【考研类试卷】考博英语-624及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-624 及答案解析(总分：82.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：29，分数：25.00)1.The captain was _ to sergeant for failing to fulfill his duties.A. regulated B. promoted C. deregulated D. demoted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.He cut the string and held up the two _ to tie the box.A. segments B. sediments C. seizures D. s

2、ecretes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The Coriolis force causes all moving projectiles on Earth to be _ from a straight line.A. distracted B. deviated C. intrigued D. permeated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The chief editor thought he took some liberties with the original in translation. So it was necessary that he make th

3、e _ suggested.A. alterations B. alternatives C. alternations D. altercation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.James is very set in his ways, but Mark has a more _ attitude to life.A. tolerant B. flexible C. cautious D. defensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Mass transportation revised the social and economic, fabric of the Am

4、erican city in many ways so as to permit an easy row of traffic.A. texture B. textile C. network D. structure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.(Be your best). The (worst) disappointment you can experience is (a disappointment) (in) yourself.A. Be your best B. worst C. a disappointment D. in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The r

5、eport managed to get an _ interview with the Prime Minister.A. extinct B. excluding C. excessive D. exclusive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.One day I _ a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.A. came across B. came about C. came after D. came at（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D

6、.10.The difference is so small as to be _.A. neglectful B. neglecting C. negligent D. negligible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Your letters _ those pleasant days when we worked together, Ill remember forever.A. call out B. call for C. call up D. call on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.The Great Wall is a great tourist _ ,

7、drawing millions of visitors from all parts of the world every year.A. attention B. appointment C. attraction D. interest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He was trained as a doctor but _ to diplomacy.A. converted B. reverted C. diverted D. averted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.I didnt listen to Mom and I was not surprised

8、at the look of _ on her face.A. take up B. compliment C. negligence D. reproach（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics, somehow encourages _ patriotism.A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiable（分数：1.

9、00）A.B.C.D.16.Tom could hardly _ his excitement as he knew that he had made a real discovery.A. conceal B. reveal C. show D. discover（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Business men (quite generally) look upon (rising prices) as (a symptom) of (prosperities).A. quite generally B. rising prices C. a symptom D. prosp

10、erities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.An area of rich forests was _ to life.A. advantageous B. decorative C. attracted D. privileged（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.Cough syrups and cold remedies that are manufactured with alcohol will last much longer than those prepared with water.A. float B. finishC. remain effective D.

11、 be prescribed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.They eat a lot of meats and dairy foods, along with a lot of _ items that dont fall into any Nutrigroup, such as sugar, fat, and condiments.A. redundant B. miscellaneous C. versatile D. trivial（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.In some countries preschool education in nursery scho

12、ols or kindergartens _ the 1st grade.A. leads B. precedes C. forwards D. advances（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.In some cities of North China, the noise pollution is as pronounced as that in Tokyo.A. contemptuous B. contagious C. conspicuous D. contemplated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.When travelling, you are advised t

13、o take travellers checks, which provide a secure _ to carrying your money in cash.A. substitute B. selection C. preference D. alternative（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.24.Dont let on to Doris that we are going to the movies tonight.A. reveal B. reconcile C. accept D. protrude（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.Because it takes l

14、onger to install and involves some tinkering to get it to work just right, its best for more experienced users. But, oh, what joy! _ a detailed log of every ad it annihilates, _ it makes a satisfying thunk when it nabs one.A. Not only Killer keeps, but also B. Not only does Killer keepC. Only Killer

15、 keeps, and D. Only if Killer keeps（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Despite her nerves, she walked towards her groom with no regrets about choosing such a _ time to get married.A. momentary B. momentous C. monotonous D. monstrous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered _ ye

16、sterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats.A. a sharp set-back B. severe set-backC. a severe blown-up D. sharp blown-up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.AIDS is causing great public concern because the _ fatal disease hits primarily young people.A. invariably B. imperativelyC. transiently

17、 D. deceptively（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.This ticket _ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.A. gives B. entities C. grants D. credits（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：6.00)One of the greatest mysteries in the study of Cetacea aquatic mammals has always been tha

