【考研类试卷】考博英语-480及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-480 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to _ to the school rules.（分数：1.00）A.concedeB.conformC.complyD.confront2.The Barbie doll comes with a whole range of _ that you can dress her in.（分数：1.00）A.outlooksB.outlin

2、esC.outskirtsD.outfits3.The negotiations which _ the signing of the treaty took place over a number of years.（分数：1.00）A.precededB.prescribedC.proceededD.processed4.He passed _ hours in the library; he acquired information relative to the subject he was going to expound.（分数：1.00）A.resultingB.resultat

3、iveC.resultfulD.resulting5.The preserved food should retain palatable appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as its original nutritional value.（分数：1.00）A.tastyB.stylishC.delicateD.notable6.From 1965 to 1978 American consumer prices increased at an average annual rate of 5.7 percent. This ominous s

4、hift was followed by consumer price gains of 13.3 percent in 1979.（分数：1.00）A.promisingB.overwhelmingC.threateningD.astonishing7.Cant you speak more _ to your parents?（分数：1.00）A.respectablyB.respectinglyC.respectivelyD.respectfully8.We were frightened by the _ of the crowd.（分数：1.00）A.hospitalityB.hon

5、estyC.humanityD.hostility9.Trees that _ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down.（分数：1.00）A.blockB.inhibitC.reviseD.alter10.I dont know how to interpret her remark. I think it was deliberately _.（分数：1.00）A.distinctB.ambiguousC.suspiciousD.invisible11.Once the _ contradiction is grasped, a

6、ll problems will be readily solved.（分数：1.00）A.principleB.principalC.potentialD.primitive12.The United States and Canada are lands of _ except for the Indians, who are the only true natives.（分数：1.00）A.emigrantsB.immigrantsC.dwellersD.inhabitants13.This can help to _ something that the students may no

7、t have comprehended.（分数：1.00）A.signifyB.specifyC.testifyD.clarify14.To our disappointment, the guide also only has a slight _ with Italian.（分数：1.00）A.recognitionB.orientationC.acquaintanceD.familiarity15.He gave his work to his friend to _, because he found it hard to see his own mistakes.（分数：1.00）A

8、.adjustB.compileC.reviseD.verify16.I asked my mother if I could go out, and she _.（分数：1.00）A.descendedB.contentedC.consentedD.ascended17.If you want to go to the concert, youll have to make a _, or there will be no tickets.（分数：1.00）A.reservationB.punctualityC.complimentD.clarity18.European conservat

9、ives, until the end of the 19th century, rejected democratic principles and institutions. Instead they opted for monarchies or for authoritarian government.（分数：1.00）A.choseB.constructedC.conceivedD.conserved19.The patient is not in good condition, so do not _ your visit.（分数：1.00）A.lengthenB.delayC.e

10、xtendD.prolong20.A good deal of the _ for his achievement in this field must go to his supervisor, Professor Fang.（分数：1.00）A.creditB.reputationC.respectD.praise21.He is a very _ character; he is never relaxed with strangers.（分数：1.00）A.self-confidentB.self-consciousC.self-evidentD.self-serving22.Some

11、 _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble.（分数：1.00）A.seeminglyB.satisfactorilyC.uniformlyD.universally23.A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in _ this system.（分数：1.00）A.definingB.implyingC.reducingD.perfecting24.There was a noisy _ at the back of the hall when the speaker beg

12、an his address.（分数：1.00）A.interactionB.irritationC.disturbanceD.interruption25.The Austrian manufacturing industry consists of a few large organizations, many of which operate under government auspices.（分数：1.00）A.supervisionB.orientationC.regulationD.sponsorship26.As with a human baby, you must be p

13、atient, _ and understanding of your pets mistakes.（分数：1.00）A.tolerantB.strictC.obedientD.durable27.David _ his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their other guests.（分数：1.00）A.attributedB.contributedC.acknowledgedD.pledged28.The travel agency has a full program of _, if tourists wish

14、 to visit local places of interest.（分数：1.00）A.expeditionsB.excursionsC.explorationsD.propositions29.In 1982, Hitachi was indicted for stealing confidential documents from IBM. As part of a court settlement, the company paid IBM hundreds of millions of dollars.（分数：1.00）A.condemned forB.accused ofC.di

15、sciplined forD.disapproved of30.If prisoners behave well they are allowed the _ of visiting their families at the weekend.（分数：1.00）A.equalityB.securityC.privilegeD.prestige31.The room is so _ with furniture that its hard to move about.（分数：1.00）A.muddledB.clutteredC.distributedD.scattered32.Americans

16、 are highly _, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.（分数：1.00）A.movingB.mobileC.movableD.motional33.Violence is just one of the many problems _ in city life.（分数：1.00）A.abundantB.inherentC.substantialD.coherent34.He _ his old car for a new one as soon as he had won

17、 the prize.（分数：1.00）A.replacedB.convertedC.exchangedD.interchanged35.Youll find that the community has _ great changes since you were here last time.（分数：1.00）A.submittedB.sustainedC.perceivedD.undergone36.Economic theory would predict that a fall in the price of a commodity would lead to an increase

18、 in _.（分数：1.00）A.assumptionB.resumptionC.consumptionD.presumption37.You dont have to _ yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home.（分数：1.00）A.justifyB.hinderC.indulgeD.appoint38.Youve been talking with David all evening when you ought to be _ with other guests.（分数

19、：1.00）A.blendingB.integratingC.minglingD.incorporating39.I arrive at nine oclock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning _.（分数：1.00）A.habitB.customC.practiceD.routine40.The presidents _ remarks in his speech met with a lot of attacks from other countries.（分数：1.00）A.offens

