【考研类试卷】考博英语-44及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-44 及答案解析(总分：66.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.According to the opponents, Terminator will do all the following EXCEPT that _.（分数：1.00）A.Terminator will result in raising the seed priceB.Terminator will make corns not mature to bear seedsC.Terminator will contaminate ordinary cro

2、psD.Terminator will not be poisonous to other plants2.Whats the tone of the author towards “Terminator?（分数：1.00）A.Objective.B.Mildly critical.C.Indifferent.D.Pessimistic.3.According to Monsanto, the invention of Terminator will NOT _.（分数：1.00）A.stop illegal replanting of seeds in the developing coun

3、triesB.protect their intellectual-property fightsC.biologically carry out the agreements with the farmersD.make all plants sterilized4.Before Terminator, farmers _.（分数：1.00）A.are required to buy new load of seeds every yearB.axe often caught by the police replanting the seedsC.can replant the seeds

4、under the permission from MonsantoD.obey the agreements signed with Monsanto5.The best title for the passage will be _.（分数：1.00）A.The Suicide SeedsB.Monsanto-Leading Biotech CompanyC.Sterility in BiologyD.Against New Science二、BPassage 2/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)6.According to the passage, which of the follow

5、ing is TRUE of the last hundred years?（分数：1.00）A.Fossil fuels were burned for the first time.B.The average temperature at the Earths surface has become 2 cooler.C.The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably.D.The amount of farmland worldwide has doubled.7.The primary purp

6、ose of the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.discuss the significance of increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphereB.warn of the dangers of continued burning of fossil fuelsC.explain how a constant temperature is maintained in the Earths surfaceD.demonstrate the usefulness of mathematical mo

7、dels in predicting long-range climatic change8.It can be concluded from information contained in the text that the average temperature at an altitude of I kilometer above the Earth is about _.（分数：1.00）A.15B.-18C.2.5D.99.According to the passage, the greatest part of the solar energy that reaches the

8、 Earth is _.（分数：1.00）A.reflected back to space by snow and iceB.concentrated at visible wavelengthsC.absorbed by carbon dioxide moleculesD.absorbed by atmospheric water vapor10.Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

9、 and its consequences?（分数：1.00）A.Objective yet concerned.B.Angry yet resigned.C.Completely detached.D.Incredulous.三、BPassage 3/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)11.Which of the following statements about weight control is NOT TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The exercise is the secret to permanent and successful weight control.B.Comb

10、ining exercises with a reduced-calorie diet makes it easier to lose weight.C.Healthy weight control means losing primarily fat, not muscle or water.D.Eat less and skip the exercise is an easy and effective way of losing weight.12.Most middle-aged people get fatter, mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.they m

11、ade dietary changes when they grow oldB.of their sedentary livingC.they dont exercise regularlyD.the chemical activity in their body that uses the food to produce energy slows down13.What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The slower people lose weight, the less likely they are to achieve t

12、heir goals.B.People who are on diet merely lose muscle and water.C.Regular exercises may reduce the chance of getting certain chronic diseases.D.Physical activity use muscle tissue as its main source of energy.14.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Eating Withou

13、t Gaining.B.Exercise-An Effective Weight-loss Tool.C.Metabolic Changes in Human Body.D.Ways of Weight Control.15.The passage is mainly about _.（分数：1.00）A.how to keep fitB.how to lose weightC.the benefits brought about by regular exercisesD.exercises and diet四、BPassage 4/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)16.In the pas

14、t, many doctors _.（分数：1.00）A.never thought of any possible link between stress and illnessB.hardly considered emotional factors when dealing with a patientC.discovered that the brain and the immune system functioned independentlyD.found that diseases were caused by psychological factors17.The immune

15、 system _.（分数：1.00）A.used to be unconnected with the brainB.causes a lot of stress to peopleC.can be affected by emotional factorsD.functions independently18.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Unhappiness may cause disease.B.Drinking alcohol may cause damage to th

16、e immune system.C.too much sorrow is harmful to the immune system.D.Psychological stress leads naturally to the damage of the immune system.19.The text mainly supplies information for answering which of the following questions?（分数：1.00）A.Can the immune system be affected by emotional factors?B.Why c

17、an our bodies fight the bacteria and viruses which cause diseases?C.How can the immune system be affected by emotional factors?D.Why cant blood cells in bereaved peoples bodies work properly?20.The study on the military school students indicated that _.（分数：1.00）A.life in the school was very stressfu

