【考研类试卷】考博英语-90 (1)及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-90 (1)及答案解析(总分：58.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The announcement of the death of their beloved leader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to _ their lives.（分数：0.50）A.perpetuateB.penetrateC.persistD.persecute2.Scientists, like other people, are always pleased to have

2、their own ideas _.（分数：0.50）A.validatingB.to be validatedC.validatedD.being validated3.Wherever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them.（分数：0.50）A.vestigesB.residuesC.characteristicsD.figures4.

3、For instance, the public may not fully understand the physical principles behind lasers, but it clearly can appreciate the extraordinary medical benefits _ this technology.（分数：0.50）A.as a result ofB.that result inC.the result of which is inD.resulting from5._ if he is willing to fit in with the plan

4、s of our group.（分数：0.50）A.There is no objection on him joining the partyB.There is no objection to him joining the partyC.I have no objection to his joining us in the partyD.I do not object to him to join the party6.But many in the commission are well aware of such needs, and are seeking to address

5、them.（分数：0.50）A.thrivingB.strikingC.scramblingD.striving7.It is a general belief in American society that Asian or Asian-American parents are able to instill into their children a much greater incentive to work.（分数：0.50）A.encouragementB.motivationC.inducementD.inspiration8.Without a(n) liberal suppl

6、y of necessary equipment and materials, the mountain-climbers would not have been able to scale the heights and reach the top in such bad weather.（分数：0.50）A.lenientB.freeC.casualD.abundant9.People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change i

7、n the nation s economy would bring about social chaos.（分数：0.50）A.occupiedB.overwhelmedC.obligedD.obsessed10.Samples of this article will be sent to you free _.（分数：0.50）A.of accordB.on requestC.for paymentD.in advance11.Aside from perpetuating itself, the sole purpose of the American Academy and Inst

8、itute of Arts and Letters is to “foster, assist and sustain an interest“ in literature, music, and art.（分数：0.50）A.growB.promoteC.maintainD.survive12.Telecommuting, _ the computer for the trip to the job, has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.（分数：0.50）A.substit

9、utesB.substitution ofC.substitutingD.to substitute for13.Henry David Thoreau used to ramble through the woods before he wrote his most famous book Walden (1854).（分数：0.50）A.roamB.lingerC.wonderD.browse14.According to some psychologists, in developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that perce

10、ption of the external world does not always remain independent _ motivation.（分数：0.50）A.ofB.onC.uponD.in15.Costs for regulation of business actually are a hidden tax severely reducing the competitive ness of domestic businesses _ when they face an increasingly global marketplace.（分数：0.50）A.on occasio

11、nsB.at a timeC.under the circumstancesD.at once16.Mass transportation revised the social and economic, fabric of the American city in many ways so as to permit an easy row of traffic.（分数：0.50）A.textureB.textileC.networkD.structure17.Some would consider such speech an infringement of good mariners wh

12、ereas others would not.（分数：0.50）A.an exampleB.a violationC.an insultD.an indication18.Our visual perception depends on the reception of energy reflecting or radiating from _ which we wish to perceive.（分数：0.50）A.itB.theseC.thatD.those19.The impact of Thoreau s On the Duty of Civil Disobedience might

13、not have been so far reaching _ for Elizabeth Peabody, who dared to publish the controversial essay.（分数：0.50）A.it not beingB.if it has not beenC.if it were notD.had it not been20.Those regions inhabited mostly by national minorities in the Northwest of the country are retarded in terms of social pro

14、gress and economic development _ the coastal provinces.（分数：0.50）A.in relevance toB.in conformity withC.in relation toD.in accordance with二、BPart Error Co(总题数：10，分数：5.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：5.00)31.The advertising man is said

15、 to share with the Church, Bar, and Medicine the ability to _.（分数：1.00）A.convince people of the truthB.win people s confidenceC.accept people s prejudicesD.exploit people s fears32.According to the passage, customers are attracted to a product because it appears to _.（分数：1.00）A.have a sufficiently a

16、ttractive designB.offer good value for money spent on itC.fulfill the manufacturers claimsD.satisfy their personal needs33.According to the passage, modern advertising is “authoritative“ because of the way it _.（分数：1.00）A.influences our image of the kind of person we ought to be likeB.interferes wit

17、h the privacy of home lifeC.continually forces us into buying thingsD.distracts us no matter where we are34.The advertisers _.（分数：1.00）A.know deep down what they wantB.are interested in what is being designedC.are indifferent to what is being advertisedD.are uncritical and easily influenced35.The fo

