【考研类试卷】考研英语-141及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-141 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Even the Saudis-or rather, the small number of men who actually rule their troubled country-a

2、re giving ground in the struggle for womens rights. For sure, the recommendationsU (1) /Uthis week to Crown Prince Abdullah at the end of anU (2) /Uround of “national dialogue“ concentrating on the role of women were fairly tame. in the reformers-versus-reactionariesU (3) /Utest of whether women sho

3、uld, be allowed to drive cars (at present they cannot do so in the kingdom, nor can they travel unaccompanied, by whateverU (4) /Uof motion), the king was merely asked to“U (5) /Ua body to study a public-transport system for women to facilitate mobility“.U (6) /Umention, of course, of the right to v

4、ote-but then that has beenU (7) /Uto men too, though local elections, on an apparently universal franchise, are supposed to be held in October. In sum, it is a tortoises progress. But the very fact of the debate happening at all isU (8) /U-and hopeful.It is not just in Saudi Arabia that more rights

5、for women are being demandedU (9) /Uacross the whole of the Arab and Muslim world. The pushy Americans have made womens rights part of their appeal for greater democracy inU (10) /Uthey now officially call the “broader Middle East“, to include non-Arab Muslim countries such as Iran, Turkey and even

6、Afghanistan. Many Arabs have cautioned the Americans against seeking toU (11) /Utheir own values on societies with such different traditions andU (12) /U. Many leading Muslims haveU (13) /Uthe culturally imperious Americans of seeking toU (14) /UIslam. TheU (15) /Ufor more democracy in the Muslim wo

7、rld issued by leaders of the eight biggest industrial countries was watered down for fear of givingU (16) /U. Yet, despite the Arabs prickliness, the Americans have helped pep up a debate that is now bubbling fiercely in the Arab world, evenU (17) /Umany Arab leaders, none of whom is directly electe

8、d by the people, are understandablyU (18) /Uof reforms that could lead to their own toppling. Never before have womens rights in the Arab world been soU (19) /Udebated. ThatU (20) /Uis cause to rejoice.（分数：10.00）A.remouldedB.inheritedC.accordedD.handedA.unprecedentedB.unquenchableC.unorthodoxD.unmat

9、chedA.tenorB.gistC.glamourD.litmusA.metabolismB.meansC.metaphraseD.methodologyA.assignB.assuageC.assumeD.attestA.NotB.NeverC.NoD.ScarcelyA.discountedB.demurredC.discreditedD.deniedA.melodiousB.remarkableC.mercurialD.resistantA.otherwiseB.butC.thereatD.whereuponA.whatB.thatC.whetherD.whichA.sanctionB

10、.imposeC.inhibitD.licenseA.strategiesB.idealsC.beliefsD.tacticsA.robbedB.accusedC.relievedD.strippedA.destroyB.defyC.decimateD.diluteA.vicinityB.collaborationC.appealD.flatteryA.offenceB.collapseC.disasterD.passivismA.asB.soC.thenD.thoughA.awareB.supportiveC.waryD.indicativeA.latentlyB.monotonouslyC

11、.moderatelyD.vigorouslyA.lonelyB.soloC.aloneD.logo二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BPart A/BBDirections:/BRead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)BText 1/BIf soldiering was for the money, the Special

12、 Air Service (SAS) and the Special Boat Service (SBS) would have disintegrated in recent years. Such has been the explosion in private military companies (PMCs) that they employ an estimated 30 000 in Iraq alone - and no government can match their fat salaries. A young SAS trooper earns about 2,000(

13、$3 500) a month; on the “circuit“, as soldiers call the private world, he could get 15 000. Why would he not?For reasons both warm-hearted and cool-headed. First, for love of regiment and comrades, bonds that tend to be tightest in the most select units. Second, for the operational support, notably

14、field medicine, and the security, including life assurance and pension, that come with the queens paltry shilling.Although there has been no haemorrhaging of special force (SF) fighters to the private sector, there has been enough of a trickle to cause official unease. A memo recently circulated in

15、the Ministry of Defence detailed the loss of 24 SF senior non-commissioned officers to private companies in the past year. All had completed 22 years of service, and so were eligible for a full pension, and near the end of their careers. Yet there is now a shortage of hard-bitten veterans to fill tr

