【考研类试卷】考博英语-630及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-630 及答案解析(总分：88.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：27.50)1.Although the end of the term was close _, Jim had not completed all of the projects he had hoped to finish.A. on hand B. by hand C. at hand D. in hand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2._ mother-to-be Cherie Blair stunned the party by wearing a s

2、ensational violet silk trouser suit which she had specially made for the big night.A. Radial B. Radiant C. Radical D. Racial（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.She was so obstinate that she wouldnt adjust her opinions.A. inflexible B. alert C. wise D. talented（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.When he arrived, he found_the aged and

3、 the sick at home.A. none but B. none other than C. nothing but D. no other than（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The Freedom of Information Act gives private citizen _ government files.A. release from B. excess of C. redress of D. access to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Your advice would be _ valuable to him, who is at prese

4、nt at his wits end.A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.He displayed a complete lack of courtesy and tact in dealing with his employer.A. tenacity B. curiosity C. civility D. hostility（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.She felt a bit _ in the autumn air so she went in to fet

5、ch a coat.A. chilly B. fresh C. shivering D. cool（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The dictionary is shabbily compiled. What makes up somehow is the _ it encloses.A. appliances B. apparatuses C. hardbacks D. appendices（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.Compared mathematically to smoking and driving, almost everything else seems

6、relatively risk-free, _ almost nothing seems worth regulation.A. yet B. since C. so D. even though（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.This program will take kids who have a manifest history of violent acts.A. determined B. demonstrated C. administrated D. distinguished（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.They hit only the smaller p

7、eople like me, while the politicians will of course _it with money.A. do away with B. take away with C. make away with D. get away with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.She is a very _ student. Shes always talking about traveling to outer space.A imaginary B imaginative C imaginable D imagining（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14

8、.Next week youd better bring all your questions here. Were going to have a question-and-answer _.A. section B. service, C. session D. course（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.While many Russian composers of tile nineteenth century contributed to an emerging national style, other composers did not _idiomatic Russia

9、n musical elements,_ instead the traditional musical vocabulary of Western European Romanticism. A. utilize. rejecting B. incorporate. preferringC. exclude. avoiding D. repudiate. expanding（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The survey showed that_numbers of 15-year-olds were already smoking twenty cigarettes a wee

10、k.A. essential B. steady C. primary D. substantial（分数：1.00）_17.There was (a pause of) complete stillness (which) the (buzzing of) the bees among the pink loses sounded (as loud as) the fight of an aircraft.A. a pause of B. which C. buzzing of D. as loud as（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Death ensued as a result

11、 of suffocation.A. heart failure B. an accident C. disease D. asphyxiation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Veteran track trainer Johnson is scathing in his _ of the leaders of the I. O. C. , “These people are megalomaniacs. They are power-hungry administrators. “A. heredity B. helicopter C. appraisal D. flame（分数

12、：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.Todays college students have ambiguous feelings about the role they should play in the world.A. wonderful B. unusual C. ambitious D. doubtful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.The damage to his car was _; therefore, he could repair it himself.A appreciable B negligible C considerable D invisible（分

13、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.Will the pressure applied by environmentalists be enough to _ the industrialized nations into using less fossil fuels?A. goad B. gloat C. gore D. gibe（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.There are, for example, widely differing views of the potential value of the assets_.A at stake B at a strokeC a

14、t an action D at a time（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Cant you speak more _ to your parents?A) respectably B) respectingly C) respectively D) respectfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Most of them had visited the invalid often during the past few months, marveling at his_spirit and his unfailing good temper.A. variant B

15、. gallant C. pertinent D. solitary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The reception was attended by various _ members of the local community and representatives of regional industries.A. protuberant B. conspicuous C. prominent D. projecting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.It takes (the most) cool-headed and (good-tempered) of d

16、rivers (to resist) the temptation to revenge (as subjected) to uncivilized behavior.A. the most B. good-tempered C. to resist D. as subjected（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_28.The degree of economic growth is an _ of the level of living.A. index B. advantage C. access D. aspect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.The destruction of

