【考研类试卷】考博英语-完型填空(一)及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-完型填空(一)及答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The feared tomahawk was a war axe (1) by Native Americans. A Native American would make one by honing a piece of stone so that (2) had one or two sharp edges, and (3) attaching it to a wooden handle. The young men would spend many hour

2、s practicing to become expert (4) the tomahawks use. It became an excellent weapon. This was especially true when used by a brave (5) .To make a tomahawk, the Native American first had to find a (6) that was the proper shape and weight. Then it had to be attached to a (7) . One way to do this was to

3、 bore or burn a hole (8) a wooden stick, then push the stone through it and tie the stone and wood (9) with strips of hide. Another way was to split the wood, force the stone (10) the sides of the split, and finally tie the divided ends of the stick together.The tomahawk could be used for chopping t

4、wigs and other rough cutting jobs. However its primary purpose was as a (11) . Normally, the warrior wielded his tomahawk in hand-to-hand combat, swinging it at his enemies in hopes of stunning them, (12) cutting them. On rare occasions it was (13) . But unless the tomahawk was perfectly balanced, t

5、ossing it was an extremely poor method of hitting a target.The type of stone use determined how (14) it was. But even with the best of stones, it would (15) be as keen as a steel ax. Soon (16) the Europeans settled in North America, the stone-and-wood tomahawk was replaced by steel hatchets. These w

6、ere manufactured in Europe for the settlers, (17) for trade with the Native Americans.Some tribes had the (18) of burying their tomahawks in the ground whenever a peace had been declared with their enemies. Presumably, it was this custom (19) gave rise (20) the phrase “ to bury the hatchet“.（分数：10.0

7、0）(1).A. to use B. usedC. using D. use（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. it B. theyC. which D. you（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. so B. asC. then D. after（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. on B. byC. with D. in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. warrior B. fighterC. soldier D. air（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. wood B. stoneC. steel D. iron（分数：0.50

8、）A.B.C.D.(7).A. handle B. wheelC. wire D. hook（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. in B. onC. at D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. again B. andC. together D. so（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. between B. toC. by D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. tool B. weaponC. medicine D. harness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. more thanB. l

9、ess thanC. rather thanD. much than（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. sole B. boughtC. stolen D. thrown（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. valuable B. heavyC. sharp D. accurate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. possible B. neverC. certainly D. often（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. before B. thenC. after D. until（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. of

10、 courseB. ideallyC. reallyD. specifically（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. custom B. wayC. advantage D. goodness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. which B. thatC. it D. what（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. at B. aboutC. to D. into（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Fencing, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,

11、was a method for (1) disputes in which opponents dueled to the death. Today, fortunately, it is a sport (2) opponents use dueling swords that have the points covered. This is done to prevent (3) . The fencers also wear face masks, padded jackets, and gloves for (4) .The foil, the saber, and the pe a

12、re all used in modem fencing. These (5) are all quite different. The foil has a flexible, four-sided (6) and a circular guard to protect the hand. The saber has a flat, thin blade and a hand (7) that curves around the knuckles. The pe has a rigid, three sided blade and a large circular hand guard.Th

13、e (8) of this sport is to touch an opponent with your dueling sword without being touched (9) . A point is given for each touch. In many championship meets, an electrical device is used to record (10) . Men as well as women are allowed to enter the competition. It is (11) to both. However they do no

14、t compete against each other. Scoring is different for (12) . Five points are needed to win a mens bout in foil; three in pe. Four points are needed to win a (13) bout.The rules for contests using the foil, saber, and pe are basically the (14) .However there are (15) differences. With the foil, poin

15、ts can be scored only when the opponents torso is touched with the covered tip of the foil. With the saber, points are (16) when any part of the opponents body except the legs is touched by (17) the tip or edges of the blade. In pe duels, points are scored when any part of the opponents body is touc

16、hed with the blade tip.Fencing is a sport that requires grace and skill. The basic movements of attack (the thrust) and (18) (blocking the thrust) both demand muscular coordination of hand, foot, and body, as well as the thorough knowledge of techniques and tactics. Agility and quick thinking are eq

17、ually important. (19) is not required. Therefore, both the young and the old, (20) of whom may be very strong, can enjoy this sport.（分数：10.00）(1).A. settling B. enforcingC. enjoying D. discussing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. which B. thatC. in which D. it（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. theft B. injuryC. hunger D.

