【考研类试卷】南京大学真题2006年及答案解析.doc

1、南京大学真题 2006 年及答案解析(总分：72.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.You dont object _ you by your first name, do you?（分数：1.00）A.that I callB.for callingC.that I am callingD.to my calling2._ initial recognition while still quite young.（分数：1.00）A.Most famous scientists achievedB.That most famous

2、 scientists schievedC.Most famous scientists who achievedD.For most famous scientists to achieve3.The Chisos Mountains in Big Bend National Park in Texas were created by volcanic eruptions that occurred _.（分数：1.00）A.the area in which dinosaurs roamedB.when dinosaurs roamed the areaC.did dinosaurs ro

3、am the areaD.dinosaurs roaming the area4.Not until Kentuckys Mammoth Cave had been completely explored in 1972_.（分数：1.00）A.when was its full extent realizedB.that its full extent realizedC.was its full extent realizedD.the realimtion of its full extent5._ three times in a row, the boxer decided to g

4、ive up fighting.（分数：1.00）A.Because having been defeatedB.Because being defeatedC.Having been defeatedD.Having defeated6.A membership card authorizes _ the clubs facilities for a period of 12 months.（分数：1.00）A.the holder usingB.the holders useC.the holder to useD.the holder uses7.At no time should we

5、 be _ by success.（分数：1.00）A.carried offB.carried awayC.carried downD.carried out8.The Sydney express was _ for two hours by the sudden storm.（分数：1.00）A.held downB.held withC.held outD.held up9.There are no solitary, free-living creatures; every form of life is _ other forms.（分数：1.00）A.dependent toB.

6、depended toC.depended onD.dependent on10.Iceland lies far north in the Athlantic, with its northernmost tip actually _ the Arctic Circle.（分数：1.00）A.touchedB.touchesC.touchingD.being touched二、BPart B/B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.No one (care about) if he (appears) at the meeting next year or not. If (it happ

7、ens) he will (be made to) apologize for his careless comments. A. care about B. appears C. it happens D. be made（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_12.(Even) (a one-minute) delay will destroy (arrangements of) the meeting if you dont schedule your time (well). A. Even B. a one-minute C. arrangements of D. well（分数：1.00）

8、填空项 1:_13.School counselors (are convinced) that it will be obligatory that everyone (must have) (some computer training) in order to (enter) the job market. A. are convinced B. must have C. some computer training D. enter（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_14.(The age of) a geological sample can (be estimated) from th

9、e ratio of radioactive to nonradioaetive carbon (present) in the object (is examined). A. The age of B. be estimated C. present D. is examined（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_15.Dams vary (in size) (from small rock barriers to) concrete structures (many feet) (height). A. in size B. from small rock barriers to C. ma

10、ny feet D. height（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_16.Geologists (at) the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (rely on) (a number of) instruments to (studying) the volcanoes in Hawaii. A. at B. rely on C. a number of D. studying（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_17.(As) secretary of transportation, he worked to help the (bankrupt railroads) i

11、n the northeastern (United States) (solved) their financial problems. A. As B. bankrupt railroads C. United States D. solved（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_18.(After having studied) (so hard) for more than two months, he (felt confidently) of (success). A. After having studied B. so hard C. felt confidently D. succ

12、ess（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_19.Photographs (printed in) (newspaper) usually have a caption (underneath) to explain what (they are about). A. printed in B. newspaper C. underneath D. they are about（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_20.Overhead railway, (whose) tracks (are elevated out of) the way of surface traffic, (might have

13、 been) (one possible solution to) heavy traffic in big cities. A. whose B. are elevated out of C. might have been D. one possible solution to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart C/B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)The suclptural legacy that the new United States U(21) /U its colonial predecessors was U(22) /U a rich one, and U(2

14、3) /U in 1776 sculpture as an art form was U(24) /U in the hands of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see U(25) /U today in old bruial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made in

15、tricately carved wooden ornamentations for furntiture or architectural decorations, U(26) /U carved wooden shop signs and ships figureheads. U(27) /U they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and co

16、nstituted a group U(28) /U from what we normally U(29) /U as “sculptors“ U(30) /U the word.（分数：5.00）A.inherited fromB.inherited toC.adapted toD.adopted toA.nearlyB.far fromC.rarelyD.so muchA.in factB.howeverC.sinceD.consequentlyA.stillB.notC.no moreD.everA.stoodB.being stoodC.standingD.being standin