18、rms of advertising mentioned in the first paragraph would have least impact _.（分数：1.00）A.in the rush hoursB.during working hoursC.before working hoursD.after working hours四、B(2)/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)36.According to the passage, the lack of critical attention paid to Jane Austin can be explained by all of

19、 the following nineteenth-century attitudes toward the novel EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.the assurance felt by many people that novels weakened the mindB.the certainty shared by many political commentators that the range of novels was too narrowC.the lack of interest shown by some critics in novels that wer

20、e published anonymouslyD.the fear exhibited by some critics in novels that had the power to portray immoral characters attractively37.The author mentions that English hterature “was not part of any academic curriculum“ in the early nineteenth century in order to _.（分数：1.00）A.emphasize the need for J

21、ane Austin to create ordinary, everyday characters in her novelsB.give support to those religious and political groups that had attacked fictionC.give one reason why Jane Austin s novels received little critical attention in the early nineteenth centuryD.suggest the superiority of an informal and un

22、systematized approach to the study of literature38.The passage suggests that twentieth-century Marxists would have admired Jane Austin s novels more if the novels as the Marxists understood them, had _.（分数：1.00）A.described the values of upper-middle class societyB.avoided moral instruction and sermo

23、nizingC.depicted ordinary society in a more flattering lightD.portrayed characters from more than one class of society39.The primary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.demonstrate the nineteenth-century preference for realistic novels rather than romantic onesB.explain why Jane Austin s novel

24、s were not included in any academic curriculum in tile early nineteenth centuryC.urge a reassessment of Jane Austin s novels by twentieth-century criticsD.describe some of the responses of nineteenth-century critics to Jane Austin s novels as well as to fiction in general40.It can be inferred from t

25、he passage that Whately found Dickens characters to be（分数：1.00）A.especially interesting to young readersB.ordinary persons in recognizably human situationsC.less liable than Jane Austin s characters to have a realistic mixture of moral qualitiesD.more often villainous and weak than virtuous and good

26、五、B(3)/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)41.We learn from the beginning of the text that a philosophy of culture _.（分数：1.00）A.is not at all to aggregate a mass of factsB.seeks to understand the various facts as a wholeC.assumes the discrete facts as a systematic wholeD.claims history as a collection of the data of hu

27、man culture42.In the view of the author, man s unity is dialectic because of its _.（分数：1.00）A.simple substance which exists in itselfB.homogeneity of the various elementsC.functions in solving philosophical problemsD.heterogeneity of the constituent parts43.The direct reason for “hidden harmony“ in

28、human culture is _.（分数：1.00）A.dynamic balanceB.static equipoiseC.a struggle between opposing forcesD.something better than that which is obvious44.Speaking of the breadth of human life, the author may probably favor the argument of _.（分数：1.00）A.the historical variety of particular phenomenaB.the var

29、ied aspects of man s natureC.the heterogeneity of human cultureD.the specific structure of symbolic forms45.We learn from the last paragraph that the author believes that _.（分数：1.00）A.human culture cannot be bound together in natureB.the forms of human culture can conform to their natureC.an identit

30、y or similarity is unimportant historicallyD.a lasting and static equipoise exists in the use of human culture六、B Read this p(总题数：5，分数：5.00)46.Try to define the identity of the author and that of the audience he or she is addressing.（分数：1.00）_47.Comment on the tone of the author.（分数：1.00）_48.Comment

31、 on the author s view of what the U. S and Japanese governments might be expected to do to improve trade and economic relations between the two countries.（分数：1.00）_49.Identify areas the author might have ignored or tried deliberately to avoid mentioning where clashes between the US. and Japan have a

32、risen and will likely persist in the future.（分数：1.00）_50.What is the implication of the term “rogue nations“ from your point of view?（分数：1.00）_七、BPart Translat(总题数：1，分数：3.00)51.约翰施特劳斯(Johann Strauss)的故居在一条大街上，是一座粉色的四层楼老公寓房子。施特劳斯曾住在这座房子二层楼上的两套房间里，于 1866年末到 1867年初在这里谱写了蓝色的多瑙河(The Blue Danube)这支名曲。那时他已

33、经 42岁了，在维也纳音乐界中负有盛名，但只是在这支乐曲问世以后，才奠定了他的“圆舞曲之王”的地位。这座房子离多瑙河不远，步行约半个多小时。当时这里是一片大森林，施特劳斯常常穿过森林到河边去散步，现在房屋鳞次栉比，成为热闹的大街了。（分数：3.00）_八、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.1. The inevitability of the loss of Chinese traditional values under the present-day market economy. 2. The effect of the loss of traditiona

