【考研类试卷】考博英语-486及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-486 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Anthropologists are translators: they translate culture in an attempt to make exotic experience _to others who have not suffered or enjoyed it.（分数：1.00）A.intelligibleB.intelligentC.intellectualD.intellective2.Responsibility rest

2、s with government, which should _ serious and transparent debate Between those of different opinion, and provide the public with the honest evidence they need and deserve.（分数：1.00）A.cherishB.startleC.cultivateD.vitalize3.Not content to _ along in ignorance and on her own, Patty began reading everyth

3、ing she could get and immediately set out to develop a network of gardening colleagues.（分数：1.00）A.fumbleB.mumbleC.rumbleD.tumble4.Dublin will no longer _its constitutional claim to Northern Ireland, as it had promised to do on Sunday.（分数：1.00）A.evokeB.invokeC.provokeD.revoke5.Its a simple bed with a

4、 basic metal frame but at the head on the right there is a leather _for restraining the victims.（分数：1.00）A.stripB.strapC.stripeD.slit6.We found that television and radio _ far fewer complaints than did the printed medi（分数：1.00）A.A. keep pace withB. take note ofC. give rise toD. make sense of7.We wor

5、k hard to keep all coffees_, but many of the varieties are difficult to obtain.（分数：1.00）A.in storeB.in stockC.in stackD.in reserve8.Britains leading swimmers are facing a test of their _ as well as their skills at the Olympic trials in Sheffield.（分数：1.00）A.staminaB.agilityC.fortitudeD.valor9.Let us

6、_ confidently into the new Millennium and embrace the challenges and opportunities it will offer us and generations to come.（分数：1.00）A.strollB.sweepC.strideD.scurry10.A woman enters a hospital ward determined to torture the comatose wife of her ex-lover and _him for herself.（分数：1.00）A.acclaimB.excla

7、imC.proclaimD.reclaim11.Heather scrupulously avoided any topic likely to _ suspicion as to his motives.（分数：1.00）A.arouseB.promptC.dispelD.relate12.Look, if you were interested in science, it would be like having a chance to rub shoulders with people of Einsteins _.（分数：1.00）A.statusB.statueC.statuteD

8、.stature13.He had _ an emergency operation for a stomach condition, which makes doctors solemnly assured that he was potentially fatal.（分数：1.00）A.underlainB.underlinedC.undergoneD.undertaken14.Mary Robinson has been formally _ as Irelands first woman president.（分数：1.00）A.sworn inB.told offC.spelt ou

9、tD.picked up15.“Its almost eight oclock.“ As if_ the bell in the church began to toll for Matins.（分数：1.00）A.on trialB.on viewC.on cueD.on sale16.If some of the players are not available to attend the NEC, we will make arrangements for the winning readerswho will be selected_to meet the stars at a la

10、ter date and present their award in person.（分数：1.00）A.at largeB.at intervalsC.at randomD.at length17.The communities that I come from are very nervous about the outcome of what were doing because it seems _ even if the outcome is good.（分数：1.00）A.precariousB.precautiousC.preciousD.premature18.Congres

11、s shah make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise_; or abridging the freedom of speech, and the right of the people peaceably to assemble.（分数：1.00）A.thereforeB.thereinC.therebyD.thereof19.More probably he had tapped a fresh source of energy in himselfthe po

12、wer of lovewhich made him feel_.（分数：1.00）A.invaluableB.invincibleC.invariableD.invisible20.The President declined to deliver the speech himself, _ a sore throat.（分数：1.00）A.in the wake ofB.by virtue ofC.with regard toD.on account of二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Lobbying groups often try to disguise a f

13、inancial self-interest by clumsily dressing up their arguments in the guise of concern for the public. You see this tendency in the pharmaceutical industry (21) in energy and lumber companies who like to tout their (22) of the environment. But (23) , two new books argue, are these tactics more (24)

14、a cause for concern than in agribusiness.Marion Nestles “Food Safety: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bio-terrorism looks at the way the American meat and biotechnology industries have (25) successfully on Capitol Hill (26) stricter federal regulation, which the author argues has undermined the safety

15、of the food supply.(27) , Maxime Schwartzs “How the Cows Turned Mad“ (28) the origins of mad-cow disease over more than two centuries, and reveals the fallout from the British governments blind (29) that the disease could not be (30) to humans.In 1999, Ms Nestle writes in her earlier book, Rosemary

16、Mueklow, the executive director of the National Meat Association, lobbied against President Clintons (31) to establish a more thorough testing regime for E. coli 0157: H7, a potentially (32) pathogen.Ms Muck lows organizationwhich represents meatpackers and processors who (33) to discard or reproces

17、s meat found to be infected under the new testing regimeargued on Capitol Hill that (34) microbial testing in meat could actually lead to a greater public health risk (35) confident consumers might relax their own safe-handling procedures at home.（分数：15.00）A.asB.other thanC.thanD.andA.relationshipB.

