【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编53及答案解析.doc

1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 53 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.We all buy things on the_of the moment; this is what the retail trade calls an “impulse buy“.(2007 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.urgeB.forceC.spurD.rush2.The young nation has not yet attained political _.（分数：2.00）A.stabil

2、ityB.prosperityC.maturityD.independence3.Even when textbooks are _ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.(2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.commonplaceB.standardizedC.competitiveD.generalized4.We will also see a_ increase in the number of televisions per household, as small TV displa

3、ys are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.startlingB.surpassingC.suppressingD.stacking5.Language, like food, is a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life might be_ and damaged. (2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.starvedB.stunnedC.shocked

4、D.segregated6.Right now there is a sale of 19th-century European Paintings and sculpture in the museum.(2006 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.photographsB.imagesC.statuesD.stone paintings7.The car one drives may show his / her_ or social position.(2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.curiosityB.statusC.importanceD.reput

5、ation8.The association works to promote the_ of retired people as active and useful members of the community.(厦门大学 2011 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.actionB.aspectC.locationD.status9.Against the wishes of many smaller countries, Europe is_a stable, if undesirable, situation lacking any coherent policy of transnat

6、ional coordination in basic and strategic research despite the European Commission.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.tightened withB.put fast intoC.stuck fast inD.fastened with10.John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must _

7、 the curiosity and creativity of children.（分数：2.00）A.seekB.stimulateC.shapeD.secure11.One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its ability to_ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.(2005 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.inventB.stimulateC.renovateD.advocate12.I dont tru

8、st the man; hes not_.（分数：2.00）A.seriousB.straightC.perfectD.efficient13.Shes still _ to her new duties, but she will soon learn.（分数：2.00）A.rawB.indifferentC.equalD.strange14.The gloves were really loo small, and it was only by_them that I managed to get them on.（分数：2.00）A.stretchingB.squeezingC.exte

9、ndingD.spreading15.The author_us as consistently fair and accurate about the issues.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dismissedB.agitatedC.struckD.seized16.She was not so young as I had expected and in appearance_rather than attractive; she gave me the impression of having more teeth, white and large

10、and even, than were necessary for arty practical purpose.（分数：2.00）A.strikingB.formidableC.horribleD.intimate17.People innately _ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.(2004 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.striveB.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere18.Th

11、ey continued to_ about and enjoy themselves until they became tired. (2005 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.strokeB.strollC.stammerD.string19.The employees are _ to the rules and regulations of the company.（分数：2.00）A.subjectB.liableC.aptD.submissive20.Agriculture must, therefore,_ workers and savings to the ne

12、w industrialized, urbanized sectors if a modern economy is to be achieved.(2004 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.yieldB.succumbC.subjectD.resort21.The rising flood waters will soon _ the village.（分数：2.00）A.mergeB.emergeC.submergeD.cover22.His misbehavior and _ dismissal from the firm was reported in the newsp

13、aper.（分数：2.00）A.thereafterB.afterwardC.punctualD.subsequent23.The business was forced to close down for a period but was _ revived.（分数：2.00）A.successivelyB.subsequentlyC.predominantlyD.preliminarily24.We made plans for a visit, but _ difficulties with car prevented it.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.subo

14、rdinateB.succeedC.successiveD.subsequent25.At first, the company refused to purchase the equipment, but this decision was _revised.(2008 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.subsequentlyB.successivelyC.predominantlyD.preliminarily考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 53 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.

15、We all buy things on the_of the moment; this is what the retail trade calls an “impulse buy“.(2007 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.urgeB.forceC.spur D.rush解析：解析：此题考查的是词语的搭配。urge 项表示“敦促”；force 表示“力量，影响力”；spur 表示“动力”；rush 表示“匆促”。只有 C 项有固定用法 on the spur of,表示一时冲动，所以答案是 C 选项。2.The young nation has not yet attaine

16、d political _.（分数：2.00）A.stability B.prosperityC.maturityD.independence解析：解析：stability n.稳定，稳固(如：Nothing is more important than political stability for a country in its economic endeavour)。 prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣。maturity n.成熟(阶段)；有经验。independence n.独立，自主。3.Even when textbooks are _ through a school sys

17、tem, methods of teaching may vary greatly.(2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.commonplaceB.standardized C.competitiveD.generalized解析：解析：在给出的选项中：commonplace“平凡的，陈腐的，平庸的”；standardized“标准化的”；competitive“竞争的，有竞争力的”；generalized“广泛的，普遍的”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 B。4.We will also see a_ increase in the number of televi

18、sions per household, as small TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.startling B.surpassingC.suppressingD.stacking解析：解析：句意为：随着小型电视屏幕被加到钟表、咖啡壶和烟雾监测器上，我们将会看到家家户户的电视数量会出现惊人的增长。根据句意，只有 A 项 startling“令人吃惊的”符合句意，故选 A 项。5.Language, like food, is a basi