17、 rainforests has been_as a disaster for the environment.A. blamed B. declared C. condemned D. appealed（分数：1.00）_30.The leaders of the two countries are planning their summit meeting with a _to maintain and develop good ties.A. score B. priority C. pledge D. reward（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Comp

18、r(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Sound moves from its source to the ear by wave like fluctuations in air pressure, something like the peaks and troughs or the lowest point of ocean waves. One way to keep from hearing sound is to use ear plugs. Another way is to cancel out the sound with

19、anti-sound.Using a noise maker controlled by a microprocessor, engineers have produced sound waves that are half a wavelength out of phase with those of the noise to be quieted-each peak is matched to a trough, and vice versa. Once the researchers have recorded the offending sound, a microprocessor

20、calculates the amplitude and wavelength of sound that will cancel out the highest and lowest points of the noise. It then produces an electric current that is amplified and fed to a loudspeaker, which produces anti-sound and wipes out the noise. If the anti-sound goes out of synchronization, a micro

21、phone picks up the leftover sound and sends it back to the microprocessor, which changes the phase of the anti-sound just enough to cause complete silence.The research team has concentrated on eliminating low-frequency noise from ship engines, which causes fatigue that can impair the efficiency and

22、alertness of the crew, and may mask the warning sounds of alarm and fog signals.（分数：4.00）(1).The passage compares sound to _.A. the rising and falling of water in the oceanB. the crests and valleys of mountain rangesC. a flag waving in the airD. a machine for measuring air pressure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(

23、2).The passage discusses a way to deal with an offensive noise by _.A. diverting peoples attention from itB. masking it with a louder noiseC. canceling it out electronicallyD. removing its source（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The microprocessor described in the passage will probably be used for _.A. composing

24、 musicB. repairing alarm systemsC. eliminating engine noisesD. intensifying fog warning sounds（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A paragraph following the passage would most probably discuss _.A. the nature of fogB. a way to improve alarm systemsC. other causes of fatigueD. other uses of the microprocessor（分数：1.0

25、0）A.B.C.D.Microwaves are a type of electromagnetic radiation; they are a very mild form of electrical or magnetic wave that moves through space. Unlike X-rays and gamma rays, which are very powerful rays of radiation, microwaves are rather weak and are much more like the waves of radiation used in r

26、adio broadcasting.In microwave ovens, the use of microwaves with which most people me familiar, the waves are produced by an electronic tube called a magnetron. Microwaves produce heat in any food placed inside the oven by causing the water in the food to vibrate rapidly and thus heat up. Food that

27、have more water in them take less time to cook and probably have more of their nutrients left intact when cooked in a microwave oven.Microwaves do not pass through metal, so the microwaves are retained within the oven. Microwaves pass immediately through glass, paper, and plastic with no effect on t

28、hese materials or on the microwaves; nothing inside the microwave oven is heated except the food itself, so cooking process is much more efficient than in conventional ovens. Sometimes a pan or container is heated because it is touching the hot food, though: some users of microwave oven have been bu

29、rned by but food, by hot pans, or steam escaping from the food. No documented case of radiation burns born a microwave oven has ever been reported.Actually, we know very little about how microwave radiation might affect human beings. Obviously, if microwave can cook a roast by exciting the water mol

30、ecules in the meat, they could do the same thing to human flesh. Human being could be burned by prolonged exposure to high levels of microwaves. But scientists are more concerned about the effects of low level microwave exposures, such as might result from a leaking microwave oven.No research has ye

31、t been performed on people who have been exposed to low level microwave radiation. Some experiments have been performed on animals, but the results are very difficult to interpret. As the eyes are particularly sensitive, rabbits exposed to low level microwaves were checked for the growth of cataract

