【考研类试卷】考博英语-388及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-388 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.The pronoun “They“ (Line 1, Par（分数：2.00）A.4) refers to _.A. the London citizensB. those who commute to London from other placesC. managers who are anxious about thei

2、r staff getting to workD. passengers who make complaints2._ of the households in London owned a car in the early 1950s.（分数：2.00）A.Exactly 10%B.A little more than 10%C.Far less than 10%D.Over 60%3.The following paragraph would most probably deal with _.（分数：2.00）A.train and air travelB.traffic jams in

3、 LondonC.possible solutions to London s poor transportationD.car ownership that continues to grow4.“Environmentally friendly“ (Line 2, Par（分数：2.00）A.4) is closest in meaning to _.A. cheap and convenientB. fair to all passengersC. like a friendly neighborD. pleasant and unpolluted5.It is believed tha

4、t _.（分数：2.00）A.overpopulation causes the problems in citiesB.two-thirds of the world s population are living in cities todayC.it isn t difficult to solve the problems faced by cities todayD.with fewer people, we would be free from any problems四、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)6.We learn from the second par

5、agraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the children learn how to make their bedsB.the Debbie s leave home without making the bedsC.one of the children watches TV while eating breakfastD.the children fail to do what their mother wants them to do7.How does John behave in school?（分数：2.00）A.He does not behave well in

6、 school.B.He is concerned about others.C.He is disliked by everyone.D.He disobeys his teacher.8.If Debbie cannot manage family and work, she will _.（分数：2.00）A.be dismissed from her jobB.be transferred to another jobC.have a cut in her salaryD.devote all her time to homemaking9.The word “overwhelming

7、 in Line 1 Par（分数：2.00）A.2 is closest in meaning to _.A. great in amountB. annoyingC. troublesomeD. uncontrolled10.What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.How Debbie, a divorcee, raises her two children.B.How Debbie manages to do her work well.C.How Debbie feels both as a responsible mothe

8、r and a devoted worker.D.How Debbie tries to be a single mother.五、Passage 3(总题数：6，分数：12.00)11.The species of black spiders discovered on Mount Everest is _.（分数：2.00）A.the smallest species of spidersB.the highest altitude dweller among creatures of that size or largerC.the only creature that lives at

9、 that altitudeD.capable of surviving in any environment12.From the selection, we may conclude that _.（分数：2.00）A.spiders have adapted to many unlikely environmentsB.on the whole spiders are delicate creaturesC.a species of black spiders can live anywhereD.spiders are the greatest marvel of natural sc

10、ience13.The author thinks that spiders _.（分数：2.00）A.rival man as master of the earthB.are as firmly established on the earth as manC.are more vigorous than manD.are more firmly established on the earth than man14.The writer is amazed by the black spider s _.（分数：2.00）A.delicate constructionB.ability

11、to live in such varied environmentsC.unusual intelligenceD.ability to withstand extreme cold15.The selection says that spiders have been discovered _.（分数：2.00）A.five miles above earthB.more than 2000 feet undergroundC.everywhere that man has reachedD.both A and B16.Spiders “hold their planetary seat

12、 with assurance“ because they are _.（分数：2.00）A.more numerous than any other speciesB.able to adapt to hostile environmentsC.masters of the earths surfaceD.all of the above六、Passage 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)17.Small animals are said to live faster than big ones because they _.（分数：2.00）A.have more skin for ev

13、ery ounce of body weightB.replace lost heat fasterC.bum fuel fasterD.maintain a higher body temperature18.Warm-blooded animals maintain a steady temperature by _.（分数：2.00）A.storing heat in their body cellsB.regulating the amount of heat producedC.regulating the amount of heat given offD.constantly r

14、eplacing lost surface heart19.The selection says that every animal is a living radiator because it _.（分数：2.00）A.produces heat in its body cellsB.burns fuel to produce heatC.gives off heat through its skinD.requires oxygen to produces heat20.An animal weighing less than 2.5 grams would starve because

15、 it would not be able to _.（分数：2.00）A.get enough oxygenB.maintain its body temperatureC.bum its food fast enoughD.eat fast enough to supply fuel21.The speed at which an animal lives is determined by measuring _.（分数：2.00）A.the amount of food it eatsB.its body temperatureC.the rate at which it uses ox

16、ygenD.the amount of oxygen it uses七、Passage 5(总题数：5，分数：10.00)22.According to the passage, what do student researchers often learn when they discuss their work in class?（分数：2.00）A.Other students rarely have objective comments about it.B.Other students do not believe the researchers did the work.C.Som

17、e students feel that the conclusions are too obvious.D.Some students do not understand the meaning of the researchers questions.23.According to the passage, what is one major criticism students often make of published research?（分数：2.00）A.The research has not been written in an interesting way.B.The