18、lB.disease could be caused by psychological factorsC.the good students were likely to fall illD.stress often made students unhappy五、BPassage 5/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)21.Some people look down on applied research because they think that _.（分数：1.00）A.it is a kind of prearranged investigationB.no new knowledge

19、 can arise from applied researchC.it is more difficult to get results in applied research than in pure researchD.no specific scientific ability is needed in applied research.22.It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：1.00）A.pure research and applied research are equally difficultB.applied inv

20、estigation requires greater scientific abilityC.applied research is not inferior to pure researchD.in both pure research any applied research any scientific knowledge is worth seeking23.According to the author, _.（分数：1.00）A.the investigation of the life cycle of a protozoon is undoubtedly pure resea

21、rchB.pure scientists tend to look down upon applied investigationC.the discover of X-rays was made in applied researchD.the classification of research into “pure“ and “applied“ is neither accurate nor impersonal24.Which of the following most accurately describes the pattern of the passage?（分数：1.00）A

22、The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and the applied and then analyze the reasons for the intellectual snobbery and tendency to look down on the one of the two.B.The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and the applied and then presents

23、his own classification.C.The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and the applied and then points out that the classification results from two false ideas.D.The author first points out the practical importance of applied research and then criticizes those who look down o

24、n applied research.25.In applied investigation, _.（分数：1.00）A.research workers are allowed to follow unexpected, interesting cluesB.scientists make a discovery first, and then try to use itC.it is the man who is given supportD.results of practical value are to be achieved六、BSection B/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)

25、26.The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_27.What did non-native English teacher deserve but seldom enjoy?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_28.What kind of people is now more likely to find a job as an English teacher?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_29.What is the result of the “new form of di

26、scrimination“ (Line 5, Para 4)?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_30.The phrase “the linguistically oppressed“ (Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_七、BPart Cloze Te(总题数：10，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_八、BPart Translat(总题数：1，分数：3.00)41.To take ad

27、vantage of the Internet, some impoverished (贫穷) countries will have to get their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty(主权) might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic struc

28、tural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnt have the capital to do so. And that is why Americas Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The Englis

29、h, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britains former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans.（分数：3.00）_九、BSection B/B(总题数：1，分数：3.00)42.所有这一切引发了信任危机。美国人不再把繁荣看成是理所当然的事，他们开始相信自己缺乏经营之道，他们相信他们的收入不久也会下降。80 年代中期，对美国工业下滑的原因进行了一

30、次又一次的调查，惊人的发现不时的告诫他们，海外的竞争实力越来越强大，情况变化多快呀! 1995 年当日本不断奋力拼搏时，美国却可以回顾这五年稳固发展的历程。（分数：3.00）_十、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)43.Various Energy Sources Transformed into Electricity in the U. S. A （分数：20.00）_考博英语-44 答案解析(总分：66.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.According to the opponents, Termin

31、ator will do all the following EXCEPT that _.（分数：1.00）A.Terminator will result in raising the seed priceB.Terminator will make corns not mature to bear seedsC.Terminator will contaminate ordinary cropsD.Terminator will not be poisonous to other plants 解析：文中第四段列出了反对者们的意见，他们认为 Terminator plants could

32、drift with the wind like a toxic cloud，cross with ordinary crops or wild plants，选项 D说 Terminator不会污染其它植物不正确。2.Whats the tone of the author towards “Terminator?（分数：1.00）A.Objective.B.Mildly critical. C.Indifferent.D.Pessimistic.解析：从文中作者对 Terminator的描述以及对其生产者 Monsanto的评价可以看出作者对之是持批评态度的。3.According to

33、Monsanto, the invention of Terminator will NOT _.（分数：1.00）A.stop illegal replanting of seeds in the developing countriesB.protect their intellectual-property fightsC.biologically carry out the agreements with the farmersD.make all plants sterilized 解析：Monsanto 发明 Terminator是从自己的利益出发的，是为了阻止农民重复利用种子，为

34、了保护自己的知识产权和从生物学上保证条约的实施，选项 D的内容不是 Monsanto考虑的范围。4.Before Terminator, farmers _.（分数：1.00）A.are required to buy new load of seeds every yearB.axe often caught by the police replanting the seeds C.can replant the seeds under the permission from MonsantoD.obey the agreements signed with Monsanto解析：在 Mon

