【考研类试卷】考研英语-901及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-901 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The accident drew renewed attention to the popular but (1) A320. It was the first plane Airbus designed using highly computerized systems that are (2) to curb pilot error and allow crews to land (3) autopilot. Now (4) all Airbus

2、 planesfrom the A320 to the jumbo A340operate on a “ fly by wire“ system, which uses electrical impulses (5) cables and pulleys to move the control (6) on the planes wings. (7) into the planes software also is a protective “envelope“ that limits (8) steeply a pilot can climb, dive or band the aircra

3、ft.Still, Airbus has a relatively good safety (9) with A320. Last weeks crash was the seventh accidentthe fifth resulting in (10) involving A320 since its (11) in 1987. But some of those accidents have raised the question of whether the aircrafts computer system may be too complicated. Several of th

4、e crashes resulted from pilots making errors in (12) the planes computerized control or (13) devices. In one (14) 1992 crash near Strassbourg airport, French investigators concluded that an Air Inter plane flew (15) a mountain several miles (16) the runway because the pilots had incorrectly (17) the

5、 planes descent rate into the computer. The cockpit voice recorder showed that up till the moment of (18) , the pilots had no idea of their mistake. (19) , investigators say, such incidents indicate that Airbus may need to add or (20) warning devices that tell the pilots when they are dangerously cl

6、ose to the ground.（分数：10.00）A.controversialB.disputedC.flawedD.defectedA.suggestedB.creditedC.supposedD.proclaimedA.onB.withC.atD.byA.invariablyB.particularlyC.virtuallyD.especiallyA.apart fromB.as well asC.more thanD.instead ofA.leversB.panelsC.pistonsD.boardsA.ComposedB.CombinedC.MadeD.BuiltA.when

7、B.howC.whereD.ifA.backgroundsB.traditionsC.recordsD.resumesA.collapsesB.damagesC.breakdownsD.fatalitiesA.launchB.commenceC.manufactureD.constructionA.regulatingB.schedulingC.programmingD.sequencingA.directionB.aviationC.orientationD.navigationA.notoriousB.eminentC.prevalentD.previousA.atB.intoC.agai

8、nstD.ontoA.high aboveB.close toC.far fromD.short ofA.registeredB.typedC.enteredD.keyedA.influenceB.impactC.effectD.affectA.At the very leastB.In the last analysisC.From every aspectD.Of all peopleA.assembleB.organizeC.elevateD.upgrade二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1

9、(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The United States is the United Nations biggest deadbeat. Conservatives in Congress, led by Senator Jessie Helms, stopped Washington from paying its dues until the UN reduced its assessment and made other changes. Now, thanks to the hard work of Richard Holbrooke, Americas UN represe

10、ntative, and his staff, the UN has agreed to trim the U. S. share of financial burdens for the UN general budget and for peacekeeping. Mr. Helms, who has praised the deal, should release the dues he has been holding hostage $582 million of the $1.3 billion the UN says it is owed.The new formula woul

11、d reduce the U. S. contribution to the general UN budget to 22% from the current level of 25%a symbolic difference of only $34 million a year. Washington, which has been paying just over 30% of the peacekeeping budget, would now pay 27%a difference of $80 million to $120 million a yearand that perce

12、ntage will drop further. While poor countries would not pay more, the dues of other wealthy nations would rise under the new system.The agreement would probably not have been reached without the intervention of the media magnate Ted Turner, who is already contributing $1 billion to UN programs over

13、10 years. Mr. Turner gave $34 million to cover the one-year gap during which other nations prepare to raise their contributions. His offer should embarrass Congress, which forced diplomats to waste their influence at the UN in months of negotiations to save a sum that is modest by federal budget sta

14、ndards.U. S. debts reduced the UNs ability to reimburse nations that contributed peacekeepers to UN missions worldwide. Pakistan, Bangladesh, Jordan and other poor countries essentially made up for the absence of U. S. financial support. Since Washington benefits from peacekeepers, who damp down con

15、flicts without U. S. troops, it should not be discouraging nations from sending them.Washingtons natural allies at the UN were concerned that the U. S. wanted influence without meeting its treaty obligations. Some of them withheld support for U. S. proposals. Mr. Helms should also end his hold on an

16、 additional $244 million in back dues, whose release he has conditioned on a reduction in U. S. dues for specialized UN agencies such as Unicef and the UN refugee organization. These agencies need full support. A switch by Mr. Helms would help the incoming Bush administration, which would reap the b

17、enefits of the restoration of Americas full influence at the United Nations.（分数：10.00）(1).Senator Jessie Helms stopped the U. S. government from paying its dues to the UN because he wants _.（分数：2.00）A.other countries to pay as much as the U. S.B.Washington to make assessments and changesC.the UNs ge

