【考研类试卷】考博英语-642及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-642 及答案解析(总分：119.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：27.50)1.The earthquake happened in south Xinjiang on Feb. 24. This _ killed 266 people.A. causality B. collapse C. calamity D. crater（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.When they had finished playing, the children were made to _ all the toys they had ta

2、ken out.A put off B put up C putout D put away（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.Her lecture gave us a sense of how empty the universe is, in spite of _ number of stars within it.A. varying B. enormous C. unusual D. limited（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.The research institute has recruited 25 university graduates _ in science.

3、A. majored B. majoring C. having majored D. have majored（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The rioters headed downtown,_.they attacked the city hall.A. since B. as C. whereupon D. yet（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.To be _ I couldnt understand what he was getting at. If you wanted to know youd better ask someone else.A. sly B.

4、humble C. honest D. cowardly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Some linguists believe that the _ age for children learning a foreign language is 5 to 8.A. optimistic B. optional C. optimal D. oppressed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.My boss has always attended to the_of important business himself.A. transaction B. solution C. t

5、ranslation D. stimulation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.His inability to learn foreign languages was a(n) obstacle to his career.A. barrier B. excess C. carrier D. impulse（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The Social Security Act did not include health insurance because the commission considered that its inclusion would jeopa

6、rdize the passage of the act.A. evade B. endanger C. exclude D. enhance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Research should continue on controlled nuclear fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proved practical.A. focused B. concentratedC. agreed D. based（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.It

7、 would then be replaced by an interim government, which would _ be replaced by a permanent government after four months.A. in step B. in turn C. in practice D. in haste（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The doctor told the pupils that an _ disease was one that could be passed from one person to another.A overwhelm

8、ing B expanding C infectious D inherent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.We were discussing the housing problem when a middle-aged man cut in and said, “Theres no point in talking about impossibilities.“A. intersect B. interject C. penetrate D. adulterate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.It is still not clear what _ a series o

9、f argument between them.A. contributed B. marked C. ignited D. triggered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries.A. as B. what C. so D. that（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.For companies, the threat of drive

10、-by hacking seems set to grow as software programs assisting hackers proliferate on the Internet.A. obliterate B. multiply C. stack D. precipitate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Hardy was stimulated by the sights, sounds and smells about him; he was enjoying his sensuous experience.A. sensational B. sentimental

11、 C. sensitive D. sensible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Two thirds of the U.S. basketball players are black, and the number would be greater _ the continuing practice of picking white bench warmers for the sake of balance.A. was it not because of B. had it not been forC. were it not for D. would it not have be

12、en for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.But (as) a historian, Graves should be aware that James Clerk Maxwells brilliant insight about electromagnetismthe guess that visible light is only one small slice of the spectrum of (electromagnetic) energy, a guess that forms the basis (for) electronics technology(is) an

13、intuitive leap into the unknown.A. as B. electromagnetic C. for D. is（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.His tick convinced none but the most _.A. credulous B. plausible C. trustworthy D. feasible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.You were _ by your absence yesterday.A. merciful B. conscientious C. conspicuous D. impartial（分数：1.0

14、0）A.B.C.D.23.As our eyes ranged over the broad shoulders of the mountain, the conception of its _ grew upon us.A magnitude B multitude C latitude D gratitude（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.24.Different cultures are more prone to _ certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures.A. co

15、ntract B. conduct C. confine D. conquer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Those who let uncertainty _ rarely achieve much.A. turn them down B. send them down C. weigh them down D. take them down（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Proper clothes_for much in business. Thats why you see most business people dress formally.A. count B

16、. account C. allow D. Care（分数：1.00）_27.General Liu Baicheng was always commended for his wise and timely military decision in the critical moments.A. denounced B. praised C. welcomed D. exclaimed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Helen was so persistent that her husband _ at last.A. conceded B. converged C. concei