18、 disease（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. protest B. deathC. birth D. protection（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. weapons B. masksC. jackets D. groves（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. shirt B. bladeC. helmet D. shoe（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. socks B. faceC. guard D. hair（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. object B. subjectC. dispute D. theme（分

19、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. in shortB. in summaryC. in briefD. in return（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. smells B. touchesC. tastes D. interests（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. closed B. lostC. open D. passed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. all B. everyC. neither D. each（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. womens B. mensC. childrens D. yout

20、hs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. different B. sameC. like D. as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. costly B. majorC. slight D. numerous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. handed B. preventedC. touched D. scored（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. either B. neitherC. otherwise D. nor（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. offence B. defenseC. arrest D. a

21、ttack（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. Travel B. MoneyC. Strength D. Identification（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. both B. allC. some D. neither（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The gnu, or wildebeest as it is sometimes called, is a horse like animal that lives in southern Africa. It is a (1) animal. Weig

22、hing 300 to 475 pounds, the gnu is equipped (2) high, large shoulders and a thick neck. Its big head has long horns that curve upward (3) buffalo horns. Clumps of stiff hair grow on the gnus forehead, neck, and shoulders, (4) on its long, horse like tail.Gnus are often (5) “horned horses“ by the peo

23、ple of Africa. They live in herds the (6) horses do, and they can be just as playful as any colt. But gnus can gallop as (7) as fifty miles an hour. Thus they can easily (8) any horse. They are also more dangerous fighters than horses (9) they are very good at butting their enemies with their sharp

24、hours.There are two (10) of gnus. One is known as the white-tailed gnu. This kind has become (11) extinct. That is, only a few are still to be (12) in the wild. The white tailed gnu stands about three and a half feet (13) at the shoulders and has a fierce, hairy face. Its coat has black and white ma

25、rkings. Its tail is yellowish-white. The horns of a white-tailed gnu are only two feet (14) . The second type is known as the brindled gnu. It attains a height of four and a half feet (15) the shoulders. This (16) has a sad-looking face. The brindled gnu has yellowish-brown or gray hair with dark st

26、ripes (17) its shoulders and neck. Its curved hours are almost three feet long.Gnus (18) over Africa from northern Kenya to northern South Africa and Southwest Africa. They have a simple (19) . They look for leaves, twigs, and grass to eat. Since gnus are (20) to raise in captivity, you can find the

27、m in many American zoos.（分数：10.00）(1).A. timid B. tinyC. small D. heavy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. with B. onC. by D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. as B. likeC. alike D. resemble（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. as well B. in additionC. as well as D. except for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. spoken B. affectedC. fired D

28、. called（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. way B. sleepC. play D. song（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. slowly B. fastC. flying D. walking（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. destroy B. rideC. outrun D. defend（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. so B. thenC. when D. because（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. types B. classesC. systems D. topics（分数：0.50）A.B

29、.C.D.(11).A. usually B. almostC. often D. always（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. buried B. grownC. found D. tested（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. short B. lowC. long D. high（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. long B. tallC. broad D. narrow（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. by B. atC. with D. as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. soldier B. scien

30、tistC. animal D. clown（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. in B. soC. back D. on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. range B. spendC. neglect D. spoil（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. natureB. dietC. nameD. environment（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. hard B. playfulC. easy D. joyful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.考博英语-完型填空(一)答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Pa

31、ssage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The feared tomahawk was a war axe (1) by Native Americans. A Native American would make one by honing a piece of stone so that (2) had one or two sharp edges, and (3) attaching it to a wooden handle. The young men would spend many hours practicing to become expert (4) the toma

32、hawks use. It became an excellent weapon. This was especially true when used by a brave (5) .To make a tomahawk, the Native American first had to find a (6) that was the proper shape and weight. Then it had to be attached to a (7) . One way to do this was to bore or burn a hole (8) a wooden stick, t

33、hen push the stone through it and tie the stone and wood (9) with strips of hide. Another way was to split the wood, force the stone (10) the sides of the split, and finally tie the divided ends of the stick together.The tomahawk could be used for chopping twigs and other rough cutting jobs. However

34、 its primary purpose was as a (11) . Normally, the warrior wielded his tomahawk in hand-to-hand combat, swinging it at his enemies in hopes of stunning them, (12) cutting them. On rare occasions it was (13) . But unless the tomahawk was perfectly balanced, tossing it was an extremely poor method of

35、hitting a target.The type of stone use determined how (14) it was. But even with the best of stones, it would (15) be as keen as a steel ax. Soon (16) the Europeans settled in North America, the stone-and-wood tomahawk was replaced by steel hatchets. These were manufactured in Europe for the settler

36、s, (17) for trade with the Native Americans.Some tribes had the (18) of burying their tomahawks in the ground whenever a peace had been declared with their enemies. Presumably, it was this custom (19) gave rise (20) the phrase “ to bury the hatchet“.（分数：10.00）(1).A. to use B. usedC. using D. use（分数：

37、0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：(2).A. it B. theyC. which D. you（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：从前文的 one 可以看出，这里的代词指代的是单数名词，所以要用 it。(3).A. so B. asC. then D. after（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：这句话简单地介绍了 tomahawk 的制作步骤，用 then 表示承接。(4).A. on B. byC. with D. in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：expert in/at.是固定搭配，表示“在很熟练，在很精通”，其他选项则没有这样的搭配。(5).A. war

