【考研类试卷】考博英语-585及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-585 及答案解析(总分：85.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：20.00)1.Confucianism has evolved into a culture of rationalistic traditionalism, a combina- tion of traditional _ and group virtues with a pragmatism shaped by the conditions of a new competitive env

2、ironment.A. helm B. assault C. filial D. derivation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.The wind may _ the palms in Langkawi, but windsurfing is the only way to enjoy it. The waters of Phuket are crystal clear, but snorkeling is merely an option.A. haunt B. rustle C. peep D. patent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.In _, the whole t

3、angled saga is a classic case of serious allegations falling through the cracks between federal, state and local jurisdictions and between state lines.A. countenance B. retrospect C. gauge D. injection（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.“Our life is _ away by detail. Simplify, simplify. “ That dictum of Henry David

4、Thoreaus, echoing from the days of steamboats and ox-drawn plows, had long haunted me.A. frittered B. quenched C. reproached D. scouted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.The view from the 23rd floor of the sleek tower on Barcelonas Avenida Diagonal _ opaquely as summer smog oozes across the Olympic landscape below.

5、A. subtracts B. shimmers C. simulates D. repents（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Special may be too impoverished a word to describe this triumph for a man who climbed to the pinnacle of sport from _ beginnings as the sponsor of a roller-hockey team.A. providential B. illicit C. obscure D. urbane（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7

6、.Veteran track trainer Johnson is scathing in his _ of the leaders of the I. O. C. , “These people are megalomaniacs. They are power-hungry administrators. “A. heredity B. helicopter C. appraisal D. flame（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.Now the _ port city near the mouth of the mighty Yangtze River is hoping to l

7、eave its record of turmoil behind and renew its status as the epicenter of Chinese modernization.A. flapped B. congested C. dined D. dictated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.I was _ to learn that you are going to spend the summer with your parents in Hong Kong.A. disgraced B. distracted C. thrilled D. bleached（分数

8、：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.It is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen _, and it will not be a long process.A. spontaneously B. consequently C. approximately D. principally（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.I had to take a step, even though I understand that that step was in the direction of _ rat

9、her than success.A. prestige B. coefficient C. catastrophe D. compliment（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.An enlarged prostate may _ the bladder and pinch off the urethra, causing pain and difficulty with urination.A. collaborate B. compress C. bother D. boil（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.We have many holidays from the end

10、of March till the beginning of April They are the best days for _.A. blade B. coincidence C. balcony D. entertainment（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Nor has Washington yet _ to Mexican demands for a treaty specifying extradition for U. S. officials who disregard the new stricture.A. profaned B. contemplated C.

11、acceded D. manipulated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.The area is _ with trails, some as wide as boulevards, that have been cut and maintained by elephants.A. blackmailed B. latticed C. isolated D. galloped（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.As a _ major, he enjoyed working in the steel plant.A. metallurgy B. geology C. astron

12、omy D. seismology（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.Being the manager of a large corporation, he has a great deal of _ to deal with every day.A. correspondents B. correspondence C. incidence D. dependence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.She bought various _, which later reminded her of the trip to Thailand.A. segments B. assig

13、nments C. pests D. souvenirs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.People are waiting for _ of whether the man is innocent or not.A. prediction B. perturbation C. expedition D. confirmation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.He is such a _ that he built a porch for his house last summer during his vacation.A. productive B. versatile

14、C. authoritative D. solitary（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.Laura, who comes from a wealthy family, spends most of her time enjoying herself, but takes _ pains with her lessons.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.She felt a bit _ in the autumn air so she went in to fetch a coat.A. chilly B.

15、 fresh C. shivering D. cool（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.After lunch I felt _ enough to ask my boss for a rise in my weekly wages.A. strong B. bold fearless C. fearless D. rash（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.24.An area of rich forests was _ to life.A. advantageous B. decorative C. attracted D. privileged（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.

