【考研类试卷】考博英语-试卷283及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语-试卷 283 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.The music aroused an_feeling of homesickness in him.（分数：2.00）A.intentionalB.intermittentC.intenseD.intrinsic2.The medicine_his pain but did not cure his illness.（分数：2.00）A.activatedB.alleviatedC.mediatedD.deteriorated3.I

2、n no_should you do this without help and advice from your doctorrestricting the diet of small children can be very dangerous.（分数：2.00）A.perspectivesB.restrictionsC.circumstancesD.consequences4.The idea was just beginning to_in America and we knew that it was going to become the way that retailing co

3、mpanies were run.（分数：2.00）A.show upB.catch onC.open outD.get by5.Without Bobs testimony, evidence of bribery is lacking and_in the case will be impossible.（分数：2.00）A.verdictB.sentenceC.convictionD.acquittal6.Pupils often want to sit next to their particular friend and many classroom activities invol

4、ve moving about, but even relatively small alterations can make_to the visual comfort of pupils with sight defects.（分数：2.00）A.a differenceB.an interferenceC.a modificationD.an impact7.Most of them had visited the invalid often during the past few months, marveling at his_spirit and his unfailing goo

5、d temper.（分数：2.00）A.variantB.gallantC.pertinentD.solitary8.Individuals may at various points in their lives experience discrimination in the allocation of resources either_of being too old or too young.（分数：2.00）A.at the riskB.to the pointC.in the caseD.on the ground9.When a system is unjust to the_,

6、 abolition, not reform, is what respect for justice demands.（分数：2.00）A.endB.excessC.coreD.bottom10.The custom is_in the belief that a new pregnancythrough its detrimental effect on breastfeedingwould endanger the mothers health.（分数：2.00）A.celebratedB.observedC.viewedD.presented11.But, in our enthusi

7、asm to discover our heritage, we are mining the very scenery we go to enjoy, damaging natural habitats, _ down footpaths, disturbing wildlife, polluting the air and dropping litter.（分数：2.00）A.wearingB.treadingC.fallingD.cutting12.Any person who is in_while awaiting trial is considered innocent until

8、 he has been declared guilty.（分数：2.00）A.jeopardyB.custodyC.suspicionD.probation13.Now, dont tell anyone else what Ive just told you. Remember, its_.（分数：2.00）A.controversialB.secretiveC.confidentialD.sacred14.The Freedom of Information Act gives private citizen_government files.（分数：2.00）A.release fro

9、mB.excess ofC.redress ofD.access to15.The oil price rise reactivated the boom in commodity prices and_inflation, which reached an annual rate of 15 percent in the spring of 1974.（分数：2.00）A.boostedB.harnessedC.staggeredD.embarked16.Did he really expect her to smile now and_with his plans, treat all t

10、his deception as no more than an unusual diversion?（分数：2.00）A.fall inB.put offC.agree toD.stand up17.The Commission found instances where police officers had lied under oath, _evidence, neglected black prisoners and wrongly imprisoned Aborigines.（分数：2.00）A.entailedB.fabricatedC.cleansedD.precluded18

11、.She_the words, not knowing what to say, how to put into plain speech her decision to finish their love.（分数：2.00）A.passed ontoB.stumbled overC.burst outD.dropped down19.The ink has faded with time and so parts of the letter were_.（分数：2.00）A.illegibleB.indelibleC.illegitimateD.inscrutable20.The bisho

12、p preached a farewell sermon to a_that filled the church to overflowing.（分数：2.00）A.processionB.reunionC.rallyD.congregation二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Assuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mo

13、bility, what long-term results can one expect? In high-income regions, 【C1】_North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic【C2】_supplied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, we【C3】_the strongest increase to be in the shar

14、es first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, these【C4】_in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of low-speed mil transport will probably continue its strongly【C5】_decline. We expect that throughout the period 19902050, the【C6】_North American will

15、 continue to devote most of his or her 1. 1-hour travel-time【C7】_to automobile travel. The very large demand【C8】_air travel(or high-speed mil travel)that will be manifest in 2050【C9】_to only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most tr

16、avel【C10】_in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist【C11】_the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades.【C12】_important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and【C13】_low-speed trains will surely go on serving vital functions.【C14】_of

17、the super-rich already commute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the【C15】_.（分数：30.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.franklyB.exceptionallyC.unfortunatelyD.notably(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.volumeB.bodyC.measureD.funds(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.admireB.assureC.assertD.a

18、nticipate(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.outcomesB.trendsC.declinesD.impacts(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.inherentB.evidentC.large-scaleD.hidden(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.generalB.commonC.localD.average(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.profitB.costC.budgetD.facility(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.inB.ofC.atD.for(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.works outB.leaves outC.runs

19、outD.puts out(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.timeB.desireC.agencyD.means(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.toB.asC.withD.over(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.Despite the factB.Whatever it isC.No matter howD.Whether or not(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.plusB.includingC.evenD.as well as(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.FewB.AllC.NoneD.Some(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.