20、iveB.impressiveC.permissiveD.expressive二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Love cant conquer all. So, before couples tie the knot, they should know what theyre getting into. The taboo against couples living together before marriage is decreasing, and more and more people a

21、re saying “I do“ after theyve spent months, or even years, living together.As much as a person loves another, he or she never really knows what happens behind closed doors unless he or she is standing on the other side. While some people view living together before marriage as immoral, couples are a

22、ctually expanding the boundaries of their relationship by moving in together. For example, the division of household responsibilities can be a major issue for newlyweds. By living together, couples can solve imbalances in the distribution of those responsibilities before someone realizes he or she h

23、as married a lazy bum.This may seem like a small point, but how many women and men are out there who never thought they would be the only ones cooking, washing dishes, vacuuming, mopping, scrubbing, disinfecting, cleaning laundry, dusting, etc.?One of the largest problems in marriages is the “m“ wor

24、d: money. If couples live together before marriage, they learn one anothers saving and spending styles. By sharing expenses, people learn not only how each person controls the purse strings but how to discuss finance matters with each other. Its important for couples to figure out budget priorities

25、before they are married, and this is difficult to do unless a person has been sharing expenses with his or her partner. If couples dont have their financial issues in order, they are bound to surface, causing trouble in the marriage.Its also difficult to know someone intimately without living with h

26、im or her. A special bond forms between people who share their living space; their personal belongings, and their lives together. Some things you just dont know until youve lived with someone.While some people believe living together before marriage is inappropriate, like most everything else in thi

27、s .country, it is a choice that everyone should respect. Living together can be a positive experience that will later reinforce a marriage, but it can also be something that ends a relationship. But if a relationship is going to end, its better people discover the hard truth before they marry. Even

28、though two people love each other and enjoy spending time together, the real question is, can you live together? People might want to find out before they make the serious decision to marry.（分数：5.00）(1).“Tie the knot“ in the first line of the first paragraph means _.（分数：1.00）A.getting acquainted wit

29、h each otherB.dating each otherC.living together before marriageD.getting married(2).According to the author, through living together _.（分数：1.00）A.a couple can reinforce their loveB.a couple can learn who is better at doing the houseworkC.a couple can save some money for their marriageD.a couple can

30、 know each other intimately(3).To some people, living together before marriage is unacceptable because _.（分数：1.00）A.it is immoral and inappropriateB.it may end a relationship more quicklyC.it is a shame to the couples parentsD.it will cause many social problems(4).Which of the following is not true

31、according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Living together before marriage is now more acceptable than before.B.Little household chores can cause trouble in ones marriage.C.Love is the guarantee of a happy marriage.D.Newly-weds often has many life imbalances to fac(5).An important point the author made in

32、this passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.living together before marriage is significant; every couple should tryB.living together before marriage is a choice that should be respectedC.living together is the best way to bridge the gaps between a coupleD.living together is a symbol of the modern form of civilizat

33、ion四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gamblin

34、g father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, .ordering, and the taking of censuses - all of which led to modern descriptive sta

35、tistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence,

36、 or grade level variables, that are characterized by an underlying continuum or the data may represent qualitative variable, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptiv

37、e statistics is tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This gen

38、eral class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever

39、. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is

40、to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following are counting and describing associated with?（分数：1.00）A.descriptive statisticsB.unknown variablesC.qualitative changesD.inferential stati

41、stics(2).Why does the author mention the “mother“ and “father“ in the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.to present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable wayB.to point out that parents can teach their children statisticsC.to explain that there are different kinds of variablesD.to int

42、roduce inferential statistics(3).Which of the following is true of descriptive statistics?（分数：1.00）A.It leads to increased variability.B.It solves all numerical problems.C.It simplifies unwieldy masses of data.D.It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.(4).What is the purpose of ex

43、amining a sample of a population?（分数：1.00）A.to tabulate collections of dataB.to compare different groupsC.to consider all the quantitative variablesD.to predict characteristics of the entire population(5).Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?（分数：1.00）A.How to Use Descripti

44、ve StatisticsB.Applications of Inferential StatisticsC.The Development and Use of StatisticsD.The Brawbacks of Descriptive and Inferential Statistics五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)There are so many bad things about women drivers, I dont know where to start. I guess I will get the bail rolling by talk

45、ing about one of my biggest pet peeves. Why do women have to wait until they are in the car and barreling down the highway at sixty miles an hour before they decide it is time to put on their makeup?Is there a law that I dont know about that says women have to do their makeup in the car because the

46、bathroom isnt good enough for them? I dont know if anyone has ever informed women, but the mirror in the car is not a makeup mirror. The mirror is used for looking at other cars and pedestrians. So please do us all a favor and do your makeup before you leave the house.The next order of business for

47、the men should be to find out whose brilliant idea it was for women to have a phone in the car. This has disaster written all over it. Everyone knows that women cant even walk and chew gum at the same time, so how in the hell are they going to drive and talk on the phone? Why is it that every time y

48、ou are sitting at a red light the woman in front of you thinks this is a good time to make a phone call? “HELLO LADY. THE LIGHT IS GREEN, GET OFF THE PHONE AND GO!“ I really think we need to outlaw women using their cell phones while they drive.Another accident waiting to happen is when you get two

49、women in the same car together. How many times have you seen two women just yakking away and the driver isnt paying attention to where she is going? There is either one of two things that happens when two women get in the car together. One. The women are talking and the driver doesnt see the stop sign in front of her, so she runs it. Two: The two women are talking and