17、gA.however othersB.while the othersC.while othersD.however the othersA.ButB.AlthoughC.SinceD.ForA.distinctedB.distinctingC.being distinctD.distinctA.thought ofB.thoughtC.think ofD.thinkA.as todays usage ofB.in todays usage ofC.as todays use ofD.in todays use ofU (31) /U, optical illusion can cut hig

18、hway crashes. Japan is a case U(32) /U. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads U(33) /U nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons U(34) /U the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now t

19、he American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to U(35) /U Japans success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads mound the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive s

20、peed plays a major role U(36) /U one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. U(37) /U those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are U(38) /U- curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that stra

21、ight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially U(39) /U the average speed of drivers in half U(40) /U , traffic often returns to full speed within, months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar.（分数：5.00）A.Believing it or not toB.Believe it or not toC.Believing it or notD.Believe

22、it or notA.in pointB.to pointC.by pointD.on pointA.byB.toC.atD.overA.painted onB.being painted onC.painted inD.being painted inA.remakeB.reproduceC.imitateD.repeatA.in so much asB.in as much asC.to as much asD.to so much asA.Helping to reduceB.To help reduceC.Helping reducingD.To help reducingA.the

23、greatestB.the greaterC.the betterD.the bestA.cutB.increaseC.produceD.pressA.ThereforeB.HoweverC.ConsequentlyD.As a result四、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPassage One/BAs a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier

24、age. This isnt the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europes new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible mome

25、ntum of individualism“ over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on Europeans private byes.Europes new economic climate has largely fosterd the tren

26、d toward independence, the current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, todays tech-savvy workers have embraced a f

27、ree market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage-twentysometing professionals or widowed senior citizens, w

28、hile pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative-dark and cold, while being together sugg

29、ested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone.The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesnt leave much room for relationships. Pirnpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives

30、alone in a house in Paris, says he hasnt got time to get lonely becanse he has too much work. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult. Only an Iddeal Woman would make him change his lifestyle,“ he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and

31、 Prince Charming“, thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expext morn and more of mates, so relationships dont last long-if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbarthes or sleeps, resting up for

32、going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says shed never have wanted to do what her mother did-give up a career to raise a family. Instead, “Ive always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.“（分数：5.00）(1).More and more young Europeans remain single because _.（分数：1.00）A.they have entered the

33、 workforce at a much earlier ageB.they are pessimistic about their economic futureC.they have embraced a business culture of stabilityD.they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualism(2).What is said about Europan society in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It is getting closer to American-style cap

34、italism.B.It has limited consumers choice despite a free market.C.It is being threatened by irresistible privatization.D.It has fostered the trend towards small families.(3).According to Paragraph 3, the newest group of singles are _.（分数：1.00）A.negative and gloomyB.on either side of marriageC.health

35、y and wealthyD.warm and lighthearted(4).The author quotes Eppendorf to show that _.（分数：1.00）A.some modern women prefer a life of individual freedomB.most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptableC.some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonelyD.the family is no longer

36、 the basic unit of society in present-day, Europe(5).What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?（分数：1.00）A.To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism.B.To examine the trend of young people living alone.C.To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships.D.To review the impact of

37、 women becoming high earners.BPassage Two/BIt is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either h

38、ave science or you dont, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indee

39、d, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its Way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this su

40、dden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now

41、 that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the wor

42、st spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that cant beanswered, sooner or later, inc

43、luding even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we cant think up, ever and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and

44、 pay attention.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, really good science _.（分数：1.00）A.would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century EnlightenmentB.will produce results which cannot be foreseenC.will help people to make the right choice in advanceD.will bring about disturbing results(2).It c

45、an be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century _.（分数：1.00）A.thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of scienceB.were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC.knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD.did more

46、 harm than good in promoting mans understanding of nature(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?（分数：1.00）A.They invented false theories to explain things they didnt understand.B.They falsely claimed to know all about nature.C.They did not believe in results

47、from scientific observation.D.They paid little attention to the problems they didnt understand.(4).What is the authors attitude towards science?（分数：1.00）A.He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientists.B.He is doubtful because of enormous difficulties confronting it.C.He is confident though

48、he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.D.He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.(5).The author believes that _.（分数：1.00）A.man can find solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he can think upB.man can not solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellectC.sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and ans