16、As the clouds drifted away an even higher peak became _ to the climbers.A. visible B. obvious C. apparent D. plain（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.26.You must try your best to _ to the new environment.A. adopt B. adapt C. adjust D. affect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.The terrible noise is _ me mad.A. turning B. setting C. dr

17、iving D. putting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.He has just _ to a letter from a friend of his in Japan.A. answered B. offered C. returned D. replied（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.29.Colour-blind people often find it difficult to _ between blue and green.A. separate B. compare C. distinguish D. contrast（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.30.Bi

18、ll couldnt _ an answer when the teacher asked him why he was late.A. come up with B. come over C. come on D. come up to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.31.When he was asked about the missing camera, the boy _ ever seeing it.A. refused B. denied C. opposed D. pretended（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.32.I _ that you and Jim and Bil

19、l have all finished this work.A. doubt B. show C. display D. suspect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.33.He _ that he has discovered a new planet.A. permits B. claims C. classifies D. confesses（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.34.Attending to a wife and six children _ most of his times.A. gives up B. eats up C. takes up D. breaks up

20、（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.35.The actors have to _ before they appear in front of the strong lights on television.A. cover up B. make up C. paint up D. do up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.36.The nurse _ the doctor in the operation room.A. insisted B. resisted C. assisted D. persisted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.37.The Americans and th

21、e British not only speak the same language but also _ a large number of social customs.A. join B. take C. share D. have（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.38.The news you told me the other day has yet to be _.A. affirmed B. informed C. conformed D. confirmed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.39.Shes fainted. Throw some water on her fac

22、e and she may soon _.A. come round B. come back C. come again D. come out（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.40.Quite a lot of people watch TV only to _ time.A. waste B. spend C. kill D. while（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Section Reading Co(总题数：6，分数：30.00)“Dimpy“, as her friends call her, heard about the hazards of smoking in he

23、alth class. “They showed pictures of lungs of people who smoked. It was gross,“ says the petite 14year-old. Yet, as she shops along the Third Street Promenade in Santa Monica, Calif. , the ninth grader points out all the places where she regularly buys cigarettes without hassle. “All my friends smok

24、e,“ She shrugs, explaining the habit she developed in the sixth grade. “Once they pressure you, you start. And its kind of hard to stop. “As the cigarette industry draws increasing fire, teen smokers like Dimpy are becoming the focus of concerned policy makers around the country. Supported by a Univ

25、ersity of Michigan study showing a dramatic rise in adolescent tobacco use, the White House is considering ways to curb the surge. Among the options: eliminating cigarette vending machines, restricting tobacco advertising, increasing the federal excise tax on cigarettes and launching a national medi

26、a campaign directed at adolescents. A grand jury in New York has begun an investigation to determine whether Philip Moms Cos. concealed information linking nicotine levels and addictiveness. And the Justice Department is looking into whether tobacco company executives committed perjury in their Apri

27、l 1994 congressional testimony on how smoking affects health.Lack of credibility. But its tough to get an antismoking message through to teens. The California Department of Health Service spends $12 million a year placing antismoking commercials on television, including popular MTV programs, but man

28、y teenagers arent buying the message. Says Erica leona, who will enter eighth grade in the fall, “I dont think those ads work, because Its like a cartoon, its too exaggerated. “In fact, teens seem skeptical about the potential effectiveness of any organized efforts to reduce smoking, like increasing

29、 taxes. While research shows that every time taxes go up, sales go down, including among teens, young people say the cost is relatively low in comparison with other vices. “You want weed, itll cost you,“ says Robert Caldwell, 14. “For cigarettes, you just go anywhere, put 12 quarters into one of tho

30、se machines, take it and go. “ Other teens maintain that eliminating vending machines wont make cigarettes any harder to buy. “You give a guy enough to buy you a pack and a beer, and hell buy the pack,“ says Cameron Davis, 13. And advertising isnt really what entices adolescents to smoke. For the mo

31、st part, they say, teens smoke because of peer pressure. “Its like sex. “ says 13-year-old Frances, who started smoking at age 9. “You feel like, if you dont do it with your boyfriend, he wont like you. “In addition, messages that relate to health dont compute with adolescents, who often feel invinc

32、ible. It doesnt help, says Roxanne Cannon, editorial director of Teen and Sassy magazines, that so many teen idols such as Ethan Hawke, Jason Priestley and Luke Perry are seen smoking.Teens say any message is more effective if its communicated by other kids. But even a White House appeal made by Che

