【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编12及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 12 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The detectives kept a _ watch of the suspects house.（分数：2.00）A.keenB.completeC.thoroughD.close2.The police searched all the houses but found no_.（分数：2.00）A.connectionsB.cluesC.relationshipsD.ties3.Many skiers _ ar

2、ound the fire and drink hot chocolate in the evenings.(2003 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.padB.packC.squeezeD.cluster4.A substance such as sand may be either fine or _.（分数：2.00）A.coarseB.courseC.largeD.tough5.To obtain a satisfactory result, you must apply two _ of paint on a clean surface.（分数：2.00）A.leve

3、lsB.coatsC.timesD.courses6.He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk _around one topic.(2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coherentlyB.initiativelyC.flexiblyD.pointedly7.The author skillfully fuses these fragments into a_whole.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.congestive

4、B.corporateC.collaborativeD.cohesive8.This was a term he_and brought into popular usage.（分数：2.00）A.madeB.concoctedC.coinedD.fabricated9.It is fortunate for the old couple that their sons career goals and their wishes for him_.(2006 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coincideB.complyC.conformD.collaborate10.It is

5、unfortunate that the members of the committee do not_ in opinion. (2008 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coincideB.conformC.complyD.collaborate11.It is no_that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coincidenceB.inspirationC.correspondenceD.intuition12.Mary once _wit

6、h another musician to compose a piece of music.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted13.Two trucks were reported to have _head-on yesterday.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.bumpedB.crashedC.collidedD.struck14.People with radical ideas may find themselves in_with the forc

7、es of the law.（分数：2.00）A.collisionB.contrastC.oppositionD.comparison15.The page of a newspaper is divided into_.（分数：2.00）A.linesB.headlinesC.volumesD.columns16.We must recognize difficulties, analyse them and_them.（分数：2.00）A.prevailB.winC.combatD.contend17.The actor liked working on_ because he love

8、d to make people laugh.（分数：2.00）A.comedyB.remedyC.melodyD.tragedy18.By working hard he acquired an extraordinary_ of the English language.（分数：2.00）A.proficiencyB.efficiencyC.effectivenessD.command19.The Space Age_ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.(

9、2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.initiatedB.embarkedC.originatedD.commenced20.The Prime Minister refused to _ on the rumour that he had planned to resign.（分数：2.00）A.commentB.explainC.tellD.talk21.A violent crime was_ every 32 seconds in this city last year.（分数：2.00）A.conductedB.performedC.committedD.execut

10、ed22.By signing the lease you made a(n) _ to pay $ 300 a month rent.（分数：2.00）A.commissionB.commitmentC.offerD.obligation23.In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are _ today. (2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.transientB.commonpla

11、ceC.implicitD.elementary24.Language can be defined as a tool by which human beings_with one another.（分数：2.00）A.associateB.communicateC.exchangeD.correspond25.The kitchen was small and_ so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.(2003 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.completeB.complexC

12、.compositeD.compact考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 12 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The detectives kept a _ watch of the suspects house.（分数：2.00）A.keenB.completeC.thoroughD.close 解析：解析：close a.严密的，密切的。keen a热心的，渴望的(on)；敏锐的，敏捷的(of)。complete a.完全的，完整的。thorough a.彻底的，完全的。2.The poli

13、ce searched all the houses but found no_.（分数：2.00）A.connectionsB.clues C.relationshipsD.ties解析：解析：clue(to)n.线索，提示。3.Many skiers _ around the fire and drink hot chocolate in the evenings.(2003 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.padB.packC.squeezeD.cluster 解析：解析：本题空格处是说“许多滑雪者成群地围在火堆边”。D 项“cluster 丛生，成群”符合题意如：The

14、 boys and girls clustered together round the camp fire telling stories and singing songs(孩子们成群地围着营火堆讲着故事唱着歌。)其他三项“pad 加上垫衬；pack 包装：squeeze 压榨”都不正确。4.A substance such as sand may be either fine or _.（分数：2.00）A.coarse B.courseC.largeD.tough解析：解析：coarse a粗的，粗糙的；粗劣的；粗俗的。5.To obtain a satisfactory result

15、, you must apply two _ of paint on a clean surface.（分数：2.00）A.levelsB.coats C.timesD.courses解析：解析：coat n(油漆、涂料的)涂层。level n水平，等级：水平面，水平线。time n.次数。course n过程，进程，航程；(道)菜。6.He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk _around one topic.(2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.cohe

