【考研类试卷】考博英语-试卷266及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-试卷 266 及答案解析(总分：122.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Early last year the company researched the possibility of_ a new late-night show.（分数：2.00）A.launchingB.longingC.leadingD.landing2.The medicine_his pain but did not cure his illness.（分数：2.00）A.activatedB.alleviatedC.deter

2、ioratedD.mediated3.The purpose of a_is to cut down imports in order to protect domestic industry and workers from foreign competition.（分数：2.00）A.taxB.tollC.feeD.tariff4.If the profits in one year are not sufficient to pay the dividend, the_will be paid from the profits of later year.（分数：2.00）A.arrea

3、rB.debtC.differenceD.margin5.Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been_the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.（分数：2.00）A.pursuingB.chasingC.reachingD.winning6.The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that_the speakers stopped for refres

4、hments.（分数：2.00）A.at largeB.at intervalsC.at easeD.at random7.When travelling, you are advised to take travellers checks, which provide a secure _to carrying your money in cash.（分数：2.00）A.substituteB.selectionC.preferenceD.alternative8.I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a_ch

5、aracter.（分数：2.00）A.graciousB.suspiciousC.uniqueD.particular9.Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this_produces artificial cold surrounding it.（分数：2.00）A.absorptionB.transitionC.consumptionD.interaction10._the storm, the ship would have reached its dest

6、ination on time.（分数：2.00）A.But forB.In case ofC.In spite ofD.Because of11.A tyre_when you pump air into it; it shrinks when the air is gone.（分数：2.00）A.contactsB.expandsC.breaksD.shrinks12.We simply cant compete with other companies_ we improve our engine design and reduce the cost of production.（分数：

7、2.00）A.thoughB.unlessC.lestD.provided13.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary_it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.（分数：2.00）A.by thatB.at thatC.on thatD.in that14.He wasnt appointed chairman of the committee, _ not very popular with all its members.（分数：2.00）A.to be consideredB.considerin

8、gC.being consideredD.having considered15._telling her again since she wont listen to it?（分数：2.00）A.Whats the point ofB.Hows the point ofC.Where is the point inD.Is there the point for16.To save money for my education, mother often took on more work than_ for her.（分数：2.00）A.it was goodB.what was good

9、C.was goodD.being good17.He denied_to send out the signal at exactly 8 p. m.（分数：2.00）A.having been tellingB.being toldC.to be toldD.having been told18.Did it ever_you that he could be the murderer?（分数：2.00）A.occur toB.occur inC.happen toD.happen with19.The Professor sprang to his feet, _a hand to hi

10、s rosy, bald head.（分数：2.00）A.coveredB.clappingC.smashingD.hit20.The explorers came forward with gifts of ducks and flour-cakes and _ troughs of water for the horses to drink.（分数：2.00）A.held inB.held withC.held downD.held up二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Comparisons were drawn between the development of tele

11、vision in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15 th and 16 th centuries. Yet much had happened【C1】_. As was discussed before, it was not【C2】_the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【C3】_, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【C4

12、】_of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution【C5】_up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading【C6】_through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【C7】_the 20th-century world of the mo-tor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that p

13、rocess in【C8】_. It is important to do so. It is generally recognized,【C9】_, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,【C10】_by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【C11】_its impact on the media was not immediately【C12】_As time

14、went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as【C13】_, with display becoming sharper and storage【C14】_increasing. They were thought of, like people,【C15】_generations, with the distance between generations much smaller. It was within the computer age th

15、at the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the context within which we now live.（分数：30.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.later(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.afterB.byC.duringD.until(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measure(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.processB.companyC.lightD

16、.form(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.picked(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.onB.outC.overD.off(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.forC.beyondD.into(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.therefore(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.broughtB.followedC.stimulatedD.char

17、acterized(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.although(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausible(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.institutionalB.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumental(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.faculty(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.by means ofB.in terms ofC.wi

18、th regard toD.in line with三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：48.00)Celebrate. Celebrate. Physicians are delighted with a Food and Drug Administration(FDA)advisory panels recommendation earlier this year that Vioxx and its cousins Bextra and Celebrex(all medicines known as Cox-2 inhibitors)should remain

