【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编14及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 14 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.conciseB.preciseC.briskD.elaborate2.From his appearance we may s

2、afely _that he is a heavy smoker.（分数：2.00）A.conductB.concludeC.condenseD.expect3.I have come to the _ that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.（分数：2.00）A.pointB.understandingC.theoryD.conclusion4.The two men were found guilty of armed robbery, and _ to four years imprisonment.（分数：2.00）A.judged

3、B.condemnedC.convictedD.found5.The destruction of rainforests has been_as a disaster for the environment. (2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.blamedB.declaredC.condemnedD.appealed6.He_ his essay from 3,000 to 1,500 words.（分数：2.00）A.combinedB.condensedC.concentratedD.deleted7.The mayor was asked to_ his spe

4、ech in order to allow his audience to raise questions.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.constrainB.conductC.condenseD.converge8.Whether right or wrong, he has some new ideas about how the lesson should be_.（分数：2.00）A.conductedB.deductedC.concludedD.deduced9.He _ taking part in a plot to free the prison

5、er.（分数：2.00）A.confessedB.claimedC.confinedD.recognized10.Those persons whose religious _heavily relied on rituals, such as infant baptism, were more likely to support the Democrats. (2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confessionB.condemnationC.establishmentD.acknowledgement11.He said he had great_ in his

6、 secretary; she would do the right thing.（分数：2.00）A.confidenceB.knowledgeC.acquaintanceD.information12.I was most favorably struck by the assurance with which the boy answered all my questions.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insuranceB.confidenceC.reluctanceD.independence13.Now, dont tell anyone else

7、 what Ive just told you. Remember, its _.(2002 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.controversialB.secretiveC.confidentialD.sacred14.During an international crisis, many_ messages will generally emanate from the presidents office.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confidentialB.abstruseC.appallingD.compelling15.We tried t

8、o_ our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic.（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.confineC.restrainD.determine16.I dont know whether what she said is true, but Ill try to_ it.（分数：2.00）A.confineB.conformC.testifyD.confirm17.New data has_that the damage to the ozone layer is not confined to the southern hemi

9、sphere.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ratifiedB.confirmedC.assuredD.approved18.The teachers behavior and the students response _ what many people have said about language learning.(2004 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confineB.conformC.consentD.confirm19.The news you told me the other day has yet to be _.(2003 年

10、西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.affirmedB.informedC.conformedD.confirmed20.She suffered from a _ of feelings about her career.（分数：2.00）A.confrontationB.differenceC.painD.conflict21.He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to the _.(2010 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.p

11、rejudiceD.conflict22.If the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local _.(2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.collisionsB.combatsC.contradictionsD.conflicts23.On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to _ to the school rules.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）

12、A.concedeB.conformC.complyD.confront24.In many societies, the person who fails to _ to conventional behavior is likely to be avoided by others.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.concedeB.conformC.confineD.confer25.All individuals are required to _to the laws made by their governments. (2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：

13、2.00）A.obeyB.conformC.concedeD.observe考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 14 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.concise B.preciseC.briskD.e

14、laborate解析：解析：本题意为“新来的秘书写了一份相当简明的报告，只有几百个词，但所有的重要细节都包括进去了”。concise 的意思是“简洁的，简明的”；precise 的意思是“精确的，明确的”；brisk 的意思是“活泼的，活跃的”；elaborate 的意思是“精心制作的，复杂的”。四个选项中只有 A 项为正确答案。2.From his appearance we may safely _that he is a heavy smoker.（分数：2.00）A.conductB.conclude C.condenseD.expect解析：解析：conclude vt推断出，推论出

15、，断定；结束(如：conclude sthfrom the factsconclude from sththatWe concluded the meeting at 8 oclockThe meeting was concluded at 8)。conduct vt处理，管理；指挥，引导；传导。condense v. 压缩，(使)缩短；(使)凝聚。expect vt预料；期待，等待。3.I have come to the _ that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.（分数：2.00）A.pointB.understandingC.the

16、oryD.conclusion 解析：解析：conclusion n.结论，推论；结尾；缔结，议定(协议、条约等)come toarriveatreach the conclusion(that)得出结论；jump to a conclusion 匆忙得出结论；come toa conclusion 结束：at the conclusion of 在结束时；in conclusion(用在讲话或文章的结尾)最后：the conclusion of a peace treaty 缔结和平条约。come to the point 谈正题，谈主要问题。come toreach the underst

