【考研类试卷】考博英语-试卷280及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-试卷 280及答案解析(总分：126.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.As a_actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.（分数：2.00）A.flexibleB.versatileC.sophisticatedD.productive2.Mr. Smith became very_ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.（分数：

2、2.00）A.ingeniousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant3.Chinese often shake my hand and dont let go. They talk away contentedly, _of my discomfort and struggle to disengage my hand.（分数：2.00）A.obliviousB.patentC.obviousD.pernicious4.The word “foolish“ is too mild to describe your behavior. I would prefer

3、the word_.（分数：2.00）A.ideologicalB.idyllicC.idioticD.idiomatic5.Because of its excellence in quality, for the last two years, Audi car has_ Germanys Touring Car Championship.（分数：2.00）A.conqueredB.contestedC.dominatedD.determined6.What we consider a luxury at one time frequently becomes a_; many famil

4、ies find that ownership of two cars is indispensable.（分数：2.00）A.fashionB.necessityC.proclivityD.nuisance7.The chief editor thought he took some liberties with the original in translation. So it was necessary that he make the_suggested.（分数：2.00）A.alterationsB.alternativesC.alternationsD.altercations8

5、.Many well-educated people dont believe that_will endanger freedom of speech.（分数：2.00）A.censershipB.censureshipC.sensorshipD.censorship9.The_of “snake“ is simply this: a legless reptile with a long, thin body.（分数：2.00）A.connotationB.denominationC.donationD.denotation10.When the opposing player foule

6、d, John let his anger_his good sense and hit the boy back.（分数：2.00）A.got the feel ofB.got the hang ofC.got the better ofD.got the worst of11.Although this book claims to be a biography of George Washington, many of the incidents are imaginary .（分数：2.00）A.fascinatingB.factitiousC.fastidiousD.fictitio

7、us12.The trade fair is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chinese auto industries and overseas auto industries.（分数：2.00）A.promoteB.protectC.preserveD.prolong13.He was concerned only with mundane matters, especially the daily stock market quotations.（分数：2.00）A.rationalB.obscureC.world

8、lyD.eminent14.The earthquake that occurred in India this year was a major calamity in which a great man was lost.（分数：2.00）A.casualtyB.catastropheC.catalogueD.crusade15.The doctors were worried because the patient did not recuperate as rapidly as they had expected.（分数：2.00）A.withdrawB.emergeC.recover

9、D.uncover16.The purchaser of this lorry is protected by the manufacturers warranty that he will replace any defective part for five years or 50,000 miles.（分数：2.00）A.prohibitionB.insuranceC.prophecyD.guarantee17.The boy could not reconcile himself to the failure. He did not believe that was his lot.（

10、分数：2.00）A.submitB.commitC.transmitD.permit18.In some cities of North China, the noise pollution is as pronounced as that in Tokyo.（分数：2.00）A.contemptuousB.contagiousC.conspicuousD.contemplated19.Trivial breaches of regulations we can pass over , but more serious ones will have to be investigated.（分数

11、：2.00）A.exceedB.witherC.overpassD.neglect20.We were discussing the housing problem when a middle-aged man cut in and said, “Theres no point in talking about impossibilities. “（分数：2.00）A.intersectB.interjectC.penetrateD.adulterate二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Recent research from animal behaviorists suggest

12、s that “as the crow flies“ should no longer be taken to mean “the shortest distance between two points. “ Zoologists at Oxford University,【C1】_conducted an eighteen-month【C2】_of homing pigeons, have concluded that under some circumstances, pigeons follow【C3】_visual landmarks to find their way home【C

13、4】_than taking the shortest, most direct route.【C5】_for their ability to navigate long distances, homing pigeons use the【C6】_of the sun and stars, their inbuilt compasses, and perhaps also their sense of smell to direct their flight over long【C7】_or on a journey for the first time.【C8】_, different f

14、actors appear to affect a pigeons navigation【C9】_it is released close to its【C10】_. Animal behaviorists reached this【C11】_after attaching small global positioning devices to the backs of pigeons and releasing them a few miles from their home. These devices enabled the scientists to【C12】_the precise

15、location of each pigeon every second of【C13】_flight. Each pigeon was tracked for approximately twenty flights from the【C14】_point. For the first several flights, each birds path【C15】_significantly from the paths it had taken【C16】_Subsequently, 【C17】_, the bird would tend to follow the same path, 【C1

16、8】_after flight, even though that path was not always the most direct route home. The scientists concluded that pigeons use a【C19】_of familiar visual landmarks to find their way when they are near their home rather than relying primarily on compass navigation. Major highways are one【C20】_landmark. A