18、membershipC.stewardshipD.friendshipA.anywhereB.nowhereC.somewhereD.elsewhereA.forB.ofC.asD.withA.launchedB.imposedC.campaignedD.ledA.againstB.withC.toD.overA.HoweverB.MeanwhileC.AccordinglyD.Worse stillA.findsB.exploresC.tracesD.goesA.guaranteeB.confirmationC.assurancesD.insurancesA.transformedB.tra

19、nsmittedC.transportedD.infectedA.attemptB.stabC.associationD.bidA.deadB.deadlyC.liveD.livelyA.would have hadB.would haveC.may haveD.will haveA.decreasedB.eliminatedC.lessD.increasedA.thoughB.providedC.sinceD.even if三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：2.5

20、0)Once upon a time there lived a beautiful young woman and a handsome young man. They were very poor, but as they were deeply in love, they wanted to get married. The young peoples parents shook their heads. “You cant get married yet,“ they said. “Wait till you get a good job with good prospects.“ S

21、o the young people waited until they found good jobs with good prospects and they were able to get married. They were still poor, of course, but large organizations lent him the money he needed to buy a house, some furniture, all the latest electrical appliances and a car. The couple lived happily e

22、ver after, paying off debts for the rest of their lives. And so ends another modern romantic fable.We live in a materialistic society and when we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surprise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money you earn. We spend the whole of our l

23、ives keeping up with the Joneses. If we buy a new car, we can be sure that Jones will go on better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for himself. The most amusing thing about this game is that the Joneses and all the neighbors who are struggling frantically to keep up with them are spen

24、ding borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc.It is not only in affluent societies that people are obsessed with the idea of making more money. Consumer goods are desirable everywhere and modern industry deliberately sets

25、out to create new markets. Gone are the days when industrial goods were made to last forever. The wheel of industry must be kept turning. “Built-in obsolescence“ provides the means: goods are made to be discarded. Cars get tinnier and tinnier. You no sooner acquire this years model than you are thin

26、king about its replacement.（分数：2.50）(1).From the first paragraph, we can infer that _.（分数：0.50）A.good job with good prospects can have a good marriageB.those who are poor cant get marriedC.parents should be responsible for planning their childrens futureD.even marriage is closely related with money(

27、2).The expression “keep up with the Joneses“ might mean_.（分数：0.50）A.maintain a high standard of achievementB.compete socially with your neighbors or associatesC.prevent something from movingD.continue to be in contact with someone(3).According to the author, what is the common practice in a material

28、istic society?（分数：0.50）A.One can satisfy his emergency needs by buying things on credit.B.A car owner can replace his old car with a new one for little amount of money.C.A poor man can borrow money from the rich at a lower rate of interest.D.The richer you are, the more you are obsessed with the ide

29、a of making money.(4).Which of the following is true according to the author?（分数：0.50）A.Interest in earning money is not only a modern phenomenon.B.Money is one thing and love is another.C.Money seems extremely important today.D.Love without money is a field without water.(5).What is the best title

30、for the passage?（分数：0.50）A.Keep Up with the JonesesB.The Only Thing People Are Interested Today Is Earning More MoneyC.Love Me, Love My DogD.Money Makes the Mare Go六、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：2.50)Battles are like marriages. They have certain fundamental experience they share in common; they differ infinit

31、ely, but still they are all alike. A battle seems to me a conflict of wills to the death in the same way that a marriage of love is the identification of two human beings to the end of the creation of lifeas death is the reverse of life, and love of hate. Battles are commitments to cause death as ma

32、rriages are commitments to create life. Whether, for any individual, either union results in death or in the creation of new life, each risks itand in the risk commits himself.As the servants of death, battles will always remain horrible. Those who are fascinated by them are being fascinated by deat