19、 on the market, despite evidence they increase heart disease risk in some people. The panelists reached their decision after weighing all the data and concluding the benefits of these pain-relieving drugs outweighed the risks. Specifically, these scientists acknowledged that, for some patients, thes

20、e prescription drugs were uniquely effective in reducing pain from arthritis and other causes. For othersconcerned about ulcers associated with aspirin and other OTC analgesicsthe Cox-2 inhibitors offered the advantage of minimizing potentially serious effects of stomach irritation. Now is an approp

21、riate time for everyone to take a fresh look at the benefit-risk equation for Vioxx and the other Cox-2 inhibitors. The risksincreased risk of heart disease in some who use the drugshave been well publicized. Much less publicity has been given to a spectrum of real and potential benefits that go way

22、 beyond reduced risk of stomach irritation. These little-discussed benefits would have been lost, perhaps permanentlyhad Vioxx, Bextra and Celebrex been driven from shelves in pursuit of perfect safety, an unattainable goal. For example, there is substantial evidence Cox-2 inhibitors can reduce deve

23、lopment of colon polyps, which may become colon cancel indeed. Celebrex is FDA-approved for those genetically prone to colon cancer. Ironically, the 2004 study that revealed the elevated heart attack risk of Vioxx was primarily designed to further establish the drugs effectiveness in protecting agai

24、nst colon cancer. And while the results of that interrupted trial have not yet been published, there is good reason to believe they will confirm the protective effects against colon cancer established in research over the last 10 years. At the time of its withdrawal from the market last fall, studie

25、s of Vioxx as well as the other Cox-2 drugs suggested they had other anti-cancer properties as well, possibly reducing the risk of malignancies of a number of sites, including the lung and esophagus. Had these drugs been dismissed, their untapped promise for prevention would have evaporated well bef

26、ore it was evaluated and applied to save lives. Fortunately, cooler and wiser heads prevailed.（分数：12.00）(1).The FDA advisory panel recommends that Cox-2 inhibitors should be_.（分数：2.00）A.given clinic testB.taken with great cautionC.used to treat heart problemsD.made available to the patients(2).What

27、does the passage say about Cox-2 inhibitors?（分数：2.00）A.They could prevent arthritis.B.Their functions have been exaggerated.C.They could relieve some stomach problems.D.Their risks and benefits are identical.(3).Cox-2 inhibitors were once banned from the market because they were found to increase th

28、e risk of triggering_.（分数：2.00）A.colon cancerB.stomach problemsC.heart diseaseD.genetic problems(4).The possible benefits of Cox-2 inhibitors_.（分数：2.00）A.could hardly outweigh their risksB.should be thoroughly studiedC.will show in curing stomachachesD.may well be found in a much wider area(5).The p

29、rimary purpose of the 2004 study about Vioxx was to_.（分数：2.00）A.confirm its power in cancer-preventionB.see if it protects against cancer for sureC.reveal its potential risks in causing heart attackD.interrupt the research focusing on its drawbacks(6).When Cox-2 inhibitors were banned from sale, _.（

30、分数：2.00）A.no research had been done about their effectsB.some studies demonstrated their usefulnessC.their risks were not well known to the publicD.some patients complained about the decisionOxford and Cambridge University Boat Clubs have both taken the opportunity to travel to Spain this month to t

31、rain in less testing weather conditions than those which have, quite literally, already blown around the UK in January of 2007. Each group of athletes has been focused on training to the maximum, working on technique and molding themselves into two potential fighting units per Club for the 2007 Boat

32、 Race, sponsored by Xchanging. One set will be in the Blue Boat for each club and one set will race as reserves in Isis, for Oxford, and Goldie, for Cambridge. In these modern times, the Head Coach for each club has a huge input on selection even though the crew is still named by the President. Just

33、 twenty years ago the balance was not quite the same. The year 1987 will always be remembered in the history of this great Race as the year of the “mutiny“ at Oxford. It is a tale which has since been retold and reworked in both a book and a movie. This was the season for which mature Scottish stude

34、nt, Donald MacDonald, was elected President, having all ready won a Blue in 1986. MacDonald re-appointed Daniel Topolski(now a renowned rowing journalist and broadcaster)as Chief Coach. Part of the 1986/1987 squad at Oxford included American Chris Clark, now a coach at an American University, and fo

