【考研类试卷】考研英语-796及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-796 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the (1) of life at a fundamental level-the gene. The study of genetics has (2) a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it (3) biology and m

2、odern technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize in agriculture and are working feverishly to (4) seeds that give a high yield, that (5) disease, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for (6) chemicals. If such goals could be achieve

3、d, it would be most (7) . But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops.In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain (8) . A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering (9) usually involves taking gene

4、s from one species and inserting them into another (10) to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze (11) from an arctic fish, and inserting it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant.

5、 (12) , then, biotechnology allows humans to (13) the genetic walls that separate species.Like the green revolution, (14) some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity-some say even more (15) geneticists can employ techniques such as cloning and (16) culture, process

6、es that produce perfectly (17) copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new (18) , such as the effect they may have on us and environment. “.We are flying blindly into a new (19) of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, f

7、ew constraints and little idea of the potential (20) ,“ said science writer Jemery Rifkin.（分数：10.00）A.manipulationB.managementC.manufacturerD.maturityA.got along withB.given rise toC.come up withD.lived up toA.broodsB.bleedsC.blendsD.blastsA.hatchB.trainC.duplicateD.patentA.restrictB.resistC.reverse

8、D.retrieveA.hostileB.hydraulicC.hazardousD.harmlessA.beneficialB.disappointingC.surprisingD.extremeA.linesB.limitsC.spaceD.agesA.after allB.on the other handC.in any caseD.as a resultA.to the pointB.in not caseC.in any attemptD.with regardA.qualityB.propertyC.priorityD.quantityA.In essenceB.In partC

9、.In advanceD.In returnA.brakeB.blazeC.breachD.brandA.whatB.asC.whereD.soA.so thatB.becauseC.ifD.whenA.skinB.tissueC.organD.muscleA.resemblingB.likeC.similarD.identicalA.issuesB.heightC.difficultiesD.goalsA.spotB.eraC.deadlineD.schemeA.navigationB.mysteryC.outcomeD.destination二、Section Reading Co(总题数

10、：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The biggest demonstration in a generation is being assembled by mobilizing the power of the web, which allows anti-war groups to rally multitudes at the click of a mouse. Cornish speakers for peace can share ideas by e-mail with Rhodes Schola

11、rs Against the War while taking into account the sensitivities of the Young Muslim Sisters. Footsore ban-the-bomb veterans such as Tony Myers of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, busily preparing yesterday for the mass protest, can only marvel at the power of the net.“Its made a massive differen

12、ce,“ he said. “Back in the 1980s when we were trying to organize huge demos it was all about going to meetings and sending mail to regional people. I was a volunteer before the 1983 demonstration which attracted 400,000 marchers. The office was just awash with people printing things on old duplicato

13、rs. People today feel more like they are part of a big movement. In the 1980s, we would read about demos all over the world a few days later in the newspapers. Now you know all the details in advance if you are on the e-mail list. The Stop the War Coalition needs only a handful of headquarters staff

14、 because the website is a virtual campaign group in itself, complete with briefings, news, addresses and artwork.Childrens superior mastery of the internet is reflected in the proliferation of youth groups opposing war. The Woodcraft Folk (a sort of pacifist version of the Scouts) announce that they

15、 will be bringing an orange parachute on the march. The Engels-Marx Communist Party (slogan “Resist and Revolt“) is a group of pupils at a Leicester comprehensive school opposing the war. The entire country is covered from the Aberdeen Students Against War Society to Torbay Stop the War group.Anti-w

16、ar campaigners put leaflets, maps, posters and petitions on their websites for supporters to print, stick in their window or hand out at the march. Stop the War Coalition includes a direct- debit form which supporters can download and send to their bank manager to make donations.Message boards are f

17、illed with anti-war protesters arguing their case. The issue is being exploited by the British National Party, which has posted a self-serving press release proclaiming support for the march because of their concerns over “the power of the Israeli lobby“. Anti-war individuals have been e-mailing fri