32、s, and none were found. On the other hand, some animals seem able to sense microwave radiation and try to escape from it immediately. In others, microwave radiation causes the body to react as if defending itself against a decease. These responses lead some scientists to think that microwave radiati

33、on is harmful, though in some yet undiscovered way.（分数：6.00）(1).As used in the 3ut paragraph of this passage, the word “documnted“ means _.A. numbered B. recorded C. legal D. believable（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).The purpose of this passage is to discuss _.A. the beneficial use of microwavesB. the harmful

34、effects of microwavesC. the modern methods of cookingD. the use and possible harmful effects of microwaves（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).Microwaves are _.A. absolutely safe at low levelsB. very efficient for cookingC. cancer-causing iii people with weak eyesD. completely understood by scientists（分数：1.20）A.B.C

35、.D.(4).We can conclude from this passage that _.A. the heat created in microwave ovens is very difficult to controlB. food tastes better when cooked in a microwave ovenC. food cooked in microwave ovens is probably more nutritious than food cooked in more conventional waysD. most research on the effe

36、cts of microwaves on human beings has been restricted to the study of low level microwave radiation（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).The author s tone is _.A. objective B. sarcastic C. negative D. skeptical（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：2，分数：9.00)Academic life scientists are currently well-funded, but they n

37、eed to develop better advocacy skills in order to exert some influence over issues related to their work.These are among the best of times for many in the life sciences, with strong government and industrial support helping to develop a burgeoning community which makes an important contribution to b

38、oth scientific discovery and public life. During such times, it makes sense for the community to ensure that it speaks with a clear voice, not just in the corridors of power, but also in or broader society, where so many voices are striving to be heard. So it is unsurprising that biologists in both

39、the United States and the United Kingdom are striving for more effective representation from their professional societies and related advocacy groups.A similar set of issues concern these scientists on both sides of the Atlantic. Close to the top of their agenda is graduate education. There is a gro

40、wing realization within the community that the attraction of young people into a lengthy period of very hard work for very little money, to be followed in most cases by gradual disillusionment as the prospect of a tenuretrack position fades, is a sub-optimal approach to career development. Increasin

41、gly pervasive restrictions on the use of research tools and research data make up another area in which academics need to speak up, before their voice is overwhelmed by industrial interests. Scientific integrity, animal care, cloning and genetic engineering are all issues in which the community can

42、help itself and the public by communicating a coherent and credible point of view.In the United States, the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), which publicly represents 17 scientific societies, has emerged in recent years as an influential voice in public policy. But

43、it competes for attention with rivals such as the 40, 000 strong American Society for Microbiology and the American Institute of Biological Sciences, a federation representing whole organism biologists.This fragmentation is not ideal, but FASEB has nonetheless proven its influence, especially in cam

44、paigning for money for the National Institutes of Health. It makes sense that it should seek to extend this success into other spheres. In Washington, it is particularly important that the academic community make itself heard: unlike the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, academics cannot

45、afford to peddle influence by paying large sums of money to sympathetic politicians.（分数：4.00）(1).By the first sentence of the passage the author means the US scientists_.A. at large B. at bestC. well-paid, but less productive D. well-funded, but less informed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which major change r

46、esulted from the prime of scientific times according to the author?A. More effective representation from their professional societies.B. Many public voices striving to be heard on both sides of the Atlantic.C. Industrial support helping to develop a burgeoning community.D. Scientific discovery and p

47、ublic life set up by the similar topics.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the authors eyes, FASEB might prove its influence if it _.A. campaigned for a big sum of money for the companiesB. enabled academic community to be more respectedC. extended its success into other spheresD. competed for attention with s

48、ome rivals（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is said in the passage may best be concluded as _.A. a sub-optimal approach to career developmentB. a coherent and credible point of view much neededC. no money offered to sympathetic politiciansD. academic voice versus industrial interests（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.It is one of the worlds most recognized phrased, one you might even hear in places where little English is spoken: “The names Bond, James Bond“. Ive heard it from a taxi driver in Ghana and