【考研类试卷】考博英语-613及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-613 及答案解析(总分：98.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：25.50)1.By dint of much practice, he became _ and was able to sign his name with either hand.A. practical B. tricky C. ambiguous D. ambidextrous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.Henry David Thoreau used to ramble through the woods before he wrote his m

2、ost famous book Walden (1854).A. roam B. linger C. wonder D. browse（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.His inability to learn foreign languages was a(n) obstacle to his career.A. barrier B. excess C. carrier D. impulse（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Because he is _ , we cannot predict what course he will follow at any moment.A.

3、incoherent B. quiet C. capricious D. harmful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.How are we going to _ the Partys birthday?A. celebrate B. appreciate C. concentrate D. praise（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Some people criticize family doctors for _ too many medicines for minor illnesses.A prescribing B ordering C advising D deliv

4、ering（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.It is the first of several agreements United States hopes to reach as it attempts to reduce, labor costs by $5.8 billion and _ bankruptcy.A. dispel B. revert C. transfer D. avert（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In the experiment we kept a watchful eye _ the developments and recorded every

5、detail.A in B at C for D on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.Practitioners of law and medicine are esteemed in many countries which seems to indicate that _ depends on profession or title.A. prestige B. superiority C. privilege D. merit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.There has been an increase in attendance at lectures _ by t

6、he World Affairs Council, which brings international issues to public attention.A. developed B. sponsored C. advanced D. promoted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.She claims to be very learned in biochemistry, but in fact _ she knows about it is all sadly out of date.A. so little B. that much C. what little D. ho

7、w much（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12._ this coming Thursday, it will be too late to enroll of the course.A. As of B. As for C. As to D. As on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Digging the garden with a spade is a very _ task. I am exhausted after such two-hours work.A. industrious B. manual C. conscientious D. laborious（分数：1

8、.00）A.B.C.D.14.The retired engineer plunked down $50,100 in cash for a midsize Mercedes as a present for his wifea purchase_with money made in the stock the week before.A. paid off B. paid through C. paid out D. paid for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.No one could come up with an easy solution to the government

9、s predicamentlabor _ which is caused by the wars.A decline B vacancy C rarity D shortage（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.In the past most pilots have been men, but today the number of women _ this field is climbing.A. shamming B. devoting C. registering D. pursuing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The school authority _ again

10、st students smoking both in the classrooms and at home.A. resolved B. determined C. banned D. prohibited（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.She_his invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A. inclined B. declined C. denied D. disinclined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Mr. White brought a countercharge against you because you

11、had_ him for smuggling several pieces of antiques and cultural relics.A. charged B. indicted C. accused D. prosecuted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.No other newspaper columnist has managed as yet to rival Ann Landers popularity in terms of readership.A. though B. in spite of this C. even D. so far（分数：1.00）A.B.

12、C.D.21.It is strictly _ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.A. secured B. forbiddenC. regulated D. determined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _ a sudden loud noise.A. being there B. there having beenC. there was D. s

13、hould there be（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.Now the juries, and ultimately the society they speak for, have to find some way to express _ at the brutality that women and children face every day.A. aggression B. extenuation C. outrage D. suppression（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.He likes to swim _.A. and playing football

14、 B. and he also likes playing footballC. and to play football D. and he likes to play football（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Is the Canadian dollar equivalent to the U. S. dollar?A. about the same in value as B. worth a bit more thanC. very different in value from D. worth a bit less than（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.If

15、 excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater _ to produce.A. incentive B. initiative C. instruction D. instinct（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.Switzerland is (best) known for its (majesty) mountain range and (thousands) flock to the Alps each year to take advant

16、age of (their) ideal skiing conditions.A. best B. majesty C. thousands D. their（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.The prison guards were armed and ready to shoot if _ in any way.A incurred B provoked C poked D intervened（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.29.The authorities are discouraging new _ who want to enter the country as the

17、re arent enough jobs for them.A. passengers B. migrants C. immigrants D. emigrants（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The official was arrested for inability to _ all his fortune he has enjoyed.A. clarify B. intensify C. verify D. justify（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.0

18、0)The table before which we sit may be, as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live.So remote is this “real“ table-and most of the other “realities“

19、 with which science deals-that it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may receive out purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led, in contradistinction to life as we attempt to think about it. Vibrations in the either are s

20、o totally unlike, let us say, the color purple that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and purposes, not one but two separate things of which the second and less “real“ must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute an

21、objective reality to a nonexistent thing which we call “purple“ is more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency, so too the belief in God, however ill founded, has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of decay, however true the latter

22、may he.We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may adopt what is essentially a Platonist trick of thought and insist upon postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human f

23、eeling and which, so we may insist, have their being is some part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is descri

24、bed as a “truth of correspondence,“ and it is better perhaps, at least for those of us who have grown up in an age of scientific thought, to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that, though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we do not an