33、h. There is no battle aim worthy of the name except that of ending all battles. Any other conception is, literally, suicidal. The fascist worship of battle is a suicidal drive; it is love of death instead of life.In the same idiom, to triumph in battle over the forces which are fighting for death is

34、-again literally-to triumph over death. It is a surgeons triumph as he cuts a body and bloodies his hands in removing a cancer in order to triumph over the death that is in the body.In these thoughts I have found my own peace, and I return to an army that fights death and cynicism in the name of lif

35、e and hope. It is a good army. Believe in it.（分数：2.50）(1).According to the author, battles are similar to marriages in that they are_.（分数：0.50）A.conflictsB.commitmentsC.involved with the life struggleD.ends(2).Although the author says that battles are horrible, he also says that_.（分数：0.50）A.most peo

36、ple find fascination in themB.there is no battle aim worthy of the nameC.one should love life and not deathD.fighting to end battles is justifiable(3).The author states that one who fights a battle toward any end other than peace is _.（分数：0.50）A.tainted by fascismB.misguided and unworthyC.victimized

37、 by unconscious drives to killD.bent on his own destruction(4).The article says that the individual, in battle and in marriage, must _.（分数：0.50）A.make a unionB.compromise his beliefsC.take the risks he has committed himself toD.recognize that death is the reverse of life(5).The author says that canc

38、er is _.（分数：0.50）A.a kind of death within the bodyB.often fatalC.death itselfD.like a battle七、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：3.50)Wholly aside from aesthetic and moral considerations, fashion is an economic absurdity, andthere is little to be said in its favor. Nevertheless, we Carl appreciate the wisdom in Gin

39、a Sombreros belief that the enormous stress which women lay on everything pertaining to clothes and the art of personal adornment is connected with the tendency to crystallize sentiment into an object. Woman symbolizes every important event in her life by a special dress; and a jewel or a beautiful

40、gown means to a woman what an official decoration means to a man.“If a womans clothes cost the funnily and society a little time, money, and activity, they allow woman, independent of lies and calumnies, to triumph and come to the fore outside of mans world and competition. They allow woman to satis

41、fy her desire to be the first in the most varied fields by giving her the illusion that she is first, and at the same time enabling her rival to have the same illusion. Clothes absorb some of womans activity which might otherwise be diverted to more or less worth-while ends; they give woman real sat

42、isfaction, a satisfaction complete in itself, and independent of others, and they constitute safety valve which saves society from much greater and more dangerous evils than those which they cause.“The aptness of these observations lies in the emphasis on clothes which are really beautiful and disti

43、nctive. But fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty; and fashion connotes conformity, not the individuality so cherished by our society and so artfully suggested by the copywriters. Many people who rigorously follow fashions believe they are following their own inclinations; they are unaware

44、of the primitive, tribal compulsion; and this is true of fashions in manners, morals and literature, as well as in clothes.（分数：3.50）(1).According to this article, fashion is hardly valued in terms of_.（分数：0.50）A.economyB.moralsC.politicsD.aesthetics(2).A womans clothes allow her to_.（分数：0.50）A.be th

45、e best, actually, in many fieldsB.rejoice outside of mans worldC.compete on an equal basis in a mans worldD.deceive both men and women(3).According to the article, womans absorption in clothes_.（分数：0.50）A.constitutes a great danger to societyB.indirectly discourages participation in more worth-while

46、 projectsC.saves society from more dangerous evils than those it causesD.is the only satisfaction a woman gets out of life(4).The author of this article believes that fashion_.（分数：0.50）A.is an unimportant force in a womans lifeB.promotes conformityC.promotes individualityD.is primarily concerued wit

47、h beauty(5).In the authors opinion, women who follow fashions rigorously _.（分数：0.50）A.are highly individualisticB.follow their own inclinationsC.obey a primitive, tribal impulseD.must be wealthy(6).According to this article, conformity in manners, morals, and literature_.（分数：0.50）A.is impossible bec

48、ause all artists are individualistsB.differs distinctly from conformity in fashionsC.stems from the same kind of impulses as does conformity in fashionsD.occurs because people are primitive(7).What is implied but not stated in the passage is that _.（分数：0.50）A.people who follow fashions are not reall

49、y following their own inclinations.B.fashion emphasizes clothes that are beautiful and distinctive.C.copywriters suggest that fashion connotes conformity.D.fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty.八、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Childrens fears come and go, but most children experience similar types of fears at approximately the same age. For toddlers, the worst fears are often assoc