18、research has been done in unimportant fields.C.The researchers did not adequately establish the relationships involved.D.The researchers failed to provide an appropriate summary.24.According to the passage, how do students in class often react to another student s re search?（分数：2.00）A.They react the

19、 way they do to any other research.B.They are especially critical of the quality of the research.C.They offer unusually good suggestions for improving the work.D.They show a lot of sympathy for the student researcher.25.According to the passage, student researchers may have to change their research

20、projects because（分数：2.00）A.their budgets are too highB.their original questions are too broadC.their teachers do not give adequate adviceD.their time is very limited26.What does the author think about trying to find weaknesses in other people s research?（分数：2.00）A.It should only be attempted by expe

21、rienced researchers.B.It may cause researchers to avoid publishing good work.C.It is currently being done to excess.D.It can be useful in planning future researc八、Passage 6(总题数：4，分数：8.00)27.The fish that have developed long feelers use them to _.（分数：2.00）A.recognize food particlesB.collect foodC.loc

22、ate food by sense of smellD.both A and B28.According to the selection some species that live where there is no light have _.（分数：2.00）A.long, sensitive feelersB.luminous finsC.enormous owl-like eyeD.no actual eyes29.It is supposed that about half of the varieties of fish living in the dark depths hav

23、e _.（分数：2.00）A.evolved more than one means of creating lightB.some power of illuminationC.developed extremely sensitive feelersD.almost telescopic eyes30.Most of the marine species living in the darkest depths have _.（分数：2.00）A.learned to live without lightB.evolved ingenious devices to help themC.f

24、ound ways to supply their own lightD.developed extremely sensitive eyes九、Part Blank Filling(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Ninety-five percent (总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.

25、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)41.As for infrastructure, or the, capital required, the Chinese government has strengthened its investment and stipulated special policies to at tract foreign investment. Not many foreign investors can wait

26、for the long-term return, so this part of capital should be solved by China itself. While the bottleneck of northwest is obvious inferiority in human resource cannot be neglected.（分数：5.00）_十三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)42.我想重新回到生活简简单单的时代。那时你所知道的只有色彩、乘法表和童谣(nursery rhymes),但是你不觉得缺什么你不知道你所不了解的，所以也不会去在乎。你所知道

27、的只是开心快乐，因为你对一切令人忧虑、沮丧的事物都浑然(blissfully)不觉。我想认为世界是公正的，每一个人都诚实善良；我想相信，任何事情都有可能发生。（分数：5.00）_十四、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)43. （分数：20.00）_考博英语-388 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.The pronoun “They“ (Line 1, Par

28、分数：2.00）A.4) refers to _.A. the London citizensB. those who commute to London from other placesC. managers who are anxious about their staff getting to workD. passengers who make complaints解析：第四段讲到每天有 100多万人从伦敦城外来到伦敦。They，and the people who live in London want a public transport system表明“They”指的是非伦

29、敦居民。2._ of the households in London owned a car in the early 1950s.（分数：2.00）A.Exactly 10%B.A little more than 10% C.Far less than 10%D.Over 60%解析：从第四段 just over 10 percent in the early 1950s可以看出 20世纪 50年代的伦敦只有 10%多点的家庭拥有汽车。3.The following paragraph would most probably deal with _.（分数：2.00）A.train an

30、d air travelB.traffic jams in LondonC.possible solutions to London s poor transportation D.car ownership that continues to grow解析：最后一段提到随着城市人口越来越多以及环境污染越来越严重，there has been a growing realization that action is needed，因此接下来就会讨论可能采取的措施。4.“Environmentally friendly“ (Line 2, Par（分数：2.00）A.4) is closest

31、in meaning to _.A. cheap and convenientB. fair to all passengersC. like a friendly neighborD. pleasant and unpolluted解析：“Environmentally friendly”对环境有利，不污染环境。5.It is believed that _.（分数：2.00）A.overpopulation causes the problems in cities B.two-thirds of the world s population are living in cities to

32、dayC.it isn t difficult to solve the problems faced by cities todayD.with fewer people, we would be free from any problems解析：第一段提到 2030年估计世界多于 2/3的人口将会居住在城市，这意味着 the problems faced by cities todaywill be twice as had in the next century，unless we find solutions soon，可见是人口过度导致城市面临诸多问题。四、Passage 2(总题数

33、5，分数：10.00)6.We learn from the second paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the children learn how to make their bedsB.the Debbie s leave home without making the bedsC.one of the children watches TV while eating breakfastD.the children fail to do what their mother wants them to do 解析：Debbie 要求她的两个孩子 make the

34、ir beds，但是谁也不按她的要求去做，Neither child is able to meet her standards。7.How does John behave in school?（分数：2.00）A.He does not behave well in school. B.He is concerned about others.C.He is disliked by everyone.D.He disobeys his teacher.解析：第三段提到最近 John的老师 sent a note home，对 John的在校表现表示担忧，因此可以笋 0断出 John在学校的

