【考研类试卷】考博英语-493及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-493 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：2，分数：5.00)A.On a subway.B.In an airport.C.Tm au airplane.D.In a bus station.A.He didnt understand what she was singing about.B.He has a few questions about her performance.C.He is sure what to ask her.D.She was defin

2、itely the best performer in the show.A.Can he stop and count the sandwiches?B.Did she pay for his sandwiches?C.Are his sandwiches included in the ones that were counted?D.Did she put his sandwiches in the picnic basket for him?A.She doesnt want to practice any more.B.Theyve been dancing since six oc

3、lock.C.The dance routine needs more tight turns.D.She will be ready to practice at six oclock.A.On the platform.B.At the information desk.C.On the train.D.Near the stairs.A.Shes a little tired.B.She is going to read.C.She wants to listen to music.D.Shes going to make a reservation,A.He got angry wit

4、h his boss.B.He always got to work latte.C.He was frequently sick and absent from work.D.He prepared a financial report incorrectly.A.In a dentists office.B.At the employment office.C.In a pharmacy.D.In a coffee shop.A.A handbook.B.Some medicine.C.A Canadian post-graduate.D.Some post-graduate work.A

5、In a book.B.In a newspaper.C.In a magazine.D.On the notice-board.三、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage A(总题数：1，分数：2.50)Time _ 11 2002Purpose To test how honest the US public officials are.To recover from a serious _ 12 scandal.City Miami Los AngelesNumber of wallets _ 13 20Whats in the wallets?Not menti

6、oned.various amounts of cash, names, addresses and phone numbers.ResultOnly 21 wallets were turned in, and two of them were without cash. A number of officers were fired or took early _ 14 after the report.Not a _ 15 was missing from the wallets which were given to officers.（分数：2.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空

7、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、Passage B(总题数：1，分数：2.50)(1).What is the main task of the United Nations Population Fund?（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_(2).How many people are there in the world today?（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_(3).By how much will the 49 least developed countries have grown in 50 years?（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_(4).Who will do m

8、ore harm to the environment in the coming years, a Chinese or a British child?（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_(5).Who should be given more power in order to slow population growth?（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_六、Passage C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 2123 are based on the passage about Freud. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions

9、 2123.（分数：1.50）(1).What are Freuds contributions to psychology?（分数：0.50）A.Human personality.B.His conscious theory.C.His flee will.D.Personality theory.(2).What did Freud think about one of his patients remarks “Ill play you later, Dr. Freud“?（分数：0.50）A.He was joking with Freud.B.He played in Freuds

10、 office.C.He unconsciously revealed his intention of refusing to pay.D.He only made an empty promise to Freud.(3).What was Freud primarily interested in?（分数：0.50）A.Money.B.Jewish civil rights.C.University setting.D.Theory.Questions 2426 are based on the passage about human intelligence. You now have

11、 15 seconds to read Questions 2426.（分数：1.50）(1).According to the passage, the average I. Q. is _.（分数：0.50）A.85B.100C.110D.125(2).This passage suggests that an individuals I. Q. _.（分数：0.50）A.can be predicted at birthB.stays the same throughout his lifeC.can be increased by educationD.is determined by

12、 his childhood(3).The best statement of the main idea of the passage is that _.（分数：0.50）A.human brains differ considerablyB.the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenceD.persons having identical brains will

13、 have roughly the same intelligenceQuestions 2730 are based on a dialogue about intermarriage. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 2730.（分数：2.00）(1).Which word may best describe two speakers positions on intermarriage?（分数：0.50）A.identicalB.contrastingC.causalD.biased(2).What does marriage usua

14、lly thrive on concerning customs and traditions?（分数：0.50）A.On a give-and-take policy.B.Beyond a give-and-take policy,C.In the manner of each others adaptation.D.Due to religious beliefs.(3).The cultural differences arise _.（分数：0.50）A.at the wedding.B.before intermarriage.C.after people get marriedD.