17、ved D. conferred（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Even the best medical treatment can not cure all the diseases that _ men and women.A. beseech B. beset C. bewitch D. bestow（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.He didnt do so well in the race _ his training.A. for all B. above all C. in all D. after all（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Read

18、ing Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)What are those of us who have chosen careers in science and engineering able to do about our current problems?First, we can help destroy the false impression that science and engineering have caused the current world trouble. On the contrary, scie

19、nce and engineering have made vast contributions to better living for more people.Second, we can identify the many areas in which science and technology, more considerably used, can be of great service in the future than in the past to improve the quality of life. While we can make many speeches, an

20、d pass many laws, the quality of our environment will be improved only through better knowledge and better application of that knowledge.Third, we can recognize that much of the dissatisfaction we suffer today results from our very successes of former years. We have been so greatly successful in att

21、aining material goals that we are deeply dissatisfied that we cannot attain other goals more rapidly. We have achieved a better life for most people, but we are unhappy that we have not spread it to all people. We have reduced many sources of environmental disasters, but we are unhappy that we have

22、not conquered all of them. It is our raised expectations rather than our failures which now cause our distress.Granted that many of our current problems must be cured more by social, political, and economic instruments than science and technology, yet science and technology must still be the tools t

23、o make further advances in such things as clean air, clean water, better transportation, better medical care, more adequate welfare programs, purer food, conservation resources, and many other areas.（分数：10.00）(1).The author thinks that science and technology _.A. have caused the current world proble

24、msB. have made life better for more peopleC. will, if not in the past, better peoples life in the futureD. can not bring a better life for most people（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the author, to improve the quality of environment, it is important to _.A. call on the public to actionB. pass relat

25、ed lawC. eliminate the destructive effect of science and technologyD. use better knowledge of science and technology（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We are not satisfied because _.A. science and technology have created many social problemsB. science and technology have brought about many environmental disasters

26、C. science and technology have made us more distressedD. we expect too much of Science and technology at present（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author believes that our current problems can be better solved by _.A. social, political, and economic meansB. advances in science and technologyC. effective law-m

27、akingD. both A and B（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author points out that _.A. attention should be given to some areas of science and technology to better peoples lifeB. we should not expect science and technology to improve living conditions for all the peopleC. social political and economical means shou

28、ld not interfere with the advances in science and technologyD. we should not use science and technology to achieve material goals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)On an average of six times a day, a doctor in Holland practices “active“ euthanasia: intentionally administering a lethal (致死

29、的) drug to a terminally ill patient who has asked to be relieved of suffering. Twenty times a day, life-prolonging treatment is withheld or withdrawn when there is no hope that it can effect an ultimate cure. “Active“ euthanasia remains a crime on the Dutch statute books, punishable by 12 years in p

30、rison. But a series of court cases over the past 15 years has made it clear that a competent physician who carries it out will not be prosecuted.Euthanasia, often called “mercy killing“ is a crime everywhere in Western Europe. But more and more doctors and nurses readily admit to practicing it, most

31、 often in the “passive“ form of withholding or withdrawing treatment. The long simmering euthanasia issue has lately boiled over into a, sometimes, fierce public debate, with both sides claiming the mantle of ultimate righteousness. Those opposed to the practice see themselves upholding sacred princ

32、iples of respect for life, while those in favor raise the banner of humane treatment. After years on the defensive, the advocates now seem to be gaining ground. Recent polls in Britain show that 72 percent of British subjects favor euthanasia in some circumstances. An astonishing 76 percent of respo

33、ndents to a poll taken last year in France said they would like the law changed to decriminalize mercy killings.Euthanasia has been a topic of controversy in Europe since at least 1936, when a bill was introduced in the House of Lords that would have legalized mercy killing under very tightly superv

34、ised conditions. That bill failed, as have three others introduced in the House of Lords since then.Reasons for the latest surge of interest in euthanasia are not hard to find. Europeans, like Americans, are now living longer. Therefore, lingering chronic diseases have replaced critical illnesses as