25、d cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it ; that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires, and aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.（分数：5.00）(1).According to th

26、is passage, a scientist would conceive of a “table“ as being _.A. a solid motionless objectB. certain characteristic vibrations in “ether“C. a form fixed in space and timeD. a mass of atoms on motion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By “objective reality“ the author means _.A. scientific realityB. a phenomenon w

27、e can directly experienceC. reality colored by emotionD. a symbolic existence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling schism between scientific truth and the world of illusions, the reader should _.A. try to rid himself of his world of illusionB. accept his world

28、 as being one of illusionC. apply the scientific methodD. establish a truth of correspondence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The topic of this selection is _.A. the distortion of reality by scienceB. the confusion caused by emotionsC. Platonic and contemporary views of truthD. the place of scientific truth in

29、our lives（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection, one may reasonably guess that the author is _.A. a humanist B. a pantheistC. a nuclear physicist D. a doctor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire.

30、It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide. “The most worrisome development is a culture of drag-friendliness that seems to be gaining prominence (显著), “said the UNs 13-member International Narcotics Control Board in a report released in late February 1998

31、.The 74-page study says that pop music, as a global industry, is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures. “Some lyrics advocate the smoking of marijuana (大麻) or taking other drugs, and certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for no

32、n-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle, “the study says.Surprisingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose (过量用药). “Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the lo

33、ss of a role model, and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect of recreational drug use,“ it notes. Since the 1970s, several internationally famous singers and movie stars-including Elvis Presley, Janice Joplin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs-have died of either

34、 drug abuse or drug related illnesses. With the globalization of popular music, messages tolerating or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin. “In most countries, the names of certain pop stars have become familiar to the members of every household,“ the study says.Th

35、e UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug issues-especially the use of marijuana and issues of liberalization and legalization-which encourages, rather than prevents, drug abuse. “Over the last years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable

36、 or even attractive,“ says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board. “Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drags,“ he says. Ghodse also points out that all these developments have created an environment which is tolerant of or even favorable to drug abuse and s

37、poils international drug prevention efforts currently underway.The present study, he says, focuses on the issue of demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the p

38、ro-drug messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are being exposed.（分数：6.00）(1).Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with?A. The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a persons lifestyle.B. The spreading of pop music may c

39、ause the drug abuse to go beyond the boundaries of the country.C. No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse.D. The governments have no ability to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).The italicized phrase “under fire“ (Par. 1, sentence 1)

40、 means _.A. in an urgent situation B. facing some problemsC. being criticized D. quite popular（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).Under the influence of drug-friendly pop music, what might the youth think of the death of some pop stars caused by overdose?A. They tend to mourn the pop stars as role models.B. They a

41、re shocked to know even pop stars may abuse drugs.C. They try to confront the deadly effect of “recreational“ drug use.D. They may stop abusing the drugs.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a factor that has contributed to creating an environment tolerant o

42、f or even favorable to drug abuse?A. The spreading of pop music.B. The media.C. Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups.D. The low price of some drugs,（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).The pop music _.A. has a great influence on young people of most culturesB. only appeals to a small number of young

43、peopleC. is not a profitable industryD. is the 0nly culprit (罪魁祸首) responsible for drug amuse（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)U.S. airlines could slash 70,000 more jobs if there were war with Iraq and the U.S. government did not give the industry, more help, the biggest domestic carrie

44、rs said on Tuesday.The Air Transport Association, which represents major airlines, said in a report on airline finances that its members would take aggressive steps to counter any sharp drop in travel demand and an increase in costs caused by an Iraqi war.Big airlines are seeking government assistan

45、ce to stem rising fuel costs and ease taxes that are contributing to losses that soared to more than $10 billion in 2002.The industry outlined a “most likely“ scenario if war broke out, saying that reduced demand and higher costs due to a conflict lasting 90 days would cost it $4 billion in lost rev

46、enue. Without a conflict, losses would still be expected to reach almost $7 billion for the year.“The nations air carders will continue to do all we can, but we fear that the consequences of this war will be severe,“ James May, president and chief executive of the air transport group, told a news co

47、nference.May restated the industrys belief that war could prompt more bankruptcies or force some financially fragile carders into liquidation. Recovery would take several years and ticket prices would have to fall further to spur demand.US Airways Group Inc. and UAL Corps United Airlines are in Chap

48、ter 11 bankruptcy protection, and some industry experts believe that AMR Corps American Airlines, the worlds biggest carrier could follow later this year.Airlines expect overall traffic volume during a second Gulf conflict would fall more sharply than it did during the 1991 war, when it declined 8 p

49、ercent after fighting began.The airlines based their assessment on a slide of more than 20 percent in advance bookings for overseas travel after the U. S. government elevated its domestic terror alert status from yellow to orange in early February.Jet fuel has more than doubled in price from a year ago to, $1.30 a gallon recently. Fuel is the second-largest expense after labor for