18、t the creatures found in the stomachs of toothed whales show no teeth marks. Now a University of California at Santa Cruz professor thinks he may have solved the enigma with what he calls the “big bang“ theory of cetacean predation.Ken Norris, natural history professor, believes that rather than use

19、 their teeth to attack their victims, toothed whales stun their prey with intense bursts of sound. He points out that all 68 species of odontocetes (a sub-order that includes dolphins) use sound to locate their victims, and suggests this ability may have evolved to the point where it could be used a

20、s a weapon.Millions of years ago, the ancestors of whales had a narrow tapered jaw, streamlined for speed and bristling with long rows of sharp teeth. Today odontocetes are not adapted to surprising their prey or trapping it quickly. Most are more bulky than their forebearers; their teeth are short

21、and unevenly spaced when they exist at all. Norris suggests that because of their sonar ability, whales teeth have become vestigial, like the human appendix.It is difficult to test the big bang theory because in captivity, cetaceans tend to moderate their sonar so as not to deafen other creatures in

22、 their small, highly reflective tanks. Dolphins are known to politely turn off their echolocation systems when passing one another. And in the wild its hard to tell whether a sound came from a nearby animal or form another very far away.But Norris points to the male narwhal as tacit proof of his the

23、ory. This whale has no teeth, and the single spiral tusk that extends about eight feet in front of him would seem to be more of an impediment than an aid in catching shrimp, his preferred feed. “You look at these animals and you wonder whats going on./（分数：6.00）(1).The underlined word enigma means _.

24、A. debateB. factC. mysteryD. proof（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).The primary purpose of this passage is to _.A. argue for a ban on the capture of whales and dolphins B. describe the evolution of whalesC. report a possible explanation for the lack of teeth marks on whales victimsD. reveal the flaws in the “big

25、 bang“ theory of cetacean predation（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).As used in the passage, moderate most nearly means _.A. directB. lessenC. move to middleD. use（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the “big bang“ theory of cetacean predation? _.A. Sixty-eight species of odontocetes use sound to locate their victimsB.

26、Toothed whales use sound as weaponsC. Whales and humans have vestigial structuresD. Whale teeth, once sharp, have become somewhat short and uneven（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be concluded from the passage that the “big bang“ theory is _.A. a factB. a disproved hypothesisC. an unsupported opinionD. an

27、 idea with some supporting evidence（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Why would any woman in her fight mind choose to walk on the balls of her feet with her heels propped up by spikes? The historical answer is that high heels reflect aristocratic tastes-specifically, the tastes of the seve

28、nteenth-century French court, which first popularized them in Europe. Not only did heels keep the wearers feet relatively mud free, they also created a physical elevation to match the social elevation of the stylish, exaggerated the strutting gait of the noble classes, and they suggested, by their v

29、ery precariousness, that their owners could afford not to worry about falling on their faces. Indeed, as Bernard Rudofsky points out, seventeenth-century wearers of high heels, men and women, frequently had to be transported in sedan chairs because they could not manage cobblestones on foot. Some “h

30、eels“ in that era were actually full-soled platforms, and to walk on these things at all, one needed the constant elbow support of two Servants.The helplessness associated with the raised-heel style encouraged the notion that heeled persons were above having to care for themselves. In view of this,

31、it is not surprising that even today it is women, almost exclusively, who wear heels. High heels are the cobblers contribution to what I have called the pedestal ploy. They link physical incapacity with the notion of woman as a “higher being“-too high to get along on her own.Women have taken to high

32、 heels, of course, because they feel, correctly, that they increase their attractiveness to men. Part of that increased attractiveness has to do with male fantasies of female fragility. As fashion-iconoclast Elizabeth Hawes puts it, “The idea is that he, in his heavy shoes, should feel stronger and

33、more capable than she on her fragile stilts. Never mind the realities.“ Another part of it may be biological. In his discussion of rump display among mammals, Dale Guthrie notes that the “lines of the buttocks, thigh, calf and ankle have a native sexual stimulation, but this can be increased with hi