35、santo发明新品种 Terminator之前，第二段提到 it works only if farmers honor itsomething thats difficult to police in the U.S.，表明农民们并未按照协议重新购买种子，而是留原来植物的种子，这使得美国警察很苦恼。5.The best title for the passage will be _.（分数：1.00）A.The Suicide Seeds B.Monsanto-Leading Biotech CompanyC.Sterility in BiologyD.Against New Science

36、解析：本文主要讲的就是 Monsanto生产的新种子 Terminator，它具有不育的特点，并有可能危害其他物种，选项 A能概括文章内容。二、BPassage 2/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)6.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE of the last hundred years?（分数：1.00）A.Fossil fuels were burned for the first time.B.The average temperature at the Earths surface has become 2

37、cooler.C.The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably. D.The amount of farmland worldwide has doubled.解析：从第二段 The burning of fossilhave increased atmospheric carbon dioxide by a bout l5 percent in the last hundred years可知过去的 100年中，化石燃料的使用使得空气中二氧化碳增长了 15%，选项 C说二氧化碳增加量是可度量的，

38、符合文意。7.The primary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.discuss the significance of increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere B.warn of the dangers of continued burning of fossil fuelsC.explain how a constant temperature is maintained in the Earths surfaceD.demonstrate the usefu

39、lness of mathematical models in predicting long-range climatic change解析：本文通过数学计算给出人们空气中 carbon dioxide的增加状况，并通过具体数字说明了其增加会带来什么后果，选项 A符合文意。8.It can be concluded from information contained in the text that the average temperature at an altitude of I kilometer above the Earth is about _.（分数：1.00）A.15B.

40、18C.2.5D.9 解析：文中第三段说位于地面上方 5到 6千米的 radiating level温度是18，而每接近地面 1千米气温就会上升 6，通过计算可以得出距地面 1千米的空气温度是 9。9.According to the passage, the greatest part of the solar energy that reaches the Earth is _.（分数：1.00）A.reflected back to space by snow and iceB.concentrated at visible wavelengths C.absorbed by carb

41、on dioxide moleculesD.absorbed by atmospheric water vapor解析：从文中第一段 allow radiation at visible wavelengths，where most oft he energy of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through)可以判断大部分太阳能量集中在 visible wavelengths。10.Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward the increasing amount

42、 of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its consequences?（分数：1.00）A.Objective yet concerned. B.Angry yet resigned.C.Completely detached.D.Incredulous.解析：本文作者用数字计算客观陈述了二氧化碳的现状，从第二段 Today，however， the potential problem is too much carbon dioxide等处可以看出作者对其增加是充满忧虑的。三、BPassage 3/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)11.Which

43、 of the following statements about weight control is NOT TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The exercise is the secret to permanent and successful weight control.B.Combining exercises with a reduced-calorie diet makes it easier to lose weight.C.Healthy weight control means losing primarily fat, not muscle or water.D.E

44、at less and skip the exercise is an easy and effective way of losing weight. 解析：文中第二段作者说节食，但不运动，会 Easier，yes，but not nearly as effective nor as much fun，可以看出选项 D表述与文意不符。12.Most middle-aged people get fatter, mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.they made dietary changes when they grow oldB.of their sedentary

45、 livingC.they dont exercise regularlyD.the chemical activity in their body that uses the food to produce energy slows down 解析：文中第四段给出中年人会发福的原因之一是 your metabolism would slow down as you get older，选项 D意思是体内用以产生能量的化学分解活动速度减慢，与原文新陈代谢减慢符合。13.What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The slower peo

46、ple lose weight, the less likely they are to achieve their goals.B.People who are on diet merely lose muscle and water.C.Regular exercises may reduce the chance of getting certain chronic diseases. D.Physical activity use muscle tissue as its main source of energy.解析：从文中第一段 most of the chronicailmen

47、tscould be tempered by regular exercise可推断规律性锻炼能够减少患慢性疾病的机率。14.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Eating Without Gaining.B.Exercise-An Effective Weight-loss Tool. C.Metabolic Changes in Human Body.D.Ways of Weight Control.解析：本文主要讲述了 regular exercise对健康和保持体形的作用，并指出与节食相比，它的有效性。15.The passage is mainly about _.（分数：1.00）A.how to keep fitB.how to lose weigh