【考研类试卷】考研英语-40及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-40 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)We all know whether we are left-handed or right-handed; hardly any of us know whether we are leftfaced. Yet according to Professor Karl Smith of the University of Wisconsin we are all almost U U 1 /U /Uone or the other. Right-faced p

2、eople are more U U 2 /U /Uthan left-faced people, and there is a striking U U 3 /U /Ubetween left-facedness and musical talent. Beethoven was left-faced. U U 4 /U /Uwere Brahms, Schubert, Wagner, Tchaikovsky and the U U 5 /U /Uof other well-known living performers of all kinds of music.The idea of f

3、acedness U U 6 /U /Ufrom many years of computerized study of peoples lip, tongue and jaw movement U U 7 /U /Uthey were talking. Smith and his colleagues found that in most people one side of the face was more U U 8 /U /Uthan the other. There are other U U 9 /U /Uof facedness, some of which can be U

4、U 10 /U /Uin static pictures; in tight-faced people the right-side of the face is U U 11 /U /Ucompressed between jaw and brow; the right eyebrow tends to be higher; dimples and wrinkles are less U U 12 /U /Uthan on the left.From a study of more than 500 people Smith found that the U U 13 /U /Uof rig

5、ht-faced people U U 14 /U /Uabout nine in ten among Americans to two in three among Acapulco Mexicans. The fact that U U 15 /U /Utwins were always both right-faced or left-faced suggests a U U 16 /U /Uorigin for facedness.Those talented musical artists-“singers and instrumentalists who perform class

6、ical, operatic, country and jazz music are almost without exception left-faced.“ Smiths findings U U 17 /U /Uwith theories that the fight hemisphere of the brain (which controls the left side of the face) is U U 18 /U /Ufor musical performance, the left hemisphere for U U 19 /U /U. The idea of faced

7、ness, he says, “suggests new U U 20 /U /Uto the study of all aspects of cerebral dominance and its relation to handedness and speech disabilities“.（分数：10.00）(1). A. hardly B. certainly C. accordingly D. possibly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A. indispensable B. preferable C. common D. desirable（分数：0.50）A.B.C

8、D.(3). A. association B. similarity C. agreement D. comparison（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. So B. Also C. But D. And（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. majority B. influence C. names D. celebrities（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. emerged B. aroused C. dated D. rose（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7). A. as B. before C. while D. since（分数

9、0.50）A.B.C.D.(8). A. attractive B. active C. graceful D. particular（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. aspects B. shapes C. ideas D. signs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. tested B. recognized C. interpreted D. limited（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. more B. less C. little D. much（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. marked B. remarkab

10、le C. plain D. unusual（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. number B. amount C. proportion D. total（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. turned out B. consisted of C. added up to D. ranged from（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. variable B. similar C. identical D. inheritable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. environmental B. genetic C. biol

11、ogical D. inherent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. fit out B. fill up C. put up D. fit in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. separated B. revealed C. specialized D. tamed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. sensitivity B. language C. symmetry D. knowledge（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20). A. approaches B. trends C. features D. methods（分数：

12、0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)What makes a great high school? Americans think a lot of things do, from outstanding academics or a supportive environment for students to a great football or basketball team. Still, pretty much everyone

13、 agrees teaching and learning are central to the mission. High schools are expected to prepare students for further education, work, or the military and eliminate the large gaps in achievement separating different ethnic and income groups of students. These are sensible goals.While there are many gr

14、eat high schools among the nearly 22,000 across the country, too many are still not getting the job done. Only about half of African-American and Hispanic students finish high school on time. Meanwhile, the National Assessment of Education Progress tests, often referred to as “the nations report car

15、d,“ show significant achievement gaps separating white students from black and Hispanic high school students.These are not small differences but rather vast gaps that crush opportunity and tear at our nations social contract. Leave aside the intrinsic value of being an educated citizen; there are pr

16、actical effects as well. In 2005, the mean annual earnings were about 20,000 for a high school dropout but 54,000 for someone with a bachelors degree. And those differences are growing wider, not lessening, as our economy becomes more knowledge and skills based. In 1975, a high school dropout earned

17、 about half as much as a college graduate, compared with about one third today.This is why U.S. News set some clear criteria for academic quality in its new ranking of American high schools. These criteria mean a lot of schools dont measure up-only 505 schools nationwide earned a silver or gold meda

18、l this year. The list illustrates at once the promise and the challenge for high schools today. Only about 1 in 8 of the schools on this list serves a student population that is more than 50 percent low income, and only about 1 in 5 has a majority of nonwhite students. Meanwhile, about 1 in 5 select

19、s students based on academic merit, something that obviously boosts the chances of meeting the criteria.Because the U.S. News list uses more data to judge schools, it paints a clearer picture. Of course, no list is perfect. For instance, it is difficult to account for high school graduation rates be

20、cause states calculate them in different ways. But this one better reflects what policymakers and parents want from high schools, as well as the challenge our nation faces to make our high schools as good as they need to be.（分数：10.00）(1).American high schools are expected to A. eliminate large socia

21、l gaps. B. remain ethnic diversities. C. teach students practical skills. D. prepare students for the future.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In Paragraph 2, “the nations report card“ is cited to show that A. too many high schools fail to accomplish the mission of teaching and learning. B. half of African-Ameri

22、can and Hispanic high school students are dropouts. C. achievement gaps are the primary causes of ethnic separation in America. D. American high schools havent wiped off ethnic gaps among students.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We can learn from Paragraph 3 that A. inequality of education breaks the contract

23、America signs with its citizens. B. income gaps are widened as the economy relies more on knowledge and skills. C. high school education results in more economical impact than emotional one. D. high school dropouts used to earn more in the 1970s than today.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).High schools of silver

24、 or gold medalists by U.S. News most probably A. dedicate to students from low-income families. B. recruit mainly white students. C. select students based on academic performance. D. admit only minority elite students.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is a feature of the U.S. News list? A.