16、aining and other jobs earmarked for them, under a system for retaining them known as “continuance.“America has responded to the problem by throwing cash at it, offering incentives of up to $150 000 to sign new contracts. The Ministry of Defence has found a cheaper ploy. It has spread the story of tw

17、o British PMC employees, recently killed in Iraq, whose bodies were left rotting in the sun;（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the private world is called “circuit“ by soldiersB.PMCs employ an estimated 30 000 soldiers in Iraq aloneC.Britains best soldiers st

18、and resolute against mammonD.A young SBS trooper earns about 15 000(2).The word “security“ in the second paragraph most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.protectionB.documentC.certificateD.safety(3).Paragraph 2 is written to _.（分数：2.00）A.advance both warm-hearted and cool-headed causesB.reinterate the sig

19、nificance of queens paltry shillingC.shed light on the love of regiment and comradesD.interpret why young SAS troopers would not get 15 000(4).The conclusion can be made from the third paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the Ministry of Defence detailed 24 SBS troopersB.the fat salaries by the private milit

20、ary companies have worked to some SF troopersC.the present system for retaining hard-bitten veterans is impeccableD.20 years of service underlies a full pension(5).In the last paragraph of the text, the author has _.（分数：2.00）A.comment on a tipB.anticipate a resultC.made a contrastD.depict a sampleBT

21、ext 2/BAs any diplomat from Britain, Austria or Turkey can tell you, handling the legacy of a vanished, far-flung empire is a tricky business. But for Georgia, the gap between old glory and present vulnerability is especially wide.Todays Georgia is diminished by war, buffeted by geopolitics and reco

22、vering from post-Soviet chaos. But 800 years ago the country was a mighty military, cultural and ecclesiastical force. Its greatest monarch, Queen Tamara, defeated many foes (including her first husband) and built fine monuments. In her time, Georgia also had a big stake in the Christian life of the

23、 Holy Land. From Jerusalem to the Balkans, Georgias priests, artists and church-builders were active and respected. So too were its poets, like Shota Rustaveli, the national bard who dedicated an epic to his beloved queen.In between seeking western aid and coping with power cuts, modern Georgia has

24、pledged to keep a wary eye on every place where churches, inscriptions and frescoes testify to its golden age. That includes Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and above all, Israel. Last year, Georgians were enraged when a fresco of Rustaveli, in a Jerusalem church under the care of the Greek Orthod

25、ox Patriarchate, was defaced, then badly restored. This year, a better restoration was done, but Georgians now want a promise that in all future restoration their own experts can take part. They also want to stop the seepage of Georgian frescoes and icons, supposedly under the Patriarchates care, on

26、 to the art market. Several times, Georgia has had to use its meagre resources to buy back pieces of the national heritage. The hope is that things will improve with the recent election of a new Jerusalem Patriarch, after his predecessor was ousted under a cloud of scandal.Georgias ties with Israel

27、are good, thanks to a thriving Georgian-Jewish community with happy memories of its homeland. Georgia also gets along with Greece, amid a fug of sentimentality over legends about the Argonauts that link the two nations. But can these warm, fuzzy feelings translate into better protection for an ancie

28、nt culture? That will be a challenge for Geld Bezhuashvili, who succeeds Salome Zourabichvili, the French-born diplomat who was sacked, after a power struggle, as Georgian foreign minister on October 19th.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “tricky“ in the first paragraph of the text denotes _.（分数：2.00）A.decepti

29、veB.craftyC.toughD.tacit(2).According to the text, Georgia used to be influential in _.（分数：2.00）A.religionB.agronomyC.medicineD.horticulture(3).Romania is mentioned in the text to _.（分数：2.00）A.illustrate a fresco of RustaveliB.demonstrate the western aid Georgia obtainedC.indicate Georgias golden ag

30、eD.specify the scope of Georgias lookout(4).It can be inferred from the text that the prospect of Georgias heritage protection _.（分数：2.00）A.is to be a power struggleB.is liable to become betterC.is to be a cloud of scandalD.is likely to become active and respected(5).The authors attitude toward the

31、transformation mentioned in the last paragraph is _.（分数：2.00）A.affirmativeB.criticalC.negativeD.cautiousBText 3/BFear seems to be the dominant mood of the moment. Hurricanes, tidal waves, floods, earthquakes and terrorism this year have all brought with them not only appalling scenes of devastation,