19、c human need without which a child at a critical period of life might be_ and damaged. (2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.starved B.stunnedC.shockedD.segregated解析：解析：本题意为“语言像食品，是人的基本需要，没有它，孩子在关键时期就会挨饿，身心会受到损害”。starve 的意思是“使挨饿”；stun 的意思是“使大吃一惊”；shock 的意思是“使震惊”；segregate 的意思是“使分离、使隔离”。四个选项中只有 A 项符合题意。6.Right

20、now there is a sale of 19th-century European Paintings and sculpture in the museum.(2006 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.photographsB.imagesC.statues D.stone paintings解析：解析：photographs 意为“照片”；images 意为“图像，肖像”；statues 意为“雕像，塑像，雕塑”；stone paintings 意为“石工画”。题中画线词的词义为“雕塑，雕刻”。因此本题答案为 C 项。7.The car one drives may sho

21、w his / her_ or social position.(2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.curiosityB.status C.importanceD.reputation解析：解析：本题意为“一个人所开的车可以显示出他(她)的身份和社会地位。B 项的“status 身份，地位”符合题意。其他三项“curiosity 好奇心；importance 重要性；reputation 名声”都不正确。8.The association works to promote the_ of retired people as active and useful member

22、s of the community.(厦门大学 2011 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.actionB.aspectC.locationD.status 解析：解析：句子的大意为：该协会致力于促进退休人员的现状，使其成为活跃和发挥作用的社区成员。A 项 action“行动，活动”；B 项 aspect“方面，方向”；C 项 location“位置，地点”；D 项status“地位，状况，情形”。只有 D“在一定程度上”可以构成搭配，所以 D 项符合题意。9.Against the wishes of many smaller countries, Europe is_a stable, if

23、 undesirable, situation lacking any coherent policy of transnational coordination in basic and strategic research despite the European Commission.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.tightened withB.put fast intoC.stuck fast in D.fastened with解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：tightened with 变紧，绷紧：put fast into 投入；stuck fa

24、st in 紧紧陷入：fastened with 固定，拴紧，根据句子意思可知，正确答案是 A 选项。如：The boat was stuck fast in the mud(那艘船深深地陷在泥里。)10.John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must _ the curiosity and creativity of children.（分数：2.00）A.seekB.stimulate C.sh

25、apeD.secure解析：解析：句子的大意为：约翰杜威认为教育应该是为生活作准备的，一个人通过教育学习知识，教学必须激发孩子的好奇心和创造力。stimulate vt.刺激，激励，激发，促进，促使(stimulate sbs interest in sthstimulate sbto do better workstimulate sbinto new effortsinto acting)。seek v.(多用于书面语)寻找，追求；设法，企图。(seek sth；seek to+动词原形；seek after 多用被动态 be sought after 设法得到；seekfor 找，寻求；

26、seek out 找到)。shape vt形成，使形成。secure vt设法得到，设法获得(因为大家都争着要得到这种东西)。11.One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its ability to_ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.(2005 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.inventB.stimulate C.renovateD.advocate解析：解析：本题是说科学理论的重要性质之一就是它能够激发对某项课

27、题进一步的研究和思考。B 项“stimulate 刺激，激励”符合题意，如：Exercise stimulates the flow of blood(体操促进血液流动。)其他三项中，invent 意思是“发明，创造”；renovate 意思是“革新，刷新，修复”；advocate意思是“提倡，鼓吹”，都与题意不符。12.I dont trust the man; hes not_.（分数：2.00）A.seriousB.straight C.perfectD.efficient解析：解析：straight a.坦率，老实，诚实，正直；直截了当；直的，笔直的(如：Hes perfectly s

28、traight in all his dealingstake a straight approach to a problem；a straight answer；be straight with sb；a straight line)。serious a严肃的，庄重的；严重的，危急的；认真的。perfect a完美的，完满的，完好的；完全的，十足的。efficient a有效率的；生效的。13.Shes still _ to her new duties, but she will soon learn.（分数：2.00）A.rawB.indifferentC.equalD.strange

29、 解析：解析：strange(to)a.陌生的，生疏的，不熟悉的：奇怪的，奇异的；外地的，异乡的(如：a strange manvoiceplace；The town is strange to meThe village boy was strange to city lifeTheres nothing strange about that)。raw a.生疏无知的，未经训练的；未加工过的；未煮熟的。indifferent(to)a.冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的)。equal(to)a相等的，同样的；平等的；胜任的。14.The gloves were really loo small, a