35、表现不好。8.If Debbie cannot manage family and work, she will _.（分数：2.00）A.be dismissed from her job B.be transferred to another jobC.have a cut in her salaryD.devote all her time to homemaking解析：最后一段提到 unless things improve，Debbie will be terminated，Debbie 必须处理好家庭和工作的关系，否则就会被解雇。9.The word “overwhelming“

36、 in Line 1 Par（分数：2.00）A.2 is closest in meaning to _.A. great in amountB. annoyingC. troublesomeD. uncontrolled 解析：第二段提到每天早上 Debbie要 prepares breakfast，fixes bag lunches and organizes thingsmakes the beds，日常家务繁重。10.What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.How Debbie, a divorcee, raises her

37、two children.B.How Debbie manages to do her work well.C.How Debbie feels both as a responsible mother and a devoted worker. D.How Debbie tries to be a single mother.解析：全文讲的是 Debbie作为一位单身母亲既要照顾两个孩子，做家务，又要工作，她努力处理好家庭和工作的关系。五、Passage 3(总题数：6，分数：12.00)11.The species of black spiders discovered on Mount

38、Everest is _.（分数：2.00）A.the smallest species of spidersB.the highest altitude dweller among creatures of that size or larger C.the only creature that lives at that altitudeD.capable of surviving in any environment解析：第二段提到蜘蛛 dwell at higher altitudes than any other creature their size or larger，可见蜘蛛在

39、和它大小相似或比它大点的动物当中居住海拔最高。12.From the selection, we may conclude that _.（分数：2.00）A.spiders have adapted to many unlikely environments B.on the whole spiders are delicate creaturesC.a species of black spiders can live anywhereD.spiders are the greatest marvel of natural science解析：第二段提到黑蜘蛛居住在海拔很高的珠穆朗玛峰山坡

40、最后一段提出蜘蛛居住在其他 unlikely Places，并举例说明，因此可得出结论蜘蛛能够适应不同的环境。13.The author thinks that spiders _.（分数：2.00）A.rival man as master of the earthB.are as firmly established on the earth as manC.are more vigorous than manD.are more firmly established on the earth than man 解析：第一段提到 it is doubtful whether man ho

41、lds planetary seat with greater assurance than the spiders，作者对人类比蜘蛛更适应地球环境表示怀疑，后面又提到了蜘蛛怎样在恶劣的环境下生存，因而得知蜘蛛比人类更 firmly established on the earth。14.The writer is amazed by the black spider s _.（分数：2.00）A.delicate constructionB.ability to live in such varied environmentsC.unusual intelligenceD.ability t

42、o withstand extreme cold 解析：黑蜘蛛居住在海拔很高的寒冷的珠穆朗玛峰斜坡上，This is an incredible environment for creatures so delicately constructed，因此作者对黑蜘蛛这种小动物能适应这样的环境表示惊讶。15.The selection says that spiders have been discovered _.（分数：2.00）A.five miles above earthB.more than 2000 feet undergroundC.everywhere that man has

43、 reachedD.both A and B 解析：最后一段提出人们发现蜘蛛 soaring five miles above the earth，另外一种 has been discovered more than two thousand feet underground，据此可直接选出答案。16.Spiders “hold their planetary seat with assurance“ because they are _.（分数：2.00）A.more numerous than any other speciesB.able to adapt to hostile envi

44、ronments C.masters of the earths surfaceD.all of the above解析：第二段中作者一直在解释“他们是如何在几千尺高的悬崖上生存，怎样对付寒冷和温差”等等。意在说明它们能够“hold their planetary seat with assurance”是因为“他们能够适应各种艰苦的环境。”六、Passage 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)17.Small animals are said to live faster than big ones because they _.（分数：2.00）A.have more skin for e

45、very ounce of body weightB.replace lost heat fasterC.bum fuel faster D.maintain a higher body temperature解析：第一段提到 smaller animalsmust produce beat faster than bigger ones，because smaller animals burn fuel faster，scientists say they live faster，因此可以得出小动物比体积大的动物 live faster是因为它们 burn fuel faster。18.Wa

46、rm-blooded animals maintain a steady temperature by _.（分数：2.00）A.storing heat in their body cellsB.regulating the amount of heat producedC.regulating the amount of heat given offD.constantly replacing lost surface heart 解析：第一段明确指出恒温动物通过 constantly replacing lost surface heat来保持体温。19.The selection sa

47、ys that every animal is a living radiator because it _.（分数：2.00）A.produces heat in its body cellsB.burns fuel to produce heatC.gives off heat through its skin D.requires oxygen to produces heat解析：第一段第一句话解释了为什么 every animal is a living radiator，是因为 heat formed in its cells is given off through its skin，即细胞内产生的热量通过皮肤散发出去。20.An animal weighing less than 2.5 grams would starve because it would not be able to _.（分数：2.00）A.get enough oxygenB.maintain its body temperatureC.bum its food fast enoughD