15、until recently.(4).What negative effects may the intermarriage most probably cause?（分数：0.50）A.A quick divorce.B.Cultural shock.C.A big gap between parents and children.D.Much suffering for the children.七、Part Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：20.00)1.The branches could hardly _ the weight of the fruit.（分数：0.50）A

16、retainB.sustainC.maintainD.remain2.My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I _ at a garage sale.（分数：0.50）A.trifled withB.scraped throughC.stumbled uponD.thirsted for3.Theres a whole of bills waiting to be paid.（分数：0.50）A.stockB.stackC.numberD.sequence4.Hes watchi

17、ng TV? Hes _ to be cleaning his room.（分数：0.50）A.knowB.supposedC.regardedD.considered5.The professors wife was in the kitchen preparing a salad and _ cold meat into neat thin pieces.（分数：0.50）A.sawingB.slittingC.slicingD.splitting6.Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire, we can report that

18、 the rebellion has in the main been _.（分数：0.50）A.canceledB.destroyedC.suppressedD.restrained7.He is holding a _ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.（分数：0.50）A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent8.Even when textbooks are _ through a school system, methods of teaching m

19、ay vary greatly.（分数：0.50）A.commonplaceB.standardizedC.competitiveD.generalized9.Competitors for the painting competition must _ their entries by Friday.（分数：0.50）A.giveB.offerC.grantD.submit10.Pine trees, of which them am almost one hundred _, are found throughout the North Temperate Zone.（分数：0.50）A.

20、speciesB.differencesC.similaritiesD.standards11.To keep with the new developments in this field he _ to a number of journals concerned with it.（分数：0.50）A.subscribedB.prescribedC.subsidizedD.substituted12.There is a _ difference in meaning between the words “surroundings“ and “environment“.（分数：0.50）A

21、gentleB.subtleC.feebleD.humble13.In previous times, when fresh meat was in short _, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.（分数：0.50）A.storeB.provisionC.reserveD.supply14.The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have _ supplies of petroleum.（分数：0.50）A.prof

22、icientB.efficientC.potentialD.sufficient15.Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, _ themselves.（分数：0.50）A.expandingB.stretchingC.prolongingD.extending16.All the parts of these washing machines are _, so that it is very convenient tO replace them.（分数：0.50）A.normal

23、izedB.modernizedC.mechanizedD.standardized17.Newborn calves had eye infections and _ their heads blindly on the bum wails.（分数：0.50）A.struckB.bewilderedC.besieged .D.battled18.Occasionally I read a passage or sentence over and over just to let the beauty of its construction _ in.（分数：0.50）A.soakB.fall

24、C.suckD.stick19.Many people like the color white as it is a _ of purity.（分数：0.50）A.symbolB.signC.signalD.symptom20.The reporter refused to name the _ of his information.（分数：0.50）A.basisB.originC.rootD.source21.A _ to this problem is expected to be found before long.（分数：0.50）A.resultB.responseC.settl

25、ementD.solution22.Already the class is _ about who our new teacher will be.（分数：0.50）A.foreseeingB.contemplatingC.speculatingD.fabricating23.Grain production in the world is _, but still millions go hungry.（分数：0.50）A.staggeringB.shrinkingC.soaringD.suspending24.Professor Taylors talk has indicated th

26、at science has a very strong on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（分数：0.50）A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact25.We are glad to inform you that your application for a post in our school has been _.（分数：0.50）A.succeededB.successfulC.succeedingD.successive26.When trapp

27、ed in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be _ in deeper.（分数：0.50）A.absorbedB.pushedC.heavedD.sucked27.Astronauts are _ all kinds of tests before they are actually sent up in a spacecraft.（分数：0.50）A.inclined toB.subjected toC.prone toD.bound to28.Stephen gripped the _ wheel hard as the car