33、lsea Clinton might not get through to adolescents eager to smoke. “I dont listen to my mom when she tells me to stop,“ says Dimpy. “Why would I listen to anyone else. /（分数：5.00）(1).Dimpy, the girl named in this passage _.A. began to smoke when she was elevenB. became the focus of concerned policymak

34、ers because she has been smoking for quite a few yearsC. showed pictures of gross lungs of smokers to her fellow pupilsD. forgot the shops where she usually obtained her cigarettes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The efforts against adolescents smoking doesnt have desirable effect mainly because _.A. the anti-s

35、moking advertisements are not convincing owing to their exaggerationB. the teenage smokers developed the habit of smoking out of the compulsory pressure from their schoolmatesC. smoking is a relatively low-costing bad habitD. one can always get cigarettes in pubs when vending machines are removed（分数

36、：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It would be more effective to persuade the teenager smokers to give up smoking if _.A. the schools showed more pictures of smokers lungs to the teenager smokersB. the cigarette vending machines could be completely eliminatedC. the federal excise tax on cigarettes would be further i

37、ncreasedD. the teenager smokers would be convinced by their own fellow pupils（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It is suggested in the passage that _.A. teenagers are always more willing to accept their parents adviceB. some tobacco manufacturers probably have produced cigarettes with higher levels of nicotine th

38、an they admitC. the White House has already decided to scrap all the cigarette vending machines across the nationD. the Justice Department has found the tobacco company executives guilty of perjury（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When mentioning the California Department of Health Services efforts in placing an

39、tismoking commercials on television, including popular MTV programs, the writer hinted that _.A. the proportion of adolescent tobacco users has dramatically decreasedB. many adolescent smokers are successfully persuaded into giving up smokingC. some teenagers develop the habit of smoking rather than

40、 taking weed because cigarettes are relatively cheaperD. teenager smokers are quite certain about the effectiveness of the antismoking campaign（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.“It was the beginning of a revolution in America and the world, a revolution that some have yet to acknowledge and many have yet to apprecia

41、te,“ says Harold Skramstad, president of the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan. 17767 No indeed: 1896, when Frank Duryea finally perfected the Duryea Motor Wagon. At its first airing, the contraption rolled less than 100 metres before the transmission froze up. But by the end of 1896 Duryea ha

42、d sold 13 of them, thus giving birth to the American motor industry.That industry (whose roots, outside America, are usually attributed to tinkerings by Messrs Daimler and Benz in Germany) is being celebrated hugely over the coming months, culminating with a Great American Cruise in Detroit in June.

43、 “Our goal is to attract the greatest collection of antique and classic cars this nation has ever seen in one place at one time,“ says Mr. Skramstad modestly.Americans may indeed blame the car for almost everything that has happened to their country, and themselves, since 1896. The car has determine

44、d:The way they live. From cradle to grave, the car marks every rite of American passage. Home by car from the maternity ward; first driving licence (usually at the age of 16); first (backseat) sexual experience; first car of ones own (and the make of car is a prime determinant of social status, symb

45、olic of everything a person is or does). In Las Vegas, and elsewhere, Americans can get married at drive-in chapels. They then buy, or lust after, a house with garages big enough for not one but two or three cars. This allocates more space to cars than to children. And when the time comes, they may

46、lie in state at a drive-through funeral home, where you can pay your respects without pulling over.The way they shop. Main Street has been replaced by the strip mall and the shopping mall, concentrating consumer goods in an auto-friendly space. A large part of each shopping trip must now be spent, b

47、ags under chin, searching for the place where the car was left. (And another point: bags have annoyingly lost their carrying handles since shoppers ceased to be pedestrian) Since car-friendly living and shopping became the role, most builtup parts of America now look like every other part. There is

48、simply no difference between a Burger Inn in California and one on the outskirts of Boston.The way they eat. A significant proportion of Americans weekly meals are now consumed inside cars, sometimes while parked outside the (drive-by) eatery concerned, sometimes en route, which leads to painful spi

49、llages in laps, leading to overburdening of the legal system. Dozens of laws have been written to deal with car cases, ranging from traffic disputes to product liability. Drive-by shootings require a car, as do most getaways. The car is a great crime accessory; and it also causes the deaths of nearly 40,000 Americans every year.Personal fi