17、anding(that)达成的谅解是。theory n理论(没有 come to the theory 的说法)。4.The two men were found guilty of armed robbery, and _ to four years imprisonment.（分数：2.00）A.judgedB.condemned C.convictedD.found解析：解析：condemn vt定罪，判处，宣告有罪；谴责(如；The judge condemned the criminal to ten years in jail/to the gallows/to a year of

18、 hard labourto spend all his life in jail)。judge vt.审判，削决；作裁判(注：宾语多为 casecompetition 等，如：Who is going to judge the next casethe competition?)。convict vt(经审讯)证明有罪，宣判犯有罪(convict sbof a crime)。find vt判定，断定(只用于表示 find sbguilty 断定某人有罪；find that it was murder 判断这是一起谋杀)。5.The destruction of rainforests has

19、 been_as a disaster for the environment. (2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.blamedB.declaredC.condemned D.appealed解析：解析：本题中，C 项的“condemned 谴责，判刑”符合题意。如：condemn sbs behaviour(谴责某人的举动)。其他三项“blamed 责各；declared 宦布；appealed 控诉”都不正确。6.He_ his essay from 3,000 to 1,500 words.（分数：2.00）A.combinedB.condensed C.conc

20、entratedD.deleted解析：解析：condense vt压缩，缩短；使凝聚。7.The mayor was asked to_ his speech in order to allow his audience to raise questions.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.constrainB.conductC.condense D.converge解析：解析：condense 意为“精简，浓缩”。根据句意：“市长被要求缩短讲话，以便让听众提问。”故选 C。其他三项中，A 项 constrain 意为“限制”；B 项 conduct 意为“控制

21、，实施”；D 项 converge意为“聚集”，都不符合句意。8.Whether right or wrong, he has some new ideas about how the lesson should be_.（分数：2.00）A.conducted B.deductedC.concludedD.deduced解析：解析：conduct vt处理，管理，进行：指挥，引导：传导(热、电、声、光等)。deduct(from)vt减去，扣除。conclude vt推断出，推论出；结束。deduce vt推论，推断；演绎。9.He _ taking part in a plot to fr

22、ee the prisoner.（分数：2.00）A.confessed B.claimedC.confinedD.recognized解析：解析：confess vt坦白，供认；承认(confess ones errordoing sthwrongthatconfess to a weaknessto having done sth，confess oneselfto beguilty)。claim vt声称，主张(claim to bethatto have done sth)。confine(to)vt.限制，把局限于。recognize vt.认出，识别；(政治或外交上的)承认。10.

23、Those persons whose religious _heavily relied on rituals, such as infant baptism, were more likely to support the Democrats. (2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confession B.condemnationC.establishmentD.acknowledgement解析：解析：confession 意为“忏悔，承认”。根据句意：“那些极为依赖婴儿洗礼等宗教忏悔仪式的人更可能支持民主党。”故选 A。其他三项中，B 项 condemnati

24、on 意为“谴责，定罪”：C 项establishment 意为“建立”；D 项 acknowledgement意为“承认，确认”，都不符合句意。11.He said he had great_ in his secretary; she would do the right thing.（分数：2.00）A.confidence B.knowledgeC.acquaintanceD.information解析：解析：confidence n信仃，信心(havelack/put confidence in sb/sth；do/say sthwith confidence)。have(a)kno

25、wledge of 对懂，知道，了解。have(an)acquaintance with 认识，熟悉(make sbs acquaintancemake the acquaintance of sb结识，认识某人)。have information aboutas to 对了解，知道。12.I was most favorably struck by the assurance with which the boy answered all my questions.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insuranceB.confidence C.reluctanc

26、eD.independence解析：解析：本题中，assurance 的意思是“确信，断言，保证，担保”。四个选项中，confidence 的意思是“信心”，如：We have full confidence that we shall succeed(我们完全有把握取得成功。)insurance 的意思是“保险(业)”；reluctance 的意思是“勉强”；independence 的意思是“独立”。只有 B 项符合题意。13.Now, dont tell anyone else what Ive just told you. Remember, its _.(2002 年中国科学院考博试

27、题)（分数：2.00）A.controversialB.secretiveC.confidential D.sacred解析：解析：本题中，confidential 的意思是“机密的，秘密的”，常用作系表结构。如：confidential clerk(机要秘书)。其他三项“controversial 有争议的；secretive 隐瞒的，不可告人的；sacred 神圣的”都不正确。14.During an international crisis, many_ messages will generally emanate from the presidents office.(2002 年复

28、旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confidential B.abstruseC.appallingD.compelling解析：解析：本题是说在国际危机期间，许多机密信息通常来自于总统办公室。A 项的“confidential 机密的”符合题意。其他三项“abstruse 深奥的；appalling 骇人听闻的； compelling 强制的，激发兴趣的”都不正确。15.We tried to_ our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic.（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.confine C.restrainD.dete

