【考研类试卷】考博英语-完型填空(三)及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-完型填空(三)及答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)There is probably no sound in (1) more chilling than the “ hiss “ of a diamondback rattlesnake. There is good reason: the western diamondback has killed more humans than (2) snake. It is easily excitable, very aggressive, frequently hu

2、ngry, and deadly poisonous. Yet it doesnt really hiss. Rather, it (3) its tail. A mature rattler can move its tail up and down between fifty and a hundred times a second! The hollow rattles (4) the tail, beating against each other, create the “hissing“ sound.Why does this creature (5) rattles? Rattl

3、esnakes molt three times a year, shedding their outer layer of skin each time. But the molting skin near the tail is not discarded. (6) it hardens and hollows out, becoming another rattle. If a snake had never lost any rattles, you could (7) its age by counting them and dividing by three.Do the snak

4、es need their rattles? The rattles cannot be used in a mating call, (8) rattlesnakes are deaf. They are not a sign of hunger, for snakes with full stomachs rattle as often as hungry (9) . And in the wild, the rattling scares prey. It does not (10) them. Therefore, scientists believe that snakes use

5、rattles merely to warn larger animals not to step on (11) . They have studied them extensively and found that it was a function more important in ages past when the rattlers shared the plains (12) 60 million buffalo!Rattlesnakes are one of the (13) advanced forms of “ pit “ vipersanimals who possess

6、 an organ for an extra sense. The pit organ is like an infrared radar sensor. (14) in the snakes head, the pit organ can sense differences in temperature between inside and outside itselfdifferences as small as 1% of a degree. Not only can rattlesnakes (15) sense the presence of another animalor a h

7、umanbut they apparently can (16) determine its direction and range. These animals dont feed on (17) , of course. Their poison, however, may kill humans. But this happens only in (18) they think is self-defense.Rattlesnakes are really quite (19) Their principal diet of mice and rats makes them valuab

8、le to the ecology of the West. So rather than fear them, we should respect the (20) they play in containing the population of these harmful pests.（分数：10.00）(1).A. person B. natureC. forest D. zoo（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. anyB. otherC. moreD. any other（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. twists B. cleansC. sheds D.

9、 shakes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. at B. inC. on D. by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. attractB. possessC. graspD. transfer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. On timeB. At timeC. In a timeD. In time（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. tell B. speakC. talk D. ask（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. because of B. due toC. for D. so（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9)

10、.A. one B. onesC. these D. those（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. control B. avoidC. repel D. attack（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. them B. itC. you D. rattle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. together B. byC. with D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. more B. mostC. much D. many（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. To locateB. LocatingC. B

11、eing locatedD. Located（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. therefore B. becauseC. since D. though（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. slowly B. poorlyC. instantly D. happily（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. monkeys B. peopleC. mice D. seagulls（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. which B. thatC. how D. what（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. helpfulB. han

12、dsomeC. poisonousD. scarce（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. fear B. defenseC. role D. sense（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sulphur is one of the oldest, cheapest, and most useful minerals in the world. Yellowish or greenish in (1) , this odorless material is found in the earth in a crystal form.

13、We have discovered thousands of (2) for it. For this reason, every man, woman, and child in America (3) about seventy-five pounds of it each year.Until 1900 almost all of the worlds supply of sulphur came from the Italian (4) of Sicily. Since then America has discovered how to mine its own vast supp

14、lies found in Texas and Louisiana. Spain, Mexico, and South America are also (5) for it. (6) , we know there are trillions of tons of sulphur in our oceans.In Sicily sulphur was found near the earths surface, but American miners had to learn (7) to extract sulphur from 1200 to 1500 feet underground.

15、 There were many years of experiments. Then they finally found the (8) . Several pipes were drilled down to the sulphur deposits. Some of them carried boiling water, causing the sulphur to (9) . Then other pipes carried the mineral up and (10) of the earth in a liquid form.Most people do not realize

16、 that the manufacture of many common articles (11) on sulphur. Some farmers use compounds of this mineral to (12) insects and plant pests. It is an important ingredient in the manufacture of paper pulp, (13) is used for our books and magazines. Researchers have found that some forms of sulphur can b

17、e used in fighting infections. Therefore many (14) include this mineral. Gunpowder, camera and X-ray film, and mbber tires also (15) sulphur.About eighty percent of all the sulphur (16) goes into the manufacture of sulphurie acid. In its pure form it has no (17) . However, sulphide compounds (18) ha

18、ve the strong smell of rotten eggs. Although most sulphurie acid is used to make fertilizers and to refine petroleum, it is an ingredient in hundreds of other commodities (19) , from textiles to glue, food preservatives, paint, and (20) glass.（分数：10.00）(1).A. form B. smellC. use D. colour（分数：0.50）A.

