【考研类试卷】考博英语-545及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-545 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.In his _ to further knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.（分数：1.00）A.attemptB.expeditionC.trialD.chase2.It was all agreed that the first problem t

2、he new government would have to _ was unemployment.（分数：1.00）A.gripB.tackleC.discernD.manipulate3.The manufacturers hoped that the motor show would _ their car sales.（分数：1.00）A.promiseB.liftC.intensifyD.boost4.The senator agrees that his support of the action would _ his chances for reelection.（分数：1.

3、00）A.obscureB.mystifyC.distinguishD.jeopardize5.Since most doctors are _ about effectiveness of the new medicine, they seldom recommend it to their patients.（分数：1.00）A.anxiousB.dubiousC.cynicalD.innocent6.The young man who saw the car _ into the river telephoned the police.（分数：1.00）A.plungedB.plunge

4、C.was plungingD.to plunge7.This platform would collapse if all of us _ on it.（分数：1.00）A.standB.stoodC.would standD.had stood8.When the new assembly line is complete, the factory will turn _ one thousand cars per day.（分数：1.00）A.inB.offC.outD.over9.We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for

5、 his judgment is always _.（分数：1.00）A.inexplicableB.healthyC.soundD.straight10.You can come with me to the museum Ibis afternoon _ you don t mind walking for half an hour.（分数：1.00）A.unlessB.so far asC.exceptD.if四、Part B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.He kept throwing us an apple of discord, we soon quarreled aga

6、in.（分数：1.00）A.(评判)不公B.(挑起)争端C.(分赃)不均D.背叛12.He is said to be equal to any task whatever.（分数：1.00）A.负责B.胜任C.疲于应付D.同等对待13.The United States was trying hard to smoke the enemy out of the holes in the target country.（分数：1.00）A.对敌人施以地毯式轰炸B.将敌人熏死在洞中C.引诱敌人出洞D.向洞中的敌人投掷毒气弹14.There are always a lot of straw po

7、lls before the general election of the President in the Unit ed States.（分数：1.00）A.无效投票B.拉拢选票C.民意测验D.正式投票15.Whenever we come to stay with them, we just live like fighting cocks.（分数：1.00）A.在争吵中度日B.吃不到任何好东西C.吃得到最好的东西D.自由自在16.I was shocked to learn that such an eminent professor was ignorant to a prover

8、b.（分数：1.00）A.普遍现象B.令人吃惊C.成语D.众所周知17.Those guys are continually quarrelling, but it is usually a storm in a teacup.（分数：1.00）A.不欢而散B.小题大做C.不可开交D.无事生非18.His elder sister, who works in the supermarket, is still on the shelf.（分数：1.00）A.童心未泯B.取货C.没出嫁D.休息19.The man told me under rose that he often took tro

9、uble on your account.（分数：1.00）A.不辞劳苦B.挑剔C.打理D.惹麻烦20.There are quite a few people who are willing to prostitute their intelligence for a mess of pottage.（分数：1.00）A.蝇头小利B.一锅粥C.眼前利益D.钱财五、Part C(总题数：15，分数：15.00)21.AESTHETICS: BEAUTY（分数：1.00）A.theology: moralsB.psychology: anxietyC.physiology: natureD.ep

10、istemology: knowledge22.MATRIX: NUMBERS（分数：1.00）A.gas: moleculesB.insurance: securitiesC.crystal: atomsD.base: athletics23.EDUCATE :CHILD（分数：1.00）A.cultivate: cropB.quench: fireC.secure: possessionD.care: doctor24.SLICE: CAKE（分数：1.00）A.mince: onionB.core: appleC.peel: peachD.crave: turkey25.CLAY: PO

11、RCELAIN（分数：1.00）A.flax: linenB.sand: sedimentC.computer: programD.soup: luncheon26.GOAD: DIRECT（分数：1.00）A.exhort: suggestB.instruct: teachC.persuade: convinceD.conspire: plan27.COIN: DENOMINATION（分数：1.00）A.book: titleB.officer: rankC.tree: woodD.doctor: nurse28.ECHO: SOUND（分数：1.00）A.reflection: ligh

