【考研类试卷】考博英语-619及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-619 及答案解析(总分：98.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：24.50)1.The invisible rays of the _ beyond the violet end are called the ultraviolet rays. A. speculation B. spectrum C. sleet D. range（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.You must _ yourself, or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living i

2、n disgrace.A. promote B. strengthen C. assert D. assess（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Although she was still ill, she _ herself from the hospital.A. extracted B. dischargedC. injected D. drained（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Certainly man must _ the future, and find ways of providing for his use.A. look to B. look up C. lo

3、ok for D. look on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Their air of cheerful self-sacrifice and endless complaisance won them undeserved praise, for their seeming gallantry was wholly motivated by a _ wish to avoid confict of any sort.A. poignant B. sincere C. laudable D. cowardly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Max, a student of C

4、hinese literature from Australia, is very _ Beijing opera.A. fond in B. fond for C. keen for D. keen on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.Automation threatens mankind with an increased number of _ hours.A. useless B. active C. complex D. idle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.MATRIX: NUMBERSA. gas: molecules B. insurance: securiti

5、esC. crystal: atoms D. base: athletics（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I am to inform you, that you may, if you wish, attend the inquiry, and at the in spectors discretion state your case_or through an entrusted representative.A. in person B. in depth C. in secret D. in excess（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I can think of no

6、thing more _ than arriving at the theater and discovering that I have left the tickets at home.A. vicious B. inviting C. vexatious D. immoral（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.There are always a lot of straw polls before the general election of the President in the United StatesThere are always a lot of straw poll

7、s before the general election of the President in the United StatesA无效投票 B拉拢选票 C民意测验 D正式投票（分数：1.00）A.无效投票B.拉拢选票C.民意测验D.正式投票12.She had a shy, retiring side to her personality that was completely at odds with her public _.A. persona B. tummy C. steppe D. rendezvous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.She was once a be

8、autiful model but the years had _ her features.A injected B diverted C withered D spotted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Ms. Rice, with customary class, simply expressed hope that this episode wouldnt _ the charity in spite of the previous scandals.A. taint B. enhance C. sprain D. sponsor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Cox

9、 Radio, one of the nations largest radio chains, plans to _ its ties with independent record promoters to distance itself from a payola-like practice that runs rampant in the music business.A. consolidate B. tout C. sever D. splash（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.I asked my mother if I could go out, and she _.A)

10、 descended B) contented C) consented D) ascended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.To what extent will future scientific discoveries make possible the _ of human life span?A. increase B. expansion C. growth D. prolongation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.To test his theory, the chemist _ an experiment.A. set up B. set out C. s

11、et forth D. set in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.If I may be so_as to advise you, my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.A. generous B. humble C. proud D. bold（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The trucks _ heavy goods-from factories to the ports.A. pull B. haul C. drag D. push（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.This crop doe

12、s not do well in soils _ the one for which it has been specially developed.A. outside B. other than C. beyond D. rather than（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.To qualify for such a position, the native would first have to receive specialized training, and this is _.A. refused B. discouraged C. denied D. forbidden（

13、分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.We made plans for a visit, but _ difficulties with ear prevented it.A. subordinate B. succeed C. successive D. subsequent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Some countries love to _ their own ideas on others.A. impose B. force C. put D. emphasize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.All the commodities sold in tha

14、t shop are given one years _ .A. assurance B. warrant C. guarantee D. insurance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.According to what you have just said, am I to understand that his new post no responsibility with it at all?A. shoulders B. possesses C. carries D. shares（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Our research has not shown

15、us anything so far, so there is little _ to continue with it.A. impatience B. incentiveC. impulse D. initiative（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.The day before my history exam, I still hadnt _ reading the first book on the list.A seen about B caught up with C got around to D sat for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.29.The appeal

16、for funds did not _ much of a response.A. drag B. elicit C. tempt D. attract（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.No one really knows who composed this piece of music, but it has been _ to Bach.A. identified B. associated C. referred D. attributed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1

