce original and benefi cial solutions, ideas or products.（分数：1.00）A.CreativityB.ProductivityC.ApplicationD.Combination40.He was seriously injured in a ear accident, which was_to faulty brakes.（分数：1.00）A.attributedB.contributedC.blamedD.applied三、Section Reading Co(总题数：6，分数：30.00)1In old

19、days, when a glimpse of stocking was looked upon as something far too shock ing to distract the serious work of an office, secretaries were men.Then came the First World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A mans secretary became his personal servant, charged with remembering his wi

20、fes birth day and buying her presents; taking his suits to the dry-cleaners; telling lies on the tele phone to keep people he did not wish to speak to at bay and, of course, typing and filing and taking shorthand.Now all this may be changing again. The microchip and high technology is sweeping the B

21、ritish office, taking with it much of the routine clerical work that secretaries did.“Once office technology takes over generally, the status of the job will rise again be cause it will involve only the high-powered work and then men will want to do it again. “That was said by one of the executives

22、(male) of one of the biggest secretarial agencies in this country. What he has predicted is already under way in the US. One girl described to me a recent temporary job placing men in secretarial jobs in San Francisco. She noted that all the men she dealt with appeared to be gay so possibly that it

23、was just a new twist to the old story.Over here, though, there are men coming onto the job market as secretaries. Classically, girls have learned shorthand and typing and gone into a company to seek their fortune from the bottom-and thats what happened to John Bowman. Although he joined a national g

24、ro cery chain as secretary to its first woman senior manager, he has since been promoted to an administration job.“I filled in the application form and said I could do audio/typing, and in fact I was the only applicant. The girls were reluctant to work for this young, glamorous new woman with all th

25、is power in the firm. “I did typing at school, and then a commercial course. I just thought it would be use ful finding a job. I never got any funny treatment from the girls, though I admit Ive never met another male secretary. But then I joined the Post Office as a clerk and carelessly played with

26、the typewriter, and wrote letters, and thought that after all secretaries were getting a good 1,000 a year more than clerks like me. There was a shortage at that time, you see. “It was simpler working for a woman than for a man. I found she made decisions, she told everybody what she thought, and th

27、ere was none of that male bitchiness, or that stuff ring this number for me dear, which men go in for. “Dont forget, we were a teamthats how I feel about itnot boss and servant but two people doing different things for the same purpose. “Once high technology has made the job of secretary less routin

28、e, will there be male takeover? Men should beware of thinking that they can walk right into the better jobs. There are a lot of women secretaries who will do the job as well, as they are as effi cient and well-trained to cope with word processors and computers as men.（分数：5.00）(1).Before the First Wo

29、rld War, female secretaries were rare because they（分数：1.00）A.wore stockingsB.were not as serious as menC.were less efficient than menD.would have disturbed the other office workers(2).A secretary in the future will_.（分数：1.00）A.be better paidB.have less work to doC.have higher statusD.have more work

30、to do(3).John Bowman was given his first job as a secretary because_.（分数：1.00）A.he was luckyB.no one else appliedC.he had the best qualificationsD.he wanted to work for a woman(4).When he was a post office clerk, secretaries were better paid because_.（分数：1.00）A.they were in shortageB.they were bette

31、r trainedC.they worked longer hoursD.they had greater responsibility(5).The writer believes that before long_.（分数：1.00）A.men and women will compete for secretarial workB.men will take over womens jobs as secretariesC.women will operate most office machinesD.men will be better with machines2There are

32、 four basic types of competition in business that form a continuum from pure competition through monopolistic competition and oligopoly (商品应垄断) to monopo- ly. At one end of the continuum, pure competition results when every company has a simi lar product. Companies that deal in commodities such as w

33、heat or corn are often involved in pure competition. In pure competition, it is often the ease and efficiency of distribution that influences purchase.In contrast, in monopolistic competition, several companies may compete for the sale of items that may be substituted. The classic example of monopol