34、gh-heeled shoes; the curves are exaggerated when the heel is lifted.“ Heels also exaggerate the lateral motion of buttocks the. ultimate function of high heels, therefore, may be to fuel the male belief that women are both impotent and seductive.（分数：6.00）(1).The most important reason for womens pref

35、erence to high heels is that _.A. biological weak-points can be reducedB. attractiveness to men is increasedC. social elevation can be shownD. aristocratic tastes are reflected（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).The mens attitudes towards womens wearing high heels are that _.A. they are considered weaker than menB

36、. they are regarded as biologically incapableC. they are just in biological needD. they are thought to be charming and feeble（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).The passage is mainly about _.A. high heels B. functions of high heelsC. history of high heels D. women on high heels（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).From historical

37、point of view, high heels _.A. were the exclusive passion of womenB. were worn by both men and womenC. symbolized the tastes of aristocracyD. were the characteristics of noble classes（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).Women on high heels suggest that _.A. they are always helpless as high heelsB. they are dependab

38、le as well as fragileC. they always have some superiorityD. high heels are still fashionable（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)To broaden their voting appeal in the presidential election of 1796, the Federalists selected Thomas Pinckney, a leading South Carolinian, as running mate for th

39、e New Englander John Adams. But Pinckneys Southern friends chose to ignore their partys intentions and regarded Pinckney as a presidential candidate, creating a political situation that Alexander Hamilton was determined to exploit. Hamilton had long been wary of Adams stubbornly independent brand of

40、 politics and preferred to see his running mate, over whom he could exert more control, in the Presidents chair.The election was held under the system originally established by the Constitution. At that time there was but a single tally, with the candidate receiving the largest number of electoral v

41、otes declared President and the candidate with the second largest number declared Vice-President, Hamilton anticipated that all the Federalists in the North would vote for Adams and Pinckney equally in an attempt to ensure that Jefferson would not be either first or second in the voting. Pinckney wo

42、uld be solidly supported in the south while Adams, yet both Federalists would outpoll Jefferson.Various methods were used to persuade the electors to vote as Hamilton wished. In the press, anonymous articles were published attacking Adams for his monarchial tendencies and Jefferson for being overly

43、democratic, while pushing Pinckney as the only suitable candidate. In private correspondence with state party leaders the Hamiltonians encouraged the idea that Adams popularity was slipping, that he could not win the election, and that the Federalists could defeat Jefferson only by supporting Pinckn

44、ey.Had sectional Pride and loyalty not nm as high in New England as in the deep south, Pinckney might well have become Washington s successor. New Englanders, however, realized that equal votes for Adams and Pinckney in their states would defeat Adams, therefore, eighteen electors scratched Pinckney

45、s name from their ballots and deliberately threw away their second votes to men who were not even running. It was fortunate for Adams that they did, for the electors from South Carolina completely abandoned him, giving eight votes to Pinckney and eight to Jefferson.In the end, Hamiltons interference

46、 in Pinckney s candidacy lost even the Vice-Presidency of South Carolina. Without New Englands support, Pinckney received only 59 electoral votes, finishing third to Adams and Jefferson. He might have been President in 1979, or as Vice-President a serious contender for the Presidency in 1800; instea

47、d, stigmatized by a plot he had not devised, he served a brief term in the United States Senate and then dropped from sight as a national influence.（分数：6.00）(1).The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. propose reforms of the procedures for election the President and Vice-PresidentB. describe the p

48、olitical events that lead to John Adams victory in the 1796C. condemn Alexander Hamilton for interfering in the election of 1796D. contrast the political philosophy of the Federalists to that of Thomas Jefferson（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, Hamiltons plan included all BUT which of t

49、he following?A. Articles published in newspapers to create opposition to John Adams.B. South Carolinas loyalty to Thomas Pinckney.C. Private contact with state officials urging them to support Thomas Pinckney.D. John Adams reputation as a stubborn and independent New Englander.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).The overall development of the passage can best be described as _.A. refuting possi