20、mountainB.groundC.skyD.land三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：60.00)Can animals have a sense of humor? Sally Blanchard, publisher of a newsletter called the Pet Bird Report, thinks a pet parrot may have pulled her leg. Thats one explanation for the time her African gray parrot, named Bongo Marie, seeme

21、d to feign distress at the possible death of an Amazon parrot named Paco. It happened one day when Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner. As Blanchard lifted her knife, the African gray threw back its head and said, “Oh, no! Paco!“ Trying not to laugh, Blanchard said, “Thats not Paco,“ an

22、d showed Bongo Marie that the Amazon was alive and well. Mimicking a disappointed tone, Bongo Marie said, “Oh, no,“ and launched into a hoarse laugh. Was the parrot joking when it seemed to believe the other bird was a goner? Did Bongo Marie comprehend Blanchards response? Studies of African grays h

23、ave shown that they can understand the meaning of wordsfor example, that red refers to a color, not just a particular red object. Parrots also enjoy getting a reaction out of humans, and so, whether or not Bongo Maries crocodile tears were intentional, the episode was thoroughly satisfying from the

24、parrots point of view.（分数：6.00）(1).When Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner, Bongo Marie acted as if Paco was_.（分数：2.00）A.gone and couldnt eat the mealB.dead and being cut for the mealC.deadly ill and discarded by the hostessD.away and should be back to join them(2).Why did Sally Blanch

25、ard believe Bongo Marie made a joke that day?（分数：2.00）A.It showed sadness and deceived her.B.It shed crocodile tears intentionally.C.It pretended to understand her words.D.It burst into laughter after a distressed tone.(3).In the last sentence, the clause “the episode was.point of view“ suggests tha

26、t Bongo Marie was_.（分数：2.00）A.quite content with its own performanceB.believed to have a sense of humorC.trying to win its hosts favorD.successful in getting a human responseDont call him just a college professor. Internet entrepreneur, TV personality, advisor to presidents, and friend to the rich a

27、nd powerful would be more accurate. Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. is better known for his activities outside the academy. This week he sold Africana. com, a website he created with a fellow Harvard University professor, to Time Warner. Terms of the deal werent revealed, though the Wall Street Journal

28、 pegged the price at more than $ 10 million, with Gates reaping up to $ 1 million. Time Warner will incorporate the site, a portal with news and information about people of African descent, into America Online when the two merge as expected. The sense is that Gates got a very good deal. The site is

29、a rich source of scholarship but hardly a rich source of revenue. As recently as the late 1980s Gates, who turns 50 this week, was an obscure professor, penning books on literary theory only a graduate student could love. Now he cant be avoided: He hosted a series about Africa on public television,

30、writes occasional articles for the New Yorker, and even advises the Gore presidential campaign. He counts director Steven Spielberg, Microsofts Bill Gates and President Clinton as friends. “Theyre not intimate friends,“ he insists. Indeed, Gates has evolved into a kind of expert on everything Africa

31、n-American. “He remains the go-to person on the state of African-American affairs,“ said Perry Steinberg, head of American Program Bureau, a lecture agency. The 30 or so speeches Gates delivers each year are another source of income for the professor. With fame comes controversy. Several other black

32、 intellectuals have taken him to task for not being confrontational enough. Gates has heard it before. “Me? Critics? Oh, what a shock. “ But he considers himself more a descendent of historian and educator W. E. B. Du Bois than of Malcolm X. His ultimate goal is to build the field of Afro-American s

33、tudies. “Fifty years from now I want there to be at least 10 great centers of Afro-American studies,“ he says. If working as a consultant on Spielbergs historical film Amistad or giving Al Gore advice helps, so be it.（分数：12.00）(1).What can we learn about Africana. com?（分数：2.00）A.It may be financiall