16、rently B.initiativelyC.flexiblyD.pointedly解析：解析：本题意为“他意识到自己失去了听众，因为他未能把一个问题讲清楚”。coherently 的意思是“连贯地，表达清楚地”。initiatively 的意思是“初步地”；flexibly 的意思是“灵活地”；pointedly 的意思是“尖锐地，中肯地”。四个选项中只有 A 项符合题意。7.The author skillfully fuses these fragments into a_whole.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.congestiveB.corpora

17、teC.collaborativeD.cohesive 解析：解析：A 项“congestive”意为“充血的，引起拥堵的”：B 项“corporate”意为“(结成)社团的，合伙的”；C 项“collaborative”意为“合作的，协作的，协力完成的”；D 项“cohesive”意为“团结的，有聚合性的”，本句是说作者将这些片段结合成整体，因此选择 D 项。8.This was a term he_and brought into popular usage.（分数：2.00）A.madeB.concoctedC.coined D.fabricated解析：解析：coin vt(本义)铸造

18、(钱币)；(引申)创造(新词语)(如：He coined the wordWho coined the phrase“Life is not a bowl of cherries”?)。make vt做，造。concoct vt编造(借口、谎话、小说情节等)；策划。fabricate vt捏造，编造(谎育、借口等)；建造，制造。9.It is fortunate for the old couple that their sons career goals and their wishes for him_.(2006 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coincide B.compl

19、yC.conformD.collaborate解析：解析：此题为动词辨析题。句子的意思是令这两位老人感到幸运的是儿子在事业上树立的目标与他们的期盼相一致。A 项 coincide 意为“一致，巧合”，既可用于 A coincide with B，也可用于 A and B coincide，如：My opinion doesnt coincide with yoursB 项 comply 意为“遵守，照做，顺从”；C 项 conform 意为“使一致，使适合”，既可与介词 with 搭配，也可与介词 to 搭配，如：conform to rules 遵守规则；conform to(with)th

20、e interests of the people 符合人民利益：D 项collaborate 意为“与合作，与协作”。10.It is unfortunate that the members of the committee do not_ in opinion. (2008 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coincide B.conformC.complyD.collaborate解析：解析：coincide 符合，与一致；conform 遵守，使一致；comply 顺从，答应；collaborate 合作，协作。根据题意，应是意见不统一，即 do not coincide

21、in opinion，故正确答案为 A。11.It is no_that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.coincidence B.inspirationC.correspondenceD.intuition解析：解析：本题意为“抢劫发生时，有人看见他的车停在银行附近，这绝非巧合”。A 项的“coincidence 巧合，同时发生或存在的偶然的事”符合题意，如：What a coincidence that I was in Paris at the sam

22、e time as you!(我在巴黎时你也正在那里，多巧啊!)其他三项“inspiration 鼓舞，激励；correspondence 通信；intuition 直觉”都不正确。12.Mary once _with another musician to compose a piece of music.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.mergedB.collaborated C.coincidedD.constituted解析：解析：本题是说 Mary 曾经与另一位音乐家合作谱写了一支流行乐曲。B 项“collaborated 合作，通敌”符合题意，如：coll

23、aborate on a book with sb(与某人合著一本书。)其他三项“merged 合并，并入，结合；coincided 一致，符合；constituted 制定(法律)，建立(政府)，组成，任命”都不正确。13.Two trucks were reported to have _head-on yesterday.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.bumpedB.crashedC.collided D.struck解析：解析：本题意为“据报道，昨天两辆卡车迎头相撞”。C 项的“collide 车船相撞”符合题意，其他三项“bump 碰撞，撞见：crash(飞机

24、)坠毁，撞坏；strike 撞，后接 against”都不正确。14.People with radical ideas may find themselves in_with the forces of the law.（分数：2.00）A.collision B.contrastC.oppositionD.comparison解析：解析：collision(with)n碰撞；冲突(如：A collision with Parliament could ruin the governments plansTwo ears were broken to pieces in the collis