17、lmost comically, some of the pigeons followed the path of a major highway they could see below them, turning where the road turned, and even following the circular path of the exit ramps.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.thenC.whoD.had(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.checkB.flightC.periodD.study(3).【C3】（分数：2.00

18、）A.fullB.familiarC.magneticD.no(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.longerB.otherC.fewerD.rather(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.CertainB.RegardlessC.KnownD.Concerning(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.compositionB.influenceC.positionD.dimensions(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.distractionsB.distancesC.momentsD.delays(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.SimplyB.HoweverC.Otherwi

19、seD.Consequently(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.untilC.stillD.since(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.flightB.wingsC.homeD.young(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.decisionB.ideaC.conclusionD.summary(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.approveB.matchC.manipulateD.record(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.itsB.groupC.perD.one(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.sameB.actualC.distan

20、tD.home(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.reducedB.variedC.followedD.improved(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.offB.firstC.earlierD.over(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.neverthelessB.moreoverC.althoughD.though(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.flightB.rightC.thenD.soon(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.unitB.sumC.linkD.chain(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.exampleB.suchC.simil

21、arD.type三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)The next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when they were below. He was a Serer tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and back, was

22、 creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta, felt badly for having wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darkness for moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Serers dark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even as they

23、stood looking at each otherthis time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in his ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managed to stagger back up among the other men from their shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with bucked of seawater.

24、A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds, and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing that had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump and dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from their new

25、beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily up and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing “Toubob fa!“ And when he had finally been chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart throbbed with

26、 a lust to murder toubob. Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into the stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelves where the chained men lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred, following the bobbin

27、g orange lights, listening to the toubob cursing and sometimes slipping and tailing into the slickness underfootso plentiful now, because of the increasing looseness of the mens bowels, that the filth had begun to drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisle way. The last time they were on

28、deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing that the mans leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tend him, b

29、ut that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot pieces of metal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds of acrid steam left the hold smelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelmed by the

30、choking stink. It was a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin. The steady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gone kept growing in volume and intensity as the men began to communicate better and better with one another. Words not understood were whispered

31、 from mouth to ear along the shelves until someone who knew more than one tongue would send back their meanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf learned new words in tongues they had not spoken before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, in the double excitement of comm

32、unicating with each other and the fact that it was being done without the toubobs knowledge. Muttering among themselves for hours, the men developed a deepening sense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though they were of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not from different

33、 peoples or places.（分数：10.00）(1).The living conditions for the Blacks in the salve ship were_.（分数：2.00）A.adequate but primitiveB.inhumane and inadequateC.humane but crowdedD.similar to the crews quarters(2).The prisoners had difficulty communicating with each other because_.（分数：2.00）A.they were too

34、sick to talkB.they distrusted one anotherC.no one felt like talkingD.they spoke different languages(3).Which of the following words is closest in meaning to balefully as used in “Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred. “（分数：2.00）A.Indulgently.B.Vacantly.C.Forlornly.D.Menacin

35、gly.(4).By constantly referring to such things as filth and choking stink, the author seeks to create a tone that arouses a feeling of_.（分数：2.00）A.disgust with the dirtB.horror at the injusticeC.revolting at the foul odorD.relief that this happened long ago(5).Despite their intense pain and sufferin

36、g, the Black men found a small measure of comfort in_.（分数：2.00）A.their exercise periods on deckB.the breathtaking ocean sceneryC.their conversations with the Black womenD.their conversations with one anotherLarge, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. B

37、ut to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economys vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to

38、 generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1. 2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own. Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unpre

39、pared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to s

40、upport themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two y

41、ears, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after

42、start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs. Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is

43、obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firms health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitabilit

44、y. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that mean the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do

45、they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save. Frequent checks of your firms vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new markets, add products or perha

46、ps franchise your hot idea.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, a country is probably decided by_.（分数：2.00）A.the prosperity and decline of the transnational corporationsB.the rise and fall of the markets and products as well as capitalC.the fate of the small businesses such as small plants and re

47、staurantsD.the economic increase and decrease of the large companies(2).In order to succeed in a business, the entrepreneur should_.（分数：2.00）A.get very well prepared for his new businessB.choose a business hes already familiar withC.examine the companys crucial signs now and thenD.invest as much as

48、possible into his enterprise(3).Which of the following statements about small business is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.It helps effectively to fight unemployment.B.The earlier it starts, the sooner it collapses.C.Theres a good omen for small business according to a survey.D.Some small business owners are bli

49、nd to early premonition of failure.(4).What does the last sentence in the 3rd paragraph mean according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The patient is seriously ill because of lack of water in the well.B.The patient can be saved if he has enough money to solve the financial problem.C.Its too late for small business owners to realize the gravity of the problem because they have used up their money.D.It