29、rmine解析：解析：confine(to)vt把限制在，使局限于(如：Confine your remark to the main issueconfine yourself to the matter under discussionHer illness confined her to bed)。confirm vt. 证实，肯定；进一步确认：批准，确认(confirm the theorymy beliefme in my belief that)。restrain vt抑制，遏制(情感、情绪)；阻止，控制(使不做 from+动词 ing 形式)。determine vt决定：查明，

30、确定；决心。16.I dont know whether what she said is true, but Ill try to_ it.（分数：2.00）A.confineB.conformC.testifyD.confirm 解析：解析：confirm vt证实，肯定：进一步确定(如：The experiment confirmed his theoryThe hotel confirmed our reservations by telegram)。confine(to)vt限制，使局限于(如：Confine your remarks to the main issueHer ill

31、ness confined her to bed)。conform(towith)vi遵照，适应。testify vt作证，证明；表明，说明。17.New data has_that the damage to the ozone layer is not confined to the southern hemisphere.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ratifiedB.confirmed C.assuredD.approved解析：解析：本题意为“新的数据证实臭氧成层的破坏并不限于南半球”。B 项的“confirm 证实”符合题意。如：Please confir

32、m your telephone message by writing to me(请给我来封信，好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。)其他三项“ratify 批准，许可：assure 保证；approve 同意，赞成”都不正确。18.The teachers behavior and the students response _ what many people have said about language learning.(2004 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confineB.conformC.consentD.confirm 解析：解析：本题中，D 项的“con

33、form 使一致，使遵守，使顺从”符合题意如：A coat must conform to the figure of the wearer.(衣服必须与身材相配。)其他三项“confine 限制，禁闭；consent 同意，赞成；confirm 确定，证实，使巩固，使有效”都不正确。19.The news you told me the other day has yet to be _.(2003 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.affirmedB.informedC.conformedD.confirmed 解析：解析：本题是说前几天你告诉我的消息已经被证实了。D 项的“c

34、onfirmed 证实”符合题意，如：The hotel confirmed our reservations by telegram(旅馆给我们来电确认所订膳宿不作变动。)其他三项“affirmed 断言，确认：informed 通知；conformed 使遵守，使一致”都不正确。20.She suffered from a _ of feelings about her career.（分数：2.00）A.confrontationB.differenceC.painD.conflict 解析：解析：conflict n.vi.冲突，抵触(如：settle differences by a

35、rmed conflictstir up conflicts between two personsA conflict of opinion arose over what food was best for the rabbitto be in conflict with each other)。confrontation(between)n 对抗。difference n差别，差异；差额；(意见)分歧。pain n痛，疼痛；痛苦，悲痛。21.He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion

36、to the _.(2010 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.prejudiceD.conflict 解析：解析：在给出的选项中；paradox“似非而是的论点，自相矛盾的话”；dilemma“困境，进退两难”；prejudice“偏见，伤害，成见”；conflict“冲突，争执，矛盾”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知。正确答案是 D。22.If the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local _.(2011 年四川大学考

37、博试题)（分数：2.00）A.collisionsB.combatsC.contradictionsD.conflicts 解析：解析：在给出的选项中：collisions“冲突”；combat“战斗”；contradiction“(意见等)相互矛盾，冲突”；conflict“冲突(指处于战争状态或激烈的争吵)”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 D。23.On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to _ to the school rules.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.conce

38、deB.conform C.complyD.confront解析：解析：本题空格处是说要求遵守校规。B 项的“conform(to)遵守”符合题意，如：conform to the customs of society(遵守社会习俗)。其他三项“concede 让步；comply(with)遵从；confront 使面对，对抗”都不正确。24.In many societies, the person who fails to _ to conventional behavior is likely to be avoided by others.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2

39、.00）A.concedeB.conform C.confineD.confer解析：解析：四个选项中，A 项 concede 的意思是“让给，给予；容许；承认失败”，B 项 conform 的意思是“遵照，遵守，适虑(十 towith)”，C 项 confine 的意思是“限制；使局限”，D 项 confer 的意思是“商谈，协商：授予(学位等)”。根据题意，B 项为正确答案。25.All individuals are required to _to the laws made by their governments. (2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.obeyB.conform C.concedeD.observe解析：解析：在给出的选项中：obey“遵守”，后直接加名词；conform“遵守，遵从”，conform to 为固定搭配；concede“承认，出让”；observe“观察”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是B。