18、ends with songs for the march, one to the tune of If Youre Happy and You Know It. The internet was created in the 1960s partly by the Advanced Research Project Agency of the US Department of Defense. It is widely said to have been created in order to send military messages after an atomic war.（分数：10

19、.00）(1).The example in the first paragraph is used to show the demonstrators _.（分数：2.00）A.share the similar goals with one anotherB.need to compromise with one anotherC.can not really co-operate due to geographic isolationsD.get in touch with one other easily on internet(2).We can know from the pass

20、age that in the 1980s, _.（分数：2.00）A.it was impossible to organize any demonstration of large scale at allB.people at that time did not feel that they were a part of any big movementC.all the people involved in the organizing work were volunteersD.reports about demonstrations can only be read several

21、 days after(3).What is the main idea of paragraph 3 ?（分数：2.00）A.Anti-war movements bring about negative influence to children.B.Children should be forbidden from participating in anti-war movements.C.Children are also important participants, in internet anti-war movements.D.Children can improve thei

22、r computer literacy in anti-war movements.(4).In the authors opinion, the British National Party _.（分数：2.00）A.always supports anti-war movements of any kindB.concerns about the interests of Israeli groupsC.cares about its own interests when supporting the marchD.has done a lot of research in the fil

23、ed of internet anti-war movement(5).Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Protesters Use Intenet as Weapon to Stop a WarB.Civil War on the IntenetC.Internet Prevents Anti-War MovementD.A Call for Intenet War against Terrorism五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A mandatory trace

24、ability system in the United States would help improve the safety of food, such as produce, a health official told lawmakers on Wednesday, and three weeks after the government declared an end to the worst foodborne outbreak in a decade. In the past, some produce firms, including many in the tomato i

25、ndustry, use voluntary traceability programs but their approaches vary.Lawmakers said a mandatory program was overdue, and would help U.S. regulators improve safety and restore consumer confidence in food following a series of foodborne outbreaks since 2006.“It is the system that is broken,“ said Re

26、p. Rosa DeLauro, chair of the House Appropriations subcommittee on agriculture. “You still do not have mandatory traceability, mandatory performance standards. You are looking for a needle in a haystack.“ Regulators struggled to pinpoint the source of an outbreak of Salmonella St. Paul earlier this

27、year that sickened more than 1,400 people and put 286 in the hospital. They initially focused on tomatoes before shifting their attention to peppers. The slow pace of the investigation, which later traced the Salmonella strain to jalapeno and serrano peppers from Mexico, has renewed calls for greate

28、r monitoring of fresh fruits and vegetables and a national system to track produce.The Bioterrorism Act of 2002 requires produce processors and distributors to keep track of where food goes and where it came from. This does not include restaurants and farms. “We are going clown a road of examining w

29、hat is going to work,“ said David Acheson, the Food and Drug Administrations associate commissioner for food protection. He told the subcommittee a mandatory program “would have an impact.“ Acheson said FDA does not believe it has explicit authority to mandate a tracking system.The Salmonella outbre

30、ak was the latest health scare since 2006. The incidents, involving lettuce, peanut butter, pot pies and spinach, have resulted in dozens of hearings and proposals seeking tougher U.S. safety standards. The latest proposal, which DeLauro plans to introduce next week, would create a separate safety a

31、gency within the Department of Health and Human Services to handle all food safety issues currently administered by FDA In a briefing on food issues, the Grocery Manufacturers Association, which includes leading companies such as General Mills Inc and ConAgra Foods Inc, expressed doubt that food saf

32、ety legislation would be passed this year.Prospects dim further next year with a new administration pursuing its own agenda and congress dealing with other issues including health care and transportation. “This may be our only window for some period of time to actually enact these important reforms,

33、“ said Scott Faber, a vice president at the Grocery Manufacturers. An estimated 76 million people in the United States get sick every year with foodborne illness and 5,000 die, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “mandatory“ most probably means _.（