34、l values that have been validated by 6me on modern Chinese society? 3. How to prevent the loss of good traditional values. Now write your composition on the Answer Sheet.（分数：20.00）_考博英语-90 (1)答案解析(总分：58.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The announcement of the death of their beloved l

35、eader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to _ their lives.（分数：0.50）A.perpetuate B.penetrateC.persistD.persecute解析：perpetuate 使永久存在，保存。penetrate 穿透，渗透。persecute 迫害。persist 坚持，持续。2.Scientists, like other people, are always pleased to have their own ideas _.（分数：0.50）A.validatingB.to be valida

36、tedC.validated D.being validated解析：句意：与其他人一样，科学家们总是希望他们的观点合法化。have sth done 结构。3.Wherever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them.（分数：0.50）A.vestigesB.residuesC.characteristics D.figures解析：tra

37、it 显著特点，特性。characteristic 特性，特征。vestige 遗迹，痕迹。residue 残余，剩余。4.For instance, the public may not fully understand the physical principles behind lasers, but it clearly can appreciate the extraordinary medical benefits _ this technology.（分数：0.50）A.as a result ofB.that result inC.the result of which is

38、inD.resulting from 解析：result from 是的结果。resulting from 现在分词短语作定语，修饰 the extraordinary medical benefits。as a result of 由于，因为。result in 导致，造成。5._ if he is willing to fit in with the plans of our group.（分数：0.50）A.There is no objection on him joining the partyB.There is no objection to him joining the pa

39、rtyC.I have no objection to his joining us in the party D.I do not object to him to join the party解析：句意：要是他愿意与我们的计划一致的话，我不反对他加入。6.But many in the commission are well aware of such needs, and are seeking to address them.（分数：0.50）A.thrivingB.strikingC.scramblingD.striving 解析：seek 企图，试图。strive 努力，力求。th

40、rive 兴旺，繁荣。scramble 攀登，争夺。7.It is a general belief in American society that Asian or Asian-American parents are able to instill into their children a much greater incentive to work.（分数：0.50）A.encouragementB.motivation C.inducementD.inspiration解析：incentive 动机。motivation 动机。inspiration 激励，鼓舞。encourage

41、ment 鼓励。inducement引诱，劝诱。8.Without a(n) liberal supply of necessary equipment and materials, the mountain-climbers would not have been able to scale the heights and reach the top in such bad weather.（分数：0.50）A.lenientB.freeC.casualD.abundant 解析：liberal 充足的，丰富的。abundant 丰富的，充裕的。lenient 仁慈的，宽大的。9.Peopl

42、e in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation s economy would bring about social chaos.（分数：0.50）A.occupiedB.overwhelmedC.obligedD.obsessed 解析：haunt 萦绕在心头，缠绕。obsess 使缠绕，困扰。overwhelm 制服，压倒。occupy 占据，占用。10.Samples of this article w

43、ill be sent to you free _.（分数：0.50）A.of accordB.on request C.for paymentD.in advance解析：句意：这篇文章的样稿将会应你的要求寄给你。on request 有详细资料备索。in advance 预先；提前。11.Aside from perpetuating itself, the sole purpose of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to “foster, assist and sustain an interest“

44、 in literature, music, and art.（分数：0.50）A.growB.promote C.maintainD.survive解析：foster 培养，鼓励，促进。promote 促进，提升。12.Telecommuting, _ the computer for the trip to the job, has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.（分数：0.50）A.substitutesB.substitution ofC.substituting D.

45、to substitute for解析：句意：远程办公用电脑代替了长途业务，它被誉为解决各种办公室相关业务问题的好方法。substituting现在分词短语作状语，substitute A for B 用 A替换 B。13.Henry David Thoreau used to ramble through the woods before he wrote his most famous book Walden (1854).（分数：0.50）A.roam B.lingerC.wonderD.browse解析：ramble 散步，闲逛。roam 漫步，闲逛。linger 逗留，留恋。wond

46、er 惊讶，惊奇。 browse 浏览，吃草。14.According to some psychologists, in developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that perception of the external world does not always remain independent _ motivation.（分数：0.50）A.of B.onC.uponD.in解析：independent of 独立于，不依赖于。15.Costs for regulation of business actually are a hidden tax severely reducing the competitive ness of domestic businesses _ when they face an increasingly global marketplace.（分数：0.50）A.on occ