12、tB.microphone: hearingC.conservation: talkD.implication: tone29.STANZA: POEM（分数：1.00）A.duet: chorusB.rhyme: verseC.passage: articleD.act: opera30.FLOWER: VIOLET（分数：1.00）A.stone: magentaB.pear: fruitC.cabbie: greenD.gem: turquoise31.PERPLEXED: CLARIFICATION（分数：1.00）A.relaxed: recreationB.learned: pro

13、fessionC.anxious: reassuranceD.upset: confidence32.ADULTERATE: PURE（分数：1.00）A.outstanding: excellentB.embellish: austereC.mosquito: bloodD.concentrate: part33.GLIMMER: DAZZLE（分数：1.00）A.bit: strikeB.recede: abandonC.murmur: resoundD.muse: ponder34.EGG: CHICKEN（分数：1.00）A.pearl: oysterB.roe: salmonC.fu

14、r: tigerD.bark: tree35.SCISSORS:TAILOR（分数：1.00）A.brush: painterB.computer: writerC.wagon: farmerD.saw: carpenter六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Passage 1(总题数：4，分数：8.00)36.The word “tycoon“ in the last paragraph is _.（分数：2.00）A.derived from a Japanese word, meaning a businessman with great wealt

15、h and powerB.an English translation of a Russian word, meaning a man of great consequenceC.borrowed from Portuguese, meaning an industrialist with a great man of money obtained illegallyD.rarely used now because of its derogatory meaning37.According to the passage, during the Civil War the South no

16、longer provided the North with _.（分数：2.00）A.cottonB.shoesC.hidesD.wool38.Which of the following is implied by the writer of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The students of the Civil War usually concentrate on the economy.B.The families of the Civil War are extremely worded about their living.C.The students

17、of the Civil War usually concentrate on the battlefield.D.The families of the Civil War are extremely worded about the government.39.With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?（分数：2.00）A.The civilian response to the Civil War.B.The causes of the Civil War.C.Where the Civil War battles were f

18、ought.D.Why the South lost the Civil War.八、Passage 2(总题数：4，分数：8.00)40.According to the passage, the risk of infection from airborne microorganisms would likely be greater during a _.（分数：2.00）A.heat waveB.time of high humidityC.windless periodD.shortage of fuel oil41.It may be inferred from the passa

19、ge that _.（分数：2.00）A.bacteria can be most easily killed by removal of moistureB.drying out a house will eliminate the risk of airborne infectionC.hot-Mr heating is better than steam heating because steam heating uses waterD.none of the above42.The passage uses the term “vegetative forms“ to refer to

20、 _.（分数：2.00）A.plants that infest human habitationsB.the fact that bacteria are really vegetablesC.the growing stage of the bacteria as opposed to the dormant stageD.the difficulty in classifying the . types of bacteria43.Tuberculosis is highly infectious because _.（分数：2.00）A.spores are resistant to

21、dryingB.the causative organism is encapsulatedC.droplets of sputum remain infective for a long time due to the resistance of the organisms to dryingD.none of these九、Passage 3(总题数：4，分数：8.00)44.Artists in the period of Renaissance had the advantage of being able to study Roman and Greek literature and

22、 sculpture because _.（分数：2.00）A.they could obtain the first-hand materialsB.they could understand Greek and LatinC.they were more intelligent than modem menD.they were inspired by Roman and Greek literature45.Men could directly turn back to Greece and Rome for instruction, for correction, and for in

23、spiration in the following fields of their work except _.（分数：2.00）A.sculptureB.dramaC.poetryD.music46.In the passage the author implied that _.（分数：2.00）A.music did not exist before the Middle AgesB.we were not better off than the Greek and Roman menC.there was not enough evidence to prove that Weste

24、rn music was originated from the ancient Greece and RomeD.there were no authentic remains of the ancient Roman music47.The influence of Greece and Rome became greater in the fourteenth and fifteenth century because _.（分数：2.00）A.Roman and Greek works were better than the those of medieval Christian c

25、hurchB.Roman and Greek works were different from Medieval worksC.the Roman and Greek music became knownD.a lot of Roman and Greek works were discovered十、Passage 4(总题数：4，分数：8.00)48.The level of information in the passage above is suited to the needs of all of the following people except _.（分数：2.00）A.