34、y mediocre to Time Warner.B.It is maintained by Gates for Time Warner.C.It becomes a sister website of America Online.D.It is meant for the U. S. general public.(2).What is true about Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. ?（分数：2.00）A.He is barely qualified to teach in Harvard.B.He is an American of African d

35、escent.C.History and education are his minors.D.President Gore is among his friends.(3).In Paragraph 5, the phrase “have taken him to task for.“ most probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.have blamed him for a certain faultB.have made him pay for his mistakeC.have had him do an assignmentD.have trusted him wit

36、h a certain job(4).From Gatess mention of W. E.B.Du Bois and Malcolm X we can infer that_.（分数：2.00）A.Gates is reluctant to take the latter as his ancestorB.Gates regards the former as more successful than the latterC.Gates remains a follower of the former instead of the latterD.Gates claims to have

37、a similar career to that of the former(5).According to Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. himself, giving advice to Al Gore is_.（分数：2.00）A.out of some academic concernB.for some financial purposesC.in the interest of Afro-AmericansD.of some political consequence(6).In this passage the author expresses a t

38、one of_.（分数：2.00）A.admirationB.sarcasmC.objectivityD.disapprovalForget football. At many high schools, the fiercest competition is between Coke and Pepsi over exclusive “pouring rights“ to sell on campus. But last week Jeffrey Dunn, president of Coca-Cola Americas, called a timeout: Cokes machines w

39、ill now also stock water, juice, and other healthful optionseven rival brands and their facades will feature school scenes and other “noncommercial graphics“ instead of Cokes vivid red logo. “The pendulum needs to swing back“ on school-based marketing, said Dunn. Cokes about-faceparticularly the cal

40、l to end the exclusive deals that bottlers make with school districtscomes amid rising concern over kids health. American children are growing ever more obese and developing weight-related diseases usually found in adults. While inactivity and huge helpings factor heavily, a recent study in the Lanc

41、et fingered soda pop as a likely culprit. Communitiesand legislatorsare already on the case. Last year, for instance, parents in Philadelphia detailed a proposed contract with Coca-Cola that would have netted the school system $ 43 million over 10 years. And in a searing report to congress last mont

42、h, the U. S. Department of Agriculture recommended that all snacks sold in schools meet federal nutrition standards(the requirements are loose enough that Snickers bars qualify). Spare change? Activists hope Cokes capitulation will help curb commercialism in schools altogether. From ads on Channel O

43、ne, which broadcasts current-affairs programs on classroom TV, to middle-school math texts that cite Nike and other brand-name products in their word problems, to company-sponsored scoreboards on football fields, American pupils are bombarded. But Andrew Hagelshaw, executive director of the Oakland,

44、 Calif. -based Center for Commercial-Free Public Education, views Coca-Colas policy shift as a “partial victory“. Schools sign contracts with local bottlers; the parent company can only urge them to back off. Moreover, Cokes machines will remain in place, although with healthier options. And dont ex

45、pect teenagers to suddenly swear off the stuffor school districts to give up the revenue. At Wheeler High School in Marietta, Ga., where students arrive before 7 a. m. and stay as late as 11 oclock at night, they rely on the machines. And the $ 50,000 in annual vending revenues have enabled Principa

46、l Joe Boland to refinish the gym floor, install a new high-jump pit, and pay $ 7,000 for two buses. “If someone made an offer to me to take the machines out, Id consider it,“ says Boland. “But nobodys offering me any money. “（分数：12.00）(1).“Forget football“ in Paragraph 1 suggests that football has b

47、een_.（分数：2.00）A.the fiercest competition at high schoolsB.thought to have ill impact on studentsC.competing with commercials on campusD.brought into disrepute by Coke and Pepsi(2).Last week Jeffrey Dunn, president of Coca-Cola Americas, made an important decision to_.（分数：2.00）A.defend its red logo o

48、n a still larger scaleB.agree to negotiate with Pepsi over new termsC.modify its sales engineering at high schoolsD.give up its exclusive “pouring rights“ on campus(3).Coca-Cola is to take new action most probably because_.（分数：2.00）A.it will sacrifice itself for childrens healthB.it will not get inv

49、olved in some law suitsC.it is unable to beat so many opponentsD.it is reluctant to fall behind Pepsi company(4).Supporters of Coca-Cola would say that its new practice will_.（分数：2.00）A.set a moral example for other commercialism on campusB.stop any commercialism in school in the near futureC.help the business prevail over others i