35、 the primary cause of death. And the euthanasists argue that every human being should have the right to “die with dignity,“ by which they usually mean the right to escape the horrors of a painful or degrading hospitalization (住院治疗).Most experts believe that euthanasia will continue to be practiced n

36、o matter what the law says.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage we can see that in Holland _.A. a doctor who practices euthanasia will not be punishedB. euthanasia is regarded as illegalC. euthanasia is very popularD. active euthanasia is still illegal, but people often tolerate an experienced doctor who

37、carries it out（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the comment of the author on the problem of euthanasia?A. Euthanasia is not regarded as a crime in France.B. More and more medical workers like to practice euthanasia, no matter what form it takes.C. The problem of euthanasia is now being debated heatedly a

38、nd openly.D. There is not much difference between “active“ and “passive“ euthanasia.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements can not be found in the passage?A. Those opposed euthanasia say that they believe the right to live is sacred.B. Those in favor of euthanasia maintain that they

39、are for humane treatment.C. Recently the advocates of euthanasia have got more support from the public.D. More and more people like to have the law changed.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What do you think is the standpoint of the author on this problem?A. He is a fence-sitter.B. He is afraid that the situatio

40、n may get out of control.C. He is strongly against euthanasia.D. He supports euthanasia whole-heartedly.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is the most reasonable cause of euthanasia?A. People dont like to live too long.B. People dont like to suffer from lasting chronic diseases.C. People do

41、nt like to be hospitalized.D. People dont like to become a burden of others.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Forget football. At many high schools, the fiercest competition is between Coke and Pepsi over exclusive “pouring rights“ to sell on campus. But last week Jeffrey Dunn, presiden

42、t of Coca-Cola Americas, called a timeout: Cokes machines will now also stock water, juice, and other healthful optionseven rival brands and their facades will feature school scenes and other “noncommercial graphics“ instead of Cokes vivid red logo. “The pendulum needs to swing back“ on school-based

43、 marketing, said Dunn.Cokes about-faceparticularly the call to end the exclusive deals that bottlers make with school districtscomes amid rising concern over kids health. American children are growing ever more obese and developing weight-related diseases usually found in adults. While inactivity an

44、d huge helpings factor heavily, a recent study in the Lancet fingered soda pop as a likely culprit. Communitiesand legislatorsare already on the case. Last year, for instance, parents in Philadelphia detailed a proposed contract with Coca-Cola that would have netted the school system $43 million ove

45、r 10 years. And in a searing report to Congress last month, the U. S. Department of Agriculture recommended that all snacks sold in schools meet federal nutrition standards (the requirements are loose enough that Snickers bars qualify),Spare change? Activists hope Cokes capitulation will help curb c

46、ommercialism in schools altogether. From ads on Channel One, which broadcasts current-affairs programs on classroom TVs, to middle-school math texts that cite Nike and other brand-name products in their word problems, to company-sponsored scoreboards on football fields, American pupils are bombarded

47、. But Andrew Hagelshaw, executive director of the Oakland, Calif.-based Center for Commercial-Free Public Education, views Coca-Colas policy shift as a “partial victory“. Schools sign contracts with local bottlers; the parent company can only urge them to back off. Moreover, Cokes machines will rema

48、in in place, although with healthier options.And dont expect teenagers to suddenly swear off the stuffor school districts to give up the revenue. At Wheeler High School in Marietta, Ga., where students arrive before 7 a. m. and stay as late as 11 oclock at night, they rely on the machines. And the $

49、50, 000 in annual vending revenues have enabled Principal Joe Boland to refinish the gym floor, install a new high-jump pit, and pay $7, 000 for two buses. “If someone made an offer to me to take the machines out, Id consider it,“ says Boland. “But nobodys offering me any money./（分数：6.00）(1).“Forget football“ i