34、istic competition is coffee and tea. If the price of one is perceived as too high, consumers may begin to purchase the other. Coupons and other discounts (折扣) are often used as part of a marketing strategy to influence sales.Oligopoly occurs when a few companies dominate the sales of a product or se

35、rvice. For example, only five airline carriers control more than 70 percent of all ticket sales in the United States. In oligopoly, serious competition is not considered desirable because it would result in reduced revenue for every company in the group. Although price wars do occur, in which all co

36、mpanies offer substantial savings to customers, a somewhat similar tendency to raise prices simultaneously is also usual.Finally, monopoly occurs when only one firm sells the product. Some monopolies have been tolerated for producers of goods and services that have been considered basic or essen tia

37、l, including electricity and water. In these cases, it is government control, rather than competition, that protects and influences sales.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Monopolies.B.The Commodity Market.C.The Competition Continuum.D.The Best Ty

38、pe of Competition.(2).An example of product in monopolistic competition is_.（分数：1.00）A.cornB.electricityC.airline ticketD.coffee(3).The word “tolerated“ in Paragraph 4 could best be replaced by_.（分数：1.00）A.permittedB.reservedC.criticizedD.devised(4).What does the author mean by the statement “Althou

39、gh price wars do occur, in which all companies offer substantial savings to customers, a somewhat similar tendency to raise prices simultaneously is also usual .（分数：1.00）A.It is not unusual for all companies to increase prices at the same time.B.It is common for companies to compete for customers by

40、 lowering prices.C.Customers may lose money when companies have price wars.D.Prices are lower during price wars, but they are usually higher afterwar(5).The word “it“ in Paragraph 3 refers to_.（分数：1.00）A.a product or serviceB.competitionC.revenueD.oligopoly3Kevin Rogers used to be my boss. At that t

41、ime he was a hard-working, up-and-coming businessman and a real slave-driver, always telling us we had to sell more and more. As soon as I could, I got a job with another company. The last time I saw Rogers was more than ten years ago. At least thats what I thought until last Thursday. But now Im no

42、t so sure.I was on my way back to my office in the center of town. There is a small park nearby which I sometimes walk through after lunch. It is empty, except for an unshaven, shabby looking man on one of the benches. He looked about fifty years old and was wearing an old, gray overcoat. It was a c

43、old, wintry day, and he was shivering.“Its been a long time since I had a meal. Can you help me?“ he said. There was some thing about his voice that sounded familiar. I gave him a few coins and he mumbled some thing about being grateful. As he stumbled past me, I looked at his face closely. I won de

44、red where I had seen him before. Then it hit me. Could it possibly be.? No! Impossible, I thought. I watched him walking away. He was the same height as Rogers but looked a lot thinner than I remembered. Then, as he left the park and turned down the street, I caught sight of his face again, this tim

45、e in profile. The nose was the same as Rogers, too. I al most followed him but something made me stop. I just couldnt be sure. But the resem- blance was very close.Yesterday I ran into someone who had worked for Rogers at the same time I did, and had stayed on longer. I started telling him about the

46、 man I had seen in the park. For a mo ment I thought it was our old boss. The voice, the nose, and even the face were just like Rogers, but it couldnt have been. “Rogers must be the director of a big company by now,“ I said.My ex-colleague shook his head. “I thought you knew. “Knew? Knew what? What

47、are you talking about?“Rogers was sent to prison six years ago. Hes probably out by now. For all I know hes sleeping on park benches and begging money from passers-by. /（分数：5.00）(1).It seems that when Rogers was the writers boss, the writer_.（分数：1.00）A.rather liked RogersB.admired Rogers ability to

48、sellC.thought Rogers was lazyD.was not very happy in his job(2).When this story begins, the writer_.（分数：1.00）A.was working for a man called RogersB.was on his way to work in the morningC.was going back to work after lunchD.had finished work and was going home(3).When the man in the park saw the writer, the man_.（分数：1.00）A.begged some money from himB.tried to hit himC.offered to help himD.walked away from him(4).The writer thought the man might be_.（分数：1.00）A.someone who had always been a trampB.someone who had once