19、B.C.D.(2).A. namesB. purposesC. institutesD. formulas（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. uses B. useC. used D. will use（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. place B. cityC. island D. state（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. waitingB. votingC. preparingD. digging（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. As a resultB. In additionC. Except forD. As well（分数：

20、0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. how B. whatC. why D. when（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. problem B. goldC. silver D. location（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. freeze B. combineC. melt D. hide（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. from B. outC. by D. beneath（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. depends B. floatsC. lives D. works（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. inc

21、rease B. helpC. grow D. kill（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. that B. whoC. which D. when（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. plasticsB. medicinesC. ornamentsD. furnishings（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. include B. excludeC. confuse D. disappear（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. to mine B. miningC. mines D. mined（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A.

22、 dirt B. eolourC. odour D. buyer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. did B. doC. has D. will（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. as well B. eitherC. also D. as well as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. so B. orC. as D. even（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)This large city does almost no manufacturing and very little wholes

23、ale trade. Yet without the important service (1) provides, business everywhere would quickly grind to a (2) . Chaos would reign in all other leading cities. As you have guessed, the “product“ we are talking about is government, and the city is the (3) of the United States, Washington, D. C. One out

24、of every two persons (4) in the city works for the federal government.Washington has many (5) . It leads the nation in level of education achieved by its residents. More than fifteen percent of its adults have had four years or more of college. (6) scientists can be found here than in any other city

25、. Since larger incomes are earned by (7) people, Washington has the highest median income of any city.Information is the vital force of the city. The Library of Congress (8) the largest and most comprehensive warehouse of information in the world. It contains 74 million items on hundreds of miles of

26、 (9) . In addition to books, these (10) include manuscripts, maps, photographs and documents. Papers of the Presidents all the way back to Washington are found here. The library is (11) to the public. It is considered by (12) to be one of the finest in the world. These people study the documents fou

27、nd in libraries.Washington has many important governmental buildings and historic shrines. (13) include the Capitol building, the White House, the Supreme Court, the Lincoln Memorial, and the Washington Monument. The Bureau of Engraving and Printing is (14) located here. This agency is responsible (

28、15) putting new paper money into circulation. Tens of millions of dollars in money is (16) here every day.Unlike most cities, which grow in jumbled masses, Washington was planned on paper (17) any of its buildings were erected. The planners incorporated broad open areas around the historic landmarks

29、 and buildings. As a result the city is (18) . The central part of the city (19) a huge green park with broad, tree-lined boulevards and splendid (20) of its great structures.（分数：10.00）(1).A. that B. whichC. it D. they（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. halt B. pointC. place D. trade（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. city

30、 B. capitalC. edge D. margin（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. workedB. studiedC. talkedD. employed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. distinctions B. problemsC. sights D. hotels（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. Good B. LessC. More D. Many（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. poor B. richC. tall D. trained（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. pilesB. housesC.

31、 schoolsD. educates（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. shelves B. roadsC. trails D. tracks（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. projectsB. plansC. itemsD. schemes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. close B. shutC. locked D. open（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. workers B. scholarsC. artists D. players（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. These B. ThisC. Al

32、l D. Those（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. either B. tooC. also D. so（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. of B. byC. from D. for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. spent B. printedC. stolen D. saved（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. before B. afterC. if D. when（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. safeB. dirtyC. clearD. dangerous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A

33、. looks B. resemblesC. takes D. assumes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. space B. positionsC. money D. views（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.考博英语-完型填空(三)答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)There is probably no sound in (1) more chilling than the “ hiss “ of a diamondback rattlesnake. There is good reason: th

34、e western diamondback has killed more humans than (2) snake. It is easily excitable, very aggressive, frequently hungry, and deadly poisonous. Yet it doesnt really hiss. Rather, it (3) its tail. A mature rattler can move its tail up and down between fifty and a hundred times a second! The hollow rat

35、tles (4) the tail, beating against each other, create the “hissing“ sound.Why does this creature (5) rattles? Rattlesnakes molt three times a year, shedding their outer layer of skin each time. But the molting skin near the tail is not discarded. (6) it hardens and hollows out, becoming another ratt

36、le. If a snake had never lost any rattles, you could (7) its age by counting them and dividing by three.Do the snakes need their rattles? The rattles cannot be used in a mating call, (8) rattlesnakes are deaf. They are not a sign of hunger, for snakes with full stomachs rattle as often as hungry (9)

37、 . And in the wild, the rattling scares prey. It does not (10) them. Therefore, scientists believe that snakes use rattles merely to warn larger animals not to step on (11) . They have studied them extensively and found that it was a function more important in ages past when the rattlers shared the

38、plains (12) 60 million buffalo!Rattlesnakes are one of the (13) advanced forms of “ pit “ vipersanimals who possess an organ for an extra sense. The pit organ is like an infrared radar sensor. (14) in the snakes head, the pit organ can sense differences in temperature between inside and outside itse