35、ur fellow US internationals. Allegedly, a split appeared in the squad between the American quintet, all experienced and leading oarsmen, and those rowers closest to MacDonald. The Scots group were happy to follow Topolskis regime whilst the others were not so sure. Following a contentious seat racin

36、g trial in January of 1987, Topolski decided to move Clark to the bow-side of the beat. Clark disagreed. Topolski held firm. As a result Clark and his “group“ within the squad decided not to row and sought a takeover. The squabble was played out extensively in the UK national media and caught the pu

37、blic imagination. MacDonald sought support from the college captains and eventually won a vote of confidence by 28 votes to 11. Without the Americans, the Oxford crew was immediately considered a lost cause. Cambridge were overwhelming favorites to win. As it turned out, though, this was a Race whic

38、h would prove why sport, and particularly The Boat Race, can be so fascinating.（分数：12.00）(1).It can be inferred that “Isis“ and “Goldie“ are the names of two_.（分数：2.00）A.placesB.teamsC.racesD.clubs(2).According to the passage, in crew-naming, the President_.（分数：2.00）A.has no influence in the Head Co

39、achs opinionB.gives little care to the idea of the Head CoachC.used to be the only one to make decisionsD.had greater say 20 years ago than today(3).The boldfaced word “quintet“ in Paragraph 7 refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.three peopleB.four peopleC.five peopleD.six people(4).The split seemed to be caused b

40、y the disagreement between_.（分数：2.00）A.Topolski and ClarkB.MacDonald and ClarkC.MacDonald and TopolskiD.the Scottish students and the American oarsmen(5).MacDonald had to seek support from the college captains because_.（分数：2.00）A.the public imagined he was not competent to command his crewB.the Chie

41、f Coach Topolski lost the experienced American oarsmenC.the Oxford crew was unlikely to win the Race without the AmericansD.the Americans would leave the squad unless they were to lead it(6).From the last paragraph we can draw the conclusion that_.（分数：2.00）A.Oxford won the Boat RaceB.Cambridge won t

42、he Boat RaceC.the Boat Race ended in a tieD.the Boat Race was cancelledIt was two years ago today that the hunting ban came into force, supposedly ending centuries of tradition. However, the law has been an unmitigated failurenot that either side is shouting about it. It was a nightmare vision that

43、struck fear and loathing into the hearts of millions. When the hunting ban became law, it was said, 16,000 people would lose their jobs, thousands of hounds would be put down, rotting carcasses would litter the countryside, hedgerows would disappear, riders would face on-the-spot fines, law-abiding

44、people from doctors to barristers would be dragged from their horses and carted off to prison, while dog owners would be prosecuted if their mutt caught a rabbit. These were just some of the claims as desperate countryside campaigners battled to save their sport in the lead-up to the hunting ban, wh

45、ich Labour rammed into law using the Parliament Act on November 18, 2004. For many, the fears were real. Others exaggerated as they fought an increasingly aggressive anti-hunting lobby which had rejected acres of independent evidence affirming that hunting is the most humane way of killing foxes. In

46、 the battle to “fight prejudice, fight the ban“, every emotive argument was deployed. For its part, the anti-hunting brigade extravagantly claimed that the ban would put an end to the rich parading in red jackets. A senior Labour MP, Peter Bradley, admitted in this newspaper that it was, as many sus

47、pected, about “class war“. He lost his seat shortly afterwards. But people in red coats did not disappear. In fact, none of the forecasts came true. What did happen was something nobody had predicted: the spectacular revival and growth of hunting with hounds. In short, the hunting ban has been a fai

48、lure. Today, on the second anniversary of the bans coming into force on February 18, 2005, new figures show that participation in the sport has never been higher. It is so cheerful that two new packs have been formed, something that has not happened for centuries. They include the seductively named

49、Private Pack, set up by the financier Roddy Fleming in Gloucestershire. It operates on an invitation-only basis, a sort of hunting private members club. This can only mean one thing: like it or not, hunting is cool. Young people are taking it up, enticed by the element of rebellion and the mystique of what actually happens as hunts attempt to keep wi