25、ionA liver is reported to have been in collision with an oil-tanker)。contrast n对比，对照(in contrast towith和形成对比，与相反)。opposition n反对，反抗：反对党(in opposition to 反对；与持相反意见)。comparison n.比较，对比；比拟(in comparison with 与比起来)。15.The page of a newspaper is divided into_.（分数：2.00）A.linesB.headlinesC.volumesD.columns

26、 解析：解析：column n柱，圆柱；(文章的)栏，专栏。line n行。headline n大字标题；(pl)新闻提要。volume n体积，容积，容量；音量。16.We must recognize difficulties, analyse them and_them.（分数：2.00）A.prevailB.winC.combat D.contend解析：解析：combat vt.与战斗，与斗争。17.The actor liked working on_ because he loved to make people laugh.（分数：2.00）A.comedy B.remedyC

27、.melodyD.tragedy解析：解析：comedy n喜剧；喜剧性事件(如：Shakespeare wrote comedies，histories and tragediesThe seriousness of the situation left no room for comedy)。remedy n补救办法；治疗措施。melody n旋律，曲调。tragedy n悲剧；惨事，灾祸。18.By working hard he acquired an extraordinary_ of the English language.（分数：2.00）A.proficiencyB.effi

28、ciencyC.effectivenessD.command 解析：解析：command n.掌握，运用能力；命令，指挥(如：He hasagood command of spoken FrenchWho issued the command to fire?takeassumebe in command of；He has a hundred men under his command在他的指挥下。Im at your command听候你的差遣。It was done by the Queens command根据女王的命令。)proficiency n熟练程度，掌握程度，精通。effic

29、iency n效率；功效。effectiveness n.效力，有效。19.The Space Age_ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.(2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.initiatedB.embarkedC.originatedD.commenced 解析：解析：在给出的选项中：initiate“开始，发起，创始，倡议”；embark“开始从事”，后接on；originate 可作及物动词和不及物动词，作不及物动词，“发源，来自，产

30、生”，作及物动词，“引起，创始，发明”；commence“开始”，作及物或不及物动词均可。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 D。20.The Prime Minister refused to _ on the rumour that he had planned to resign.（分数：2.00）A.comment B.explainC.tellD.talk解析：解析：comment(on)vi对发表评论。explain vt.解释。说明(句型：explain sthto sb；explain to sbthat)。tell vt告诉；吩咐，命令；辨别(from)。talk v.

31、讲话，交谈：谈论。21.A violent crime was_ every 32 seconds in this city last year.（分数：2.00）A.conductedB.performedC.committed D.executed解析：解析：commit vt犯(罪)，干(坏事)(注：commit 常与下面名词连用：commit acrime/murder/an errora discourtesya breach of rulessuicide)。conduct vt指挥，引导；传导；处理，管理。perform vt.做，履行；演出，表演。execute vt实施，执行

32、；处死，处决。22.By signing the lease you made a(n) _ to pay $ 300 a month rent.（分数：2.00）A.commissionB.commitment C.offerD.obligation解析：解析：commitment(to)n.保证：承担的义务(如：I must honour my commitments to himHe avoided making any commitments)。commission n授权，委托；佣金，回扣。offer n提议；提供(物)。obligation n.责任，义务。23.In the la

33、te 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are _ today. (2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.transientB.commonplace C.implicitD.elementary解析：解析：句意为：19 世纪晚期，科幻小说大师儒勒凡尔纳预见了许多科技奇迹，而今天这些奇迹大都已成为平常事。根据句意，只有 B 项 commonplace“普通的，平庸的”符合句意，故选 B 项。24.Langu

34、age can be defined as a tool by which human beings_with one another.（分数：2.00）A.associateB.communicate C.exchangeD.correspond解析：解析：communicate(with)vi通信，交流，交际，(思想上)沟通 vt.传达，传播。associate vi.(与)交往(with)vt.(在思想上)把联系在起，使结合在起(句型：associate A with B)。exchange vt交换，交流，凋换(句型：exchange A for B：exchange things w

35、ith sb)。correspond vi.(与)相符合，(与)相一致(with sth)；(与)通信(with sb)；(与)相当，相类似(to sth.)。25.The kitchen was small and_ so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.(2003 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.completeB.complexC.compositeD.compact 解析：解析：本题空格处是说厨房小但紧凑、齐全。D 项“compact 紧凑的，紧密的”符合题意。其他三项“complete 完全的，彻底的；composite 合成的，复合的；complex 联合的，复合的”都不正确。