25、 Ideal. B. Exaggerating. C. Insightful. D. Threatening.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Jonathan Swift made a famous Modest Proposal in 1729 that the babies of the Irish poor should be eaten to prevent them growing up to a poverty-stricken life of crime. It was, of course, ironic. But nea

26、rly 300 years later I would like to make a modest proposal about babies that is almost as astonishing, yet not at all ironic. Ive come reluctantly to think, that perhaps some babies, in the public interest and to prevent them growing up to a life of violence, should be forcibly taken from their moth

27、ers and adopted.Freedom and compassion are two of the things I believe in most passionately and this proposal is entirely at odds with both, or so it seems. The image of little children being wrenched from the arms of their deeply upset mothers is one of the worst one can imagine. However, the paren

28、ts of some of the criminally violent young people of today are not worthy of the name of mother or father. Some of those babies, given the extreme disadvantages of their upbringing, will grow up to torment, hurt and kill.All too often when a shocking murder is reported, it emerges that the killers h

29、ad a background designed to produce such semi-psychotic violence. We could demand to know where the criminal justice system was in all this or why there are not police on the streets. But we dont often demand an explanation from the parents. Children from orderly homes do not tend to go about the st

30、reets looking for a fight. It is the children of the useless-there is no better word for it, Im sorry to say-who go so tragically wrong.I am not talking about parents or children who suffer from mental illness; they cant be held responsible. Im talking about parents who are pretty much in their figh

31、t minds, when not high on drink and drugs, and who choose to neglect their children, and who, neglecting or abusing those they have already, go on to have more. I mean never-married parents, with no standards, who have a string of partners coming and going, who have babies by different lovers, who a

32、re careless if those itinerants (partners) abuse their own children, who are running welfare scams or living by crime. What hope is there for their children?Now theres a challenge to politicians: stop talking about the cycle of deprivation and break it by taking away the babies and giving them to lo

33、ving adoptive parents. A modest proposal, and a difficult one, but the only realistic one.（分数：10.00）(1).The author believes his proposal is A. modest but critical. B. shocking but practical. C. modest and forceful. D. practical and ironical.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The babies of unworthy parents will A.

34、 not deserve to be a mother or father. B. probably grow to be criminals. C. have all the disadvantages in their lives. D. hurt and kill themselves later.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, the reason for some shocking murders may often be A. the imperfect criminal justice system. B. the in

35、efficiency of policemen. C. the psychological problems of criminals. D. the irresponsible family education.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The last sentence in Paragraph 4 implies that A. the careless parents neglect the future of their children. B. the parents of right minds give no hope to help their childre

36、n. C. the children of never-married parents have nothing to hope. D. the children of never-married parents are hopeless criminals.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the best title for the passage? A. A Modest Proposal-Tragedy No More B. A Way to Cut Crime-Forcible Adoption C. A Decisive Force for Crime-Pa

37、rents Background D. A Challenge to Politicians-Deprivation Cycle（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the reckless despoiling of the earths resources has brought the whole world to brink of disaster. The overdevelopmen

38、t of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the disintegration of the family, and the pollution not only of local air, but also of the earths atmosphere. The catastrophe has

39、arrived in the form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution, or depression. It is also unlike the great natural catastrophes of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is crucial. What we need is not

40、a continuation of our present perilous state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been reeling under the continuing exposures of loss of moral inte

41、grity and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some commitment that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the loyalty of all. In the past it has been only in a war in defense of their own countr

42、y and their own ideals that any people have been able to invoke a total commitment.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered

43、oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course, and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it, we need a widespread understanding of the nature of the crisis confronting us-and the world-a crisis that

44、is no passing inconvenience, no by-product of the ambition of the oil producing countries. no environmentalists mere fears, no by-product of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life-style. This n

45、ew life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on an overriding commitment to a higher quality of life for the worlds children and future generation.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the energy crisis has led the world close to A. union. B. revival. C. d

46、estruction. D. overdevelopment.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the author think has contributed to the near disaster of our cities? A. The breakup of families. B. Reckless financial planning. C. Natural disasters. D. The excessive growth of motor transportation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the follo

47、wing indicates our loss of moral integrity according to the passage? A. Despoiling of natural resources. B. Lack of loyalty. C. Lack of mutual understanding. D. Disintegration of the family.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).By comparing the past with the present, the author wants to draw peoples attention to A. the significance of the crisis. B. the inadequacy of governmental cooperation. C. the similarity of the former to the latter. D. the seriousness of the moral integrity.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following commitments does the author feel people need to m