39、lfdifferences as small as 1% of a degree. Not only can rattlesnakes (15) sense the presence of another animalor a humanbut they apparently can (16) determine its direction and range. These animals dont feed on (17) , of course. Their poison, however, may kill humans. But this happens only in (18) th

40、ey think is self-defense.Rattlesnakes are really quite (19) Their principal diet of mice and rats makes them valuable to the ecology of the West. So rather than fear them, we should respect the (20) they play in containing the population of these harmful pests.（分数：10.00）(1).A. person B. natureC. for

41、est D. zoo（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：根据句意可推测，该句表达在自然界中菱斑响尾蛇的“嘶嘶声”是最可怕的，故选 B 项。A 项不符合语境，C 项与 D 项虽也为环境范围但不符合语意。(2).A. anyB. otherC. moreD. any other（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：该句意为在西方菱斑响尾蛇杀死的人类比其他蛇类杀死的人还要多，用 any other 表示同为蛇类的不同蛇种，故选 D。A 项 any 只用于不同类的比较，B 项搭配 snake 应为复数，C 项搭配错误。(3).A. twists B. cleansC. sheds D. sh

42、akes（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：根据文意可知响尾蛇尾巴上下弯曲，故选 A。(4).A. at B. inC. on D. by（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：该句表示“在尾巴上发出响声”，用介词 on，A 项与 B 项介词的方位错误，故选 C。(5).A. attractB. possessC. graspD. transfer（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：该句意为“为什么这种生物有这样的响器呢”，故选 B。possess，表“拥有”。(6).A. On timeB. At timeC. In a timeD. In time（分数：0.50）A.B.C

43、. D.解析：该句意为“经过一段时间以后，它会变硬并挖空”，选 C。In a time 表示“经过一段时间”。(7).A. tell B. speakC. talk D. ask（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：四个选项中只有 A 项 tell 有“识别；分辨；判断出”的意思，故选 A。(8).A. because of B. due toC. for D. so（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：该句表原因，故排除 D 项，A 项 because of 和 B 项 due to 后面只能接名词或名词短语，只有 C 项for 后面能跟句子表原因，故选 C。(9).A. one B

44、. onesC. these D. those（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：该句主语 snakes 是复数形式，故代词也用复数 ones，而此处不是特别指代“这些”或“那些”，排除 C、D，故选 B。(10).A. control B. avoidC. repel D. attack（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：该句表达的是，响尾蛇只是恐吓捕食者，而非真正攻击他们，故选 D 项 attack。(11).A. them B. itC. you D. rattle（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：该句表示响尾蛇只是警告大型动物不要踩到它们，故选 A 选项 them

45、表示“它们自己”。(12).A. together B. byC. with D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：share with 为固定搭配，意为“与分享”，故选 C。(13).A. more B. mostC. much D. many（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：该句表示响尾蛇是最高级的蛇种之一，用搭配 one of the most.表示，故选 B。(14).A. To locateB. LocatingC. Being locatedD. Located（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：过去分词在句首作定语，选 D。(15).A. t

46、herefore B. becauseC. since D. though（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：该句表示响尾蛇因此能感知其他动物或人类的存在，故选 A 项 therefore，B 项和 C 项表因为而非表示因此，后需接原因，故排除，D 选项不符合句意。(16).A. slowly B. poorlyC. instantly D. happily（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：根据前句意思，该句表达响尾蛇能立即判断其他动物的方位和距离，故选 C 选项。(17).A. monkeys B. peopleC. mice D. seagulls（分数：0.50）A.B.

47、C.D.解析：根据后句“然而它们的毒性可能杀死人类”可推断前句句意为“它们并不以人类为食”，故选 B 项。(18).A. which B. thatC. how D. what（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：what 作 they think 的宾语，in what 在这里等同于 which，故选 D。(19).A. helpfulB. handsomeC. poisonousD. scarce（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：通过“响尾蛇主食鼠类维持了西部生态平衡”可知它们非常有益，故选 A。(20).A. fear B. defenseC. role D. sense（分

48、数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：该句表示“我们应该尊重响尾蛇扮演的角色”，play the role 为固定搭配，故选 C。二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sulphur is one of the oldest, cheapest, and most useful minerals in the world. Yellowish or greenish in (1) , this odorless material is found in the earth in a crystal form. We have discovered thousands of (2

49、) for it. For this reason, every man, woman, and child in America (3) about seventy-five pounds of it each year.Until 1900 almost all of the worlds supply of sulphur came from the Italian (4) of Sicily. Since then America has discovered how to mine its own vast supplies found in Texas and Louisiana. Spain, Mexico, and South America are also (5) for it. (6) , we know there are trillions of tons of sulphur in our oceans.In Sicily sulphur was found near the earths surface, but American miners had to learn (7) to extract sulphur from 1200 to 1500 feet unde