30、nd it was only by_them that I managed to get them on.（分数：2.00）A.stretching B.squeezingC.extendingD.spreading解析：解析：stretch vt.拉长。squeeze vt.用力挤压：压榨；压缩，减少。extend vt.延长，延伸；扩大，扩充;致(敬意、感谢、慰问等)；给予。spread vt.摊开，伸开：涂，敷：散布，传播。15.The author_us as consistently fair and accurate about the issues.(2013 年 3 月中国科学

31、院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dismissedB.agitatedC.struck D.seized解析：解析：A 项“dismissed”意为“把打发走，解散”；B 项“agitated”意为“使激动，使狂躁不安”：C 项“struck”意为“打中、击中，给印象、让觉得”；D 项“seized”意为“抓住”，由句意可知，“作者让我们觉得”，因此选择 C 项。16.She was not so young as I had expected and in appearance_rather than attractive; she gave me the impression of ha

32、ving more teeth, white and large and even, than were necessary for arty practical purpose.（分数：2.00）A.striking B.formidableC.horribleD.intimate解析：解析：striking a.惹人注目的，容貌出众的(注：可指长得特别好看或特别丑，如：What a striking face she has! She was wearing a striking hat)。formidable a.可怕的，令人畏惧的；令人惊叹的，令人钦佩的。horrible a.令人恐惧

33、的，可怕的，骇人听闻的；极讨厌的，使人不愉快的，糟透的。intimate a.亲密的，亲切的；个人的，私下的。17.People innately _ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.(2004 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.strive B.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere解析：18.They continued to_ about and enjoy themselves until

34、 they became tired. (2005 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.strokeB.stroll C.stammerD.string解析：解析：本题是说他们继续四处逛着，尽情享受着，直到他们累了。B 项“stroll 闲逛，漫步，跋涉于”符合题意，如：My friend likes to stroll around the flea market on the chance of picking up something of value(我的朋友爱逛旧货市场，希望能找到点有价值的东西。)其他三项“stroke 抚摸；stammer 口吃，结巴着说出；string

35、排成一列”都不正确。19.The employees are _ to the rules and regulations of the company.（分数：2.00）A.subject B.liableC.aptD.submissive解析：解析：be subject to 受支配的；易遭的(如：We are subject to the laws of the countryto the rules of the school/to the laws of natureYou can leave early subject to the headmasters approval：He

36、is subject to coldsto headaches)。liable a常爱，常常会(to+动词原形)：易得(病)，可能会受到(惩罚 to)。apt a.(习性)易于的，有倾向的(to+动词原形)。submissive(to)a.温顺的，顺从的。20.Agriculture must, therefore,_ workers and savings to the new industrialized, urbanized sectors if a modern economy is to be achieved.(2004 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.yieldB.

37、succumbC.subject D.resort解析：解析：本题中，短语 subjectto 的意思是“使隶属于，使听从于，使受到，使经历”；yield to的意思是“屈服，屈从”；succumb to 的意思是“屈服，死于”；resort to 的意思是“求助，诉诸”。四个选项中，只有 C 项符合题意。21.The rising flood waters will soon _ the village.（分数：2.00）A.mergeB.emergeC.submerge D.cover解析：解析：submerge v.浸没，淹没(如：He submerged his hands in wa

38、rm waterSubmarines can submerge very quicklyThe river submerged large tracts of land)。merge v.(使)结合，(使)合为一体。emerge vi出现，涌现；(问题)冒出，(事实)暴露。cover vt覆盖。22.His misbehavior and _ dismissal from the firm was reported in the newspaper.（分数：2.00）A.thereafterB.afterwardC.punctualD.subsequent 解析：解析：subsequent(t

39、o)a(书面语)随后的，后来的。23.The business was forced to close down for a period but was _ revived.（分数：2.00）A.successivelyB.subsequently C.predominantlyD.preliminarily解析：解析：本题是说生意一开始被迫关张，但随后就复苏了。B 项“subsequently 后来，随后”符合题意。其他三项“successively 连续地；predominately 占主导地位地：preliminarily 初步地”都不正确。24.We made plans for a

40、 visit, but _ difficulties with car prevented it.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.subordinateB.succeedC.successiveD.subsequent 解析：解析：本题意为“我们制定了出访计划，但由于后来车了出了毛病，未能出访”。subsequent 的意思是“随后的，后来的”；subordinate 的意思是“次要的，从属的”；succeed 的意思是“成功，接替”；successive 的意思是“相继的，接连的”。四个选项中只有 D 项符合题意。25.At first, the company refused to purchase the equipment, but this decision was _revised.(2008 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.subsequently B.successivelyC.predominantlyD.preliminarily解析：解析：各选项的意思是：subsequently 后来，随后；successively 接连着，继续地。根据句意可知，答案是 A。