17、，分数：6.00)Gordon Shaw the physicist, 66, and colleagues have discovered whats known as the “Mozart effect,“ the ability of a Mozart sonata, under the right circumstances, to improve the listeners mathematical and reasoning abilities. But the findings are controversial and have launched all kinds of c

18、rank notions about using music to make kids smarter. The hype, he warns, has gotten out of hand.But first, the essence: Is there something about the brain cells work to explain the effect? In 1978 the neuroscientist Vernon Mountcastle devised a model of the neural structure of the brains gray matter

19、. Looking like a thick band of colorful bead work, it represents the firing patterns of groups of neurons. Building on Mounteastle, Shaw and his team constructed a model of their own. On a lark, Xiaodan Leng, who was Shaws colleague at the time, used a synthesizer to translate these patterns into mu

20、sic. What came out of the speakers wasnt exactly toe-tapping, but it was music. Shaw and Leng inferred that music and brain-wave activity are built on the same sort of patterns.“Gordon is a contrarian in his thinking,“ says his longtime friend, Nobel Prize-winning Stanford physicist Martin Peri. “Th

21、ats important. In new areas of science, such as brain research, nobody knows how to do it.“What do neuroscientists and psychologists think of Shaws findings? They havent condemned it, but neither have they confirmed it. Maybe you have to take them with a grain of salt, but the experiments by Shaw an

22、d his colleagues are intriguing. In March a team led by Shaw announced that young children who had listened to the Mozart sonata and studied the piano over a period of months improved their scores by 27% on a test of ratios and proportions. The control group against which they were measured received

23、 compatible enrichment courses-minus the music. The Mozart-trained kids are now doing math three grade levels ahead of their peers, Shaw claims.Proof of all this, of course, is necessarily elusive because it can be difficult to do a double- blind experiment of educational techniques. In a double-bli

24、nd trial of an arthritis drug, neither the study subjects nor the experts evaluating them know which ones got the test treatment and which a dummy pill. How do you keep the participants from knowing its Mozart on the CD?（分数：6.00）(1).The remarks made by Martin Perk in Paragraph 3 about Gordon Shaw co

25、uld be taken as _.A. a compliment B. an outspoken criticismC. an expression of jealousy D. something a little sarcastic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the sentence “Maybe you have to take them.“ (Para. 4) the word “them“ best refers to _.A. neuroscientists and psychologistsB. Shaw and his colleaguesC. the e

26、xperiments by Shaw and his teamD. Shaws findings（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The most important condition for the Mozart-trained kids to outsmart the control group is _.A. being particularly trained to tackle math problemsB. listening to a specific Mozart and playing the pianoC. having extra courses designe

27、d exclusively for themD. studying the piano for its breathtaking complexity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the author, proof of what Shaw claims is difficult because _.A. the control group will also enjoy the same kind of MozartB. some educational techniques need re-evaluationC. the double-blind e

28、xperiment is not reliable and thus rejected by ShawD. participants cannot be kept from knowing what is used in the test（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the first paragraph Gordon Shaws concern is shown over _.A. the open hostility by the media towards his findingsB. his strength to keep trying out the “Mozar

29、t effect“C. a widespread misunderstanding of his findingsD. the sharp disagreement about his discovery（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Shaw and Lengs experiment on the model of their own seems to be based on the hypothesis that _.A. listening to Mozart could change the brains hardwareB. brain-waves could be inv

30、ariably translated into musicC. listening to music could stimulate brain developmentD. toe-tapping could be very close to something musical（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Direct adverting includes all forms of sales appeals, mailed, delivered, or exhibited directly to the prospective bu

31、yer of an advertised product or service, without use of any indirect medium, such as newspapers or television Direct advertising logically may be divided into three broad classifications, namely, direct-mail advertising, mail order advertising, and unmailed direct advertising.All forms of sales appe

32、als that are sent through the mails are considered direct-mail advertising. The chief functions of direct-mail advertising are to familiarize prospective buyers with a product, its name, its maker, and its merits and with the product s local distributors. The direct-mail appeal is designed also to s