26、an official of a research foundation who identifies research projects for potential fundingB.a state official whose position requires her to alert farmers about possible innovations in farmingC.a researcher whose job is to identify potentially profitable areas for research and product developmentD.a

27、 botanist Conducting experiments to determine the relationship between degree of mycorrhizal infection and expected uptake of phosphate49.It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following has been a factor influencing the extent to which research on mycorrhizal fungi has progressed?（分数

28、：2.00）A.Lack of funding for such researchB.lack of immediate application of such researchC.difficulties surrounding laboratory production of specimens for study.D.lack of a method for identifying mycorrhizal fungi50.Which of the following most accurately describes the passage?（分数：2.00）A.A descriptio

29、n of a replicable experimentB.A refutation of an earlier hypothesisC.A summary report of new findingsD.A confirmation of earlier research51.The passage suggests which of the following about the increased resistance to harmful root fungi that some Plants infected with mycorrhizal fungi seem to exhibi

30、t?（分数：2.00）A.There are at least three hypotheses that might account for the increase.B.The plants that show increased resistance also exhibit improved nitrogen fixation.C.Such increases may be independent of mycorrhizal infection.D.It is unlikely that a satisfactory explanation can be found to accou

31、nt for the increas十一、Passage 5(总题数：4，分数：8.00)52.Could a husband sell his wife s inheritance?（分数：2.00）A.No, under no circumstances.B.Yes, whenever he wished to.C.Yes, if his father-in-law agreed.D.Yes, if she agree53.A decimum was _.（分数：2.00）A.a written contractB.a gift of money to the new husbandC.t

32、he wife s inheritance from her fatherD.the wife s right to receive one-tenth of her husband s property54.Which of the following is not mentioned as an effect of the dowry system?（分数：2.00）A.The husband had to share the power of decision in marriage.B.The husband was given control over his wife s prop

33、erty.C.The wife gained a powerful economic position.D.The wife was protected from desertion.55.In the society described in the passage, the legal standing of the wife marriage was _.（分数：2.00）A.higher than that of her husbandB.lower than that of her husbandC.the same as that of her husbandD.higher th

34、an that of a single woman十二、Part Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)56.The recovery, of the US economy during the first quarter of this year has been so spectacular that it is creating a new set of risks for financial markets. The great new risks now facing the US economy center on mo

35、netary policy and the oil market. The current federal funds interest rate of only 1.75 percent has clearly become unsustainable in view of the economy s resilience. The Federal Reserve will raise interest rates by at least 0.25 percentage points during the second quarter and could increase short-ter

36、m interest rates to at least 3 percent before the autumn-the level they were at before September 11.Such tightening would probably cause refinancing to slump to about $ 300 billion at annual rates late this year, which would eliminate capital gains as a prop for consumer spending. Rising interest ra

37、tes could also damp the rally likely to occur in the equity market as corporate profits recover. If investment spending fails to revive, the economy s annual growth rate could slide back to the 2- 3 percent.The oil price is also a big risk, mainly because the Bush administration appears determined t

38、o attack Iraq. The probability of war could easily push the oil price back into the $ 35- $ 40 a bar rel range for at least a few months. In effect, that would impose a big new tax on consumer spending and corporate profits. The prospect of monetary tightening and a sharp increase in the oil price s

39、uggests that late 2002 and early 2003 could be a period of great volatility for the US economy.（分数：5.00）_十四、Part B(总题数：5，分数：20.00)57.天下极神奇极壮丽极鲜美文字，多在道藏。偶捡一二，眼界遂异。运思运笔，率尔改常世间何高语佛藏，曾不及此。（分数：4.00）_58.语言时空论是语言学这门科学的一个观点。它以时空差异关注语言的流变现象，因为语言的流变基本上是由时间和空间延展在强度和性质上的差异表现出来的。它寻求以客观和精确的方式来描写和揭示语言的基本概念、内在关系以及流