38、rior B. fighterC. soldier D. air（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：单从前文 tomahawk 作为一个 weapon 来看，这几个选项都可以考虑，但如果通读全文会发现文章的第三段中显示，tomahawk 的使用者是美洲土著居民的 warriors。(6).A. wood B. stoneC. steel D. iron（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：结合上下文可以看出，制作 tomahawk 首先要选择 stone，wood 是 handle 的材料，以 steel 为材料制作的斧子则是在欧洲人到美洲以后才有的，iron 在文中没有提及。(7)

39、.A. handle B. wheelC. wire D. hook（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：从前文可以看出，制作 tomahawk 的第二步是将打磨好的 stone 固定在 wooden handle 上。(8).A. in B. onC. at D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：on 表示在物体的表面，in 表示在比表面更深的物体中间，through 表示穿过物体。结合上下文可以看出，hole 应该穿透了 wooded stick，才能将 stone 从中穿进去。(9).A. again B. andC. together D. so（分数：0.

40、50）A.B.C. D.解析：此处是讲制作 tomahawk 要将 wood 和 stone 绑在一起，所以用 together，此空的下一句有提示。(10).A. between B. toC. by D. through（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：根据文章可知，这里讲的是使 wood 裂开，将 stone 放在缝隙之间，所以用 between。(11).A. tool B. weaponC. medicine D. harness（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：结合上下文 combat、enemies、warriors 等词可以看出 tomahawk 最初应该是当作

41、武器使用的。(12).A. more thanB. less thanC. rather thanD. much than（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：more than 表示“不仅仅是，超过，多于”，less than 表示“不超过，少于”，rather than 表示“要不如，与其说是不如说是”，或“而不是”，much than 是错误表达。此处的意思是在战场上多是挥舞 tomahawk 将敌人打晕而不是用来砍杀，所以用 rather than。(13).A. sole B. boughtC. stolen D. thrown（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：sole“

42、单独的，唯一的”，stolen，bought，thrown 都是过去分词，分别表示“偷”、“买”、“扔，投掷”。结合下文的 tossing 可知，在极少数情况下才会将 tomahawk 投掷出去，所以选 thrown。(14).A. valuable B. heavyC. sharp D. accurate（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：sharp“锋利的，尖锐的”，heavy“沉重的”，accurate“精准的，准确的”。通过理解文章不难选出此处的意思是，stone 的类型决定了其价值，所以应该选 valuable，表示“贵重的，有价值的”。(15).A. possible B.

43、neverC. certainly D. often（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：根据常理可知，无论石头的质地如何优良也不及钢铁锋利，所以应选表示“不可能”的 never。(16).A. before B. thenC. after D. until（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：before 表示“在之前”，after 表示“在之后”，then 表示“然后”，until 表示“直到”。文中此处的意思是，在欧洲人移居北美不久之后所以用 after。(17).A. of courseB. ideallyC. reallyD. specifically（分数：0.50）A.B

44、.C.D. 解析：of course 表示“当然，自然”，ideally 表示“完美地，理想地”，really 表示“真实地，确实地”，specifically 表示“特地，专门”。此处表示生产 steel hatchets 卖给移民，特别是卖给美洲本地人。(18).A. custom B. wayC. advantage D. goodness（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：从后文可知，停战时将 tomahawk 埋到地里是很多部落的习俗，所以用 custom。(19).A. which B. thatC. it D. what（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：It is.

45、that.是强调句的句型，此处用来强调 this custom。(20).A. at B. aboutC. to D. into（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：give rise to 是固定短语，表示“引起，导致，使产生”。这里表示正因为这个习俗产生了“to bury the hatchet”这个短语。二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Fencing, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, was a method for (1) disputes in which opponents dueled to the

46、 death. Today, fortunately, it is a sport (2) opponents use dueling swords that have the points covered. This is done to prevent (3) . The fencers also wear face masks, padded jackets, and gloves for (4) .The foil, the saber, and the pe are all used in modem fencing. These (5) are all quite differen

47、t. The foil has a flexible, four-sided (6) and a circular guard to protect the hand. The saber has a flat, thin blade and a hand (7) that curves around the knuckles. The pe has a rigid, three sided blade and a large circular hand guard.The (8) of this sport is to touch an opponent with your dueling

48、sword without being touched (9) . A point is given for each touch. In many championship meets, an electrical device is used to record (10) . Men as well as women are allowed to enter the competition. It is (11) to both. However they do not compete against each other. Scoring is different for (12) .

49、Five points are needed to win a mens bout in foil; three in pe. Four points are needed to win a (13) bout.The rules for contests using the foil, saber, and pe are basically the (14) .However there are (15) differences. With the foil, points can be scored only when the opponents torso is touched with the covered tip of the foil. With the saber, points are (16) when any part of the opponents body except the legs is touched by (17) the tip or edges of the blade. In pe duels, points are scored when any part of the op