28、bounced up and down.（分数：0.50）A.stirringB.drivingC.steeringD.revolving29.He was wet to the skin, his whole body was _ and trembling.（分数：0.50）A.stiffB.straightC.steadyD.hard30._ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.（分数：0.50）A.DislikeB.UnlikeC.AlikeD.Liking31.Competiti

29、on, they believe, _ the national character rather than corrupts it.（分数：0.50）A.enforcesB.confirmsC.intensifiesD.strengthens32.The _ of these good to the others is easy to see.（分数：0.50）A.prestigeB.superiorityC.priorityD.publicity33.I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a _ charac

30、ter.（分数：0.50）A.graciousB.suspiciousC.uniqueD.particular34.A friendship may be _, casual, situational, or deep and lasting.（分数：0.50）A.identicalB.originalC.superficialD.critical35.As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both _ targets and moving targets.（分数：0.50）A.standingB.stationaryC.stil

31、lD.stable36.The number of old people is to _ in the new century.（分数：0.50）A.swellB.switchC.sweepD.swing37.He is always here. Its _ youve never met him.（分数：0.50）A.uniqueB.strangeC.rareD.peculiar38.If you dont _ the children properly, Mr. Chiver, theyll just run riot.（分数：0.50）A.warrantB.superviseC.mobi

32、lizeD.manipulate39.Parts of the hard-working Wisconsin River _; its fish have a sulphurous odor.（分数：0.50）A.stinkB.dampC.junkD.foul40.You cant afford to let the situation get worse. You must take _ to put it right.（分数：0.50）A.decisionsB.directionsC.sidesD.steps八、Part Use of Englis(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Stand

33、ard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and winch is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers leaning the language. It is also the variety which is normally (71) by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other (72) situations. The difference between

34、 standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has (73) in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial (74) ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants.(75) , the standard variety of English is based on the London (76) of English that developed after the Norman Co

35、nquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one (77) by the educated, and it was developed and promoted (78) a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the (79) that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such ex

36、port. Today, (80) English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are (81) the same everywhere in the world where English is used; (82) among local standards is really quite minor, (83) the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties have very (84) difference from one a

37、nother so far as grammar and vocabulary are (85) . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous (86) on all local varieties, to the extent that many long-established dialects of England have (87) much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be (88) . This

38、latter situation is not unique (89) English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are (90) . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的) ones.（分数：10.00）A.saidB.tol

39、dC.talkedD.spokenA.sameB.similarC.equalD.identicalA.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everythingA.languageB.vocabularyC.idiomsD.wordsA.SurprisinglyB.HistoricallyC.InterestinglyD.GenerallyA.accentB.pronunciationC.spellingD.dialectA.preferredB.learnedC.praisedD.createdA.toB.inC.asD.forA.basisB.normC.ruleD

40、varietyA.formalB.colloquialC.non-standardD.standardA.notB.veryC.much.D.hardlyA.variationB.standardizationC.unificationD.transformationA.there foreB.butC.so thatD.neverthelessA.greatB.muchC.noD.littleA.talkedB.concernedC.mentionedD.involvedA.pressB.pressureC.powerD.forceA.lostB.gainedC.missedD.gotA.

41、abandonedB.changedC.standardizedD.reformedA.inB.ofC.forD.toA.in the wayB.under wayC.out of the wayD.all the way九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：7.50)A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells tha

42、t might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said.But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec (魁北克), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body.

43、The study at Finlands Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said.“We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitiv

44、e approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,“ Leszczynski said.Nonetheless, the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phon

45、e radiation can weaken the brains protective shield against harmful substances.The Study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from

46、 the bloodstream, Leszczynski said.The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的), he said.“Increased protein acti

47、vity might cause cells to shrinknot the blood vessels but the cells themselvesand then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass,“ he said.Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that h

48、eadache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result.“These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,“ he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimers disease.“Where the truth is, I do not know,“ he said.Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use