34、分数：2.00）A.compulsoryB.voluntaryC.recommendableD.improved(2).What do the lawmakers think about the mandatory program mentioned?（分数：2.00）A.It is too late.B.It is too early.C.It is of no use.D.It is complicated.(3).The example of an outbreak of Salmonella St. Paul is used to _.（分数：2.00）A.show how serio

35、us a public sanitary crisis can haveB.exemplify how the public investigations often shift their attentionsC.blame the slow pace of the investigationD.highlight the urgency of a national tracking system(4).What does David Acheson think about the mandatory program?（分数：2.00）A.He has some doubts about w

36、hether it will have an impact.B.He thinks that restaurants and farms should also be included in the program.C.He thinks that PDA may not have the necessary administrative power.D.He worries that different apartments may compete with one another for authority.(5).What is the latest proposal mentioned

37、 in the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.To give more severe punishment to those responsible for health scares.B.To create a new agency to handle food safety issues.C.To grant more administrative power to Food and Drug Administration.D.To keep a closer eye on the leading companies.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)I

38、f men are from Mars and women are from Venus, it may explain at least one of their shared beliefs: Men and women cant be real friends. Many may point to the jealousy that plagues many rational people when a significant other befriends someone of the opposite sex. Boil it down to the inherent differe

39、nces between the sexes. It just cant be done. Is it right?Wrong, say relationship experts. “The belief that men and women cant be friends comes from another era in which women were at home and men were in the workplace, and the only way they could get together was for romance,“ explains Linda Sapadi

40、n, Ph. D, a psychologist in private practice in Valley Stream, New York. “Now they work together and have sports interests together and socialize together.“ This cultural shift is encouraging psychologists, sociologists and communications experts to put forth a new message: though it may be tricky,

41、men and women can successfully become close friends. Whats more, there are good reasons for them to do so.Society has long singled out romance as the prototypical male-female relationship because it spawns babies and keeps the life cycle going; cross-sex friendship, as researchers call it, has been

42、either ignored or trivialized. We have rules for how to act in romantic relationships (flirt, date, get married, have kids) and even same-sex friendships (boys relate by doing activities together, girls by talking and sharing). But there are so few platonic male-female friendships on display in our

43、culture that were at a loss even to define these relationships.A certain 1989 film starring Meg Ryan and Billy Crystal convinced a nation of moviegoers that romance always comes between men and women, making true friendship impossible. “When Harry Met Sally set the potential for male-female friendsh

44、ip back about 25 years,“ says Michael Monsour, Ph. D., assistant professor of communications at the University of Colorado at Denver and author of Women and Men as Friends: Relationships across the Life Span in the 21st Century. “Almost every time you see a male-female friendship, it winds up turnin

45、g into romance.“In 1989, Don OMeara, Ph. D., a sociology professor at the University of Cincinnati-Raymond Walters College, published a landmark study in the journal Sex Roles on the top impediments to cross-sex friendship. Among several challenges he pointed out in his research, society may not be

46、entirely ready for friendships between men and women that have no sexual subtext. People with close friends of the opposite sex are often barraged with nudging, winking and skepticism: “Are you really just friends?“ This is especially true, says OMeara, of older adults, who grew up when men and wome

47、n were off-limits to each other until marriage.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the word “befriends“ (Line 3, Para. 1 ) most probably mean?（分数：2.00）A.Stop being friends with.B.Go on a date with.C.Become friends with.D.Have a fancy or particular liking or desire for.(2).What do some relationship experts think

48、 about male-female friendships?（分数：2.00）A.They can only be friends in the workplace.B.Their friendships would finally turn into romances.C.It is totally possible that friendships exist between males and females.D.Men and women cant be real friends.(3).According to paragraph 3, why is it difficult fo

49、r men and women to become “just“ friends?（分数：2.00）A.Historically, it has been difficult to define this kind of relationship.B.It is not as common as same-sex friendships.C.Men and women have different rules to act in a relationship.D.There havent been enough rules and examples for cross-sex relationship.(4).What is the main idea of paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.The difficulties of cross-sex friendship stem partly from the media.B.Movie and television have set different rules for men and women to interact.C.Television has not helped to promote cross-sex fri