32、 death and suffering, but also outrage at the lack of preparations to avoid or cope with these disasters. Now even the birds of the air are a threat, we are told. That migrating flock visible On the horizon at sunset, once a consoling reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature, could be carrying the

33、virus which might soon kill tens of millions of people.Given the many fingers pointed at governments in the wake of other disasters this year, it is hardly surprising that they are scrambling to respond to the threat posed by avian influenza. After confirmation this week that the HSN1 strain of bird

34、 flu, which has been spreading quickly in Asia, had been discovered in Romania and perhaps Greece, European Union foreign ministers convened an emergency meeting. President George Bush, still smarting from a torrent of criticism of his governments clumsy response to Hurricane Katrina, has promised t

35、o rush out emergency plans for dealing with an outbreak of pandemic flu which have been stalled for years. Countries around the world are hurrying to stockpile the only current antiviral drug, Tamifln, which might be effective in saving lives in any pandemic or curbing its spread. The World Health O

36、rganisation is calling for an internationally coordinated effort. Health ministers from around the globe are due to meet next week in Canada to discuss what steps to take.Is any of this eff6rt justified? Or are politicians simply helping to feed public panic, and then covering themselves by promisin

37、g to spend lavishly against a threat which may never materialize and to reduce a risk which they do not understand? To ask these questions is not to counsel complacency, but to apply the kind of test which is required in any kind of disaster planning, Unot least/U because the world is an inherently

38、dangerous place and it is impossible to plan against every possible disaster. With the media full of warnings of impending mass death, an overreaction is all too possible.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.strong resentment resulted from the lack of preparati

39、ons to cope with recent disastersB.the dominant mood of the moment resulted in the appalling scenes of devastationC.tens of millions of people could carry the virus on the horizonD.reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature emerged at sunset to avoid these disasters(2).According to the text, American

40、 emergency plans for coping with an outbreak of pandemic flu _.（分数：2.00）A.have been stipulatedB.have been enactedC.have been abolishedD.have been delayed(3).Which of the following remarks on our available antiviral medication would the author make?（分数：2.00）A.Effective but poisonous.B.Harmful but pop

41、ulous.C.Meager and not reliable.D.Affordable and palatable.(4).The phrase “not least“ in the last but one sentence of the text means _.（分数：2.00）A.at mostB.not at allC.marginallyD.particularly(5).It can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text that _.（分数：2.00）A.strong and intense response deri

42、ve from the mass mediaB.the attempts to be made can no longer be justified by their intentionC.public panic would be diluted by politicians promiseD.the only remedy is to spend lavishly against a threatBText 4/BThe idea is as audacious as it altruistic: provide a personal laptop computer to every sc

43、hoolchild - particularly in the poorest parts of the world. The first step to making that happen is whittling the price down to $100. And that is the goal of a group of American techno-gurus led by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of the fabled MIT Media Lab. When he unveiled the idea at the World E

44、conomic Forum in January it seemed wildly ambitious. But surprisingly, it is starting to become a reality. Mr. Negroponte plans to display the first prototype in November at a UN summit. Four countries - Brazil, Egypt, Thailand and South Africa - have said they will buy over I m units each. Producti

45、on is due to start in late 2006.How is the group, called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC), able to create a laptop so inexpensively? It is mainly a matter of cleverly combining existing technologies in new ways. The laptop will have a basic processor made by AMD, flash memory instead of a hard disk, will

46、 be powered by batteries or a hand-crank, and will run open-source software. The $100 laptop also puts all the components behind the screen, not under the keyboard, so there is no need for an expensive hinge. So far, OLPC has got the price down to around $130.But good news for the worlds poor, may n

47、ot be such great news for the worlds computer manufacturers. The new machine is not simply of interest in the developing world. On September 22nd, Mitt Romney, the governor of Massachusetts, said the state should purchase one for every secondary-school student, when they become available.Sales to sc

48、hools are just one way in which the $100 laptop could change the computer industry more broadly. By depressing prices and fuelling the trend for “good-enough computing“, where customers upgrade less often, it could eventually put pressure on the worlds biggest PC-makers.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text, which of the following is beyond the publics anticipation?（分数：2.00）A.The idea of cheap trick is starting to come true.B.OLPC is able to create so inexpensive laptops.C.Every secondary-school student will purchase a $100 laptop.D.Sales to schools are j