40、变机理，追索有关语言的现实知识。它观察语言流变的原理和规则，不是为了证明语言是按照某种原理和规则进行流变的，而是为了更好地理解语言的真实。（分数：4.00）_59.近年以至今后数年，对中国经济体制改革影响最大的事情，莫过于加入世界贸易组织。特别是近两年的各项改革，几乎无一不是在适应世贸组织的要求，且改革的步伐明显加快，改革也开始越来越深人到计划经济的最核心领域。因而，可以说，中国经济体制在经过了 20多年的渐进改革之后，终于开始大步迈向，市场经济的轨道了。（分数：4.00）_60.实验室工作的惟一任务就是使学生养成初步的实验能力。要达到这一目的，最好的办法就是让学生在解决简单的实验问题中获得一

41、些经验。（分数：4.00）_61.一般情况下，本刊按收到投稿的时间先后顺序，对每一篇作品按照规定的标准进行审阅，然后决定发表或退稿，同时向作者发出通知。审阅将在收到作者投稿后 2个月内完成。如果作者在投稿后 3个月内未收到录用通知或退稿信，可自行考虑投寄他刊。（分数：4.00）_考博英语-545 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.In his _ to further knowledge o

42、f the universe, man has now begun to explore space.（分数：1.00）A.attemptB.expeditionC.trialD.chase 解析：chase 追求，追赶；attempt 努力，尝试；expedition 远征，探险；trial 试验。2.It was all agreed that the first problem the new government would have to _ was unemployment.（分数：1.00）A.gripB.tackle C.discernD.manipulate解析：tackle

43、 the problem 解决问题；grip 掌握，控制；discern 认识，辨别；manipulate 操作，使用。3.The manufacturers hoped that the motor show would _ their car sales.（分数：1.00）A.promiseB.liftC.intensifyD.boost 解析：boost 推进；promise 允诺，答应；lift 举起，升高；intensify 加强，强化。4.The senator agrees that his support of the action would _ his chances fo

44、r reelection.（分数：1.00）A.obscureB.mystifyC.distinguishD.jeopardize 解析：jeopardize 危害，句意为“参议员承认自己对这个判决的支持会危害到他再次当选。”obscure 使不明显，使模糊；mystify 迷惑；distinguish 区别，辨别。5.Since most doctors are _ about effectiveness of the new medicine, they seldom recommend it to their patients.（分数：1.00）A.anxiousB.dubious C.

45、cynicalD.innocent解析：句意为“由于大多数医生对于新药的药效不是很确定，所以他们很少将其推荐给病人。”dubious可疑，不确定性，符合此意；anxious 紧张；cynical 愤世嫉俗的；innocent 无罪的，清白的。6.The young man who saw the car _ into the river telephoned the police.（分数：1.00）A.plungedB.plunge C.was plungingD.to plunge解析：see sthdo 表示看到事物动作的整个过程，这里表示看见车陷入河里。7.This platform w

46、ould collapse if all of us _ on it.（分数：1.00）A.standB.stood C.would standD.had stood解析：一般现在时的虚拟语气结构，主句用 would+动词，从句用一般过去式。8.When the new assembly line is complete, the factory will turn _ one thousand cars per day.（分数：1.00）A.inB.offC.out D.over解析：turn out 生产，制造；turn in 上交，交还；turn off 关掉；turn over 仔细考

47、虑。9.We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always _.（分数：1.00）A.inexplicableB.healthyC.sound D.straight解析：sound 可靠的，合理的；inexplicable 无法说明的；healthy 健康的；straight 直的。10.You can come with me to the museum Ibis afternoon _ you don t mind walking for half an hour.（分数：1.00）A.unlessB.so far asC.exceptD.if 解析：句意为“如果你不介意走半个小时路的话，你今天下午就跟我一块去博物馆吧。”可知为 D，其余三项均不通。四、Part B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.He kept throwing us an apple of discord, we soon quarrele