33、upport the sales activities of retailers by encouraging the continued patronage of both old and new customers.When no personal selling is involved, other methods are needed to persuade people to send in orders by mail. In addition to newspapers, magazines, radio, and television, other special device

34、s order promotions are designed to accomplish a complete selling job without salespeople.Used for the same broad purposes as direct-mail advertising, unmailed direct-mail advertising, includes all forms of indoor advertising displays and all printed sales appeals distributed from door to door, hande

35、d to customers in retail stores or conveyed in some other manner directly to the recipient.With each medium competing keenly for its share of the business, advertising agencies continue to develop new techniques for displaying and selling wares and services. Among these techniques have been vastly i

36、mproved printing and reproduction methods in the graphic field, adapted to magazine advertisements and to direct-mall enclosures; the use of color in newspaper advertisements and in television; and outdoor signboards more attractively designed and efficiently lighted. Many subtly effective improveme

37、nts are suggested by advertising research.（分数：5.00）(1).Direct advertising _.A. includes all forms of sales appeals to the prospective buyerB. is produced mainly for newspaper or televisionC. is an activity by which real products are shown to buyersD. uses post as a chief means to contact prospective

38、 buyers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Direct-mail advertising _.A. uses letters as a chief means of providing informationB. sends old customers detailed information about new productsC. uses letters to tell prospective buyers about the local sellersD. sends over the prospective buyers sample products by parce

39、ls（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “prospective“ in the first sentence of the passage means _.A. would be B. prosperous C. rich D. old（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The chief function of unmailed advertising is _.A. to send sample products from door to doorB. to familiarize the customers with the productsC. to d

40、eliver the products directly to the retail storesD. to send information about the products in quick ways（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the last paragraph we learn _.A. direct advertising is the best way to promote a productB. companies are trying to find the best way to sell their productsC. advertising

41、is becoming enriched by the research in this areaD. old ways of advertising is giving ways to new ways of doing it（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Ask an American schoolchild what he or she is learning in school these days and you might even get a reply, provided you ask it in Spanish.

42、 But dont bother, heres the answer. Americans nowadays are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like reading and writing. Apparently these are considered fusty old subjects, invented by white males to oppress women and minorities.What are they learning? In a Vermont college tow

43、n I found the answer sitting in a toy store book rack, next to typical kids books like “Heather Has Two Mommies and Daddy is Dysfunctional“. Its a teachers guide called “Happy To Be Me“, subtitled “Building Self-Esteem“. Self-esteem as it turns out, is a big subject in American classrooms. Many Amer

44、ican schools see building it as important as teaching reading and writing. They call it “whole language“ teaching, borrowing terminology from the granola people to compete in the education marketplace.No one ever spent a moment building my self-esteem when I was in school. In fact, from the day I fi

45、rst stepped inside a classroom my self-esteem was one big demolition site. All that mattered was “the subject“, be it geography, history, or mathematics. I was praised when I remembered that “near“, “fit“, “friendly“, “pleasing“, “like“ and their opposites took the dative case in Latin. I was revile

46、d when I forgot what a cosine was good for. Generally, I lived my school years beneath a torrent of castigation so consistent I eventually ceased to hear it, as people who live near the sea eventually stop hearing the waves.Schools have changed. Reviling is out, for one thing. More important, subjec

47、ts have changed. Whereas I learned English, modern kids learn something called “language skills“. Whereas I learned writing, modern kids learn something called “communication“. Communication, the book tells us, is seven per cent words, twenty three per cent facial expression, twenty per cent tone of

48、 voice, and fifty per cent body language. So this column, with its carefully chosen words, would earn at most a grade of seven per cent. That is, if the school even gave out something as oppressive and demanding as grades.The result is that, in place of English classes, American children are getting

49、 a course in “How to Win Friends and Influence People“. Consider the new attitude toward journal writing: I remember one high school English class when we were required to keep a journal. The idea was to emulate those great writers who confided in dimes, searching their soul and honing their critical thinking on paper.“Happy To Be Me“ states that journals