18、neral budget to be trimmedD.the U. S. to share a smaller part of the burden(2).The new formula has adjusted the assessment and will save the U. S. government at least _ a year.（分数：2.00）A.$114 millionB.$154 millionC.$200 millionD.$234 million(3).After the budget reassessment, the gap left by the U. S

19、. will be covered by _.（分数：2.00）A.Ted TurnerB.peacekeeping countriesC.all member nationsD.other wealthy nations(4).The author believes that Richard Holbrookes negotiations at the UN were _.（分数：2.00）A.a money-saving successB.an eye-catching embarrassmentC.a waste of U. S. influenceD.a defence of U. S

20、. interest(5).From the passage, we can infer that _.（分数：2.00）A.the U. S. contribution to the UN has become a huge burden to WashingtonB.the new formula has not solved all problems concerning the U. S. duesC.the dispute over the U. S. dues has been deliberately made politicalD.Ted Turners interventio

21、n saved the U. S. a diplomatic disaster五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)For more than four centuries, to be Swedish was to be Lutheran (路德教派的). Every newborn there was automatically registered as a member of the Church of Sweden, the official Lutheran denomination. The marriage between church and state was s

22、o strong that it took an act of Parliament to change the prayer book, and bishops were chosen by members of the Cabinet.But Sweden, like the rest of Western Europe, has been transformed by a wave of immigration. The Stockholm phone book is still full of Larsons and Ericssons, but there are also list

23、ings now for folks named al-Ghusan, Ng, and Singh. Many of these newcomers have brought along their own religion. To the Swedes, with their unbending commitment to egalitarianism, it no longer seemed fair to give official favour to one faith over the others.The Swedish government made a huge leap of

24、 faith last New Years Day, which was to disestablish the Church of Sweden and to pull the plug on public subsidies and government control over a faith that maintains a church in virtually every city and hamlet throughout this peninsula.A year later, the church leaders say that the separation they fe

25、ared has been a blessing. “I think we all see a stronger sense of commitment now,“ says Pastor David Olson. “People realize its up to them to maintain our churches, no the government. “That is not to say many people show up in their churches on Sunday mornings. “It is a secular society,“ shrugged Mr

26、. Olson, who routinely preaches before three dozen people in an imposing old church that seats 900. “People dont go to mass. They dont even know how to go. They call me up and say, Do I need to reserve a seat for Sunday morning? “Still the church has traditionally played a key role in Swedish life.

27、“People go at the special timesChristmas, Easter, and baptisms, weddings, funerals,“ notes the Reverend Christina Berglund. “The Church of Sweden is rooted in peoples consciousness. They feel an attachment to the church building itself in their home town. “One of the major concerns about the disesta

28、blishment was how to maintain the churches now that tax revenue will no longer pay for their upkeep. To solve this problem, the government has agreed to continue collecting the annual payment that always went to Church of Sweden. But now the “church tax“ will be voluntary, an optional check-off box

29、on the tax return form. And the government will allocate the money to Roman Catholic, Muslim, Jewish, and other faiths as well as the Lutherans.（分数：10.00）(1).What changes have taken place in the Church of Sweden?（分数：2.00）A.It has made a stronger link with the government.B.It has received official fa

30、vour over other faiths.C.It has dissolved into a non-religious institution.D.It has become one of several faiths in the country.(2).The Swedes religious commitment becomes stronger in that they _.（分数：2.00）A.have the church in their heartB.have good priests like Mr. OlsonC.inherited big, old churches

31、D.go to church on Sundays(3).The telephone book of Stockhohn shows that _.（分数：2.00）A.the Swedish society is becoming more multi-culturalB.Swedens population has been outnumbered by immigrationC.newcomers came with their own religious beliefsD.foreigners benefit from Swedens commitment to equality(4)

32、.What is shown by the example of people calling Mr. Olson up to reserve a seat?（分数：2.00）A.The society is religious.B.People know little about church service.C.The church has become commercialized.D.People are enthusiastic about church.(5).The “church tax“ which once financially supported the Church

33、of Sweden _.（分数：2.00）A.is now paid by everyoneB.is still collected but used differentlyC.is now controlled by the governmentD.still goes to Church of Sweden六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A growing number of intercity commuters are turning to rail from air. They take the Eurostar train, which runs hourly ci

34、ty center-to-city center from London to Paris or Brussels, with check-in 20 minutes before departure or just 10 minutes for first-class passengers.Eurostar Group cun-ently holds 60% of the Paris-London market, with 92% of Eurostar trains arriving on time24 percentage points better than aircraft time

35、s.High-speed trains, which travel at 200 to 300 kilometers an hour, have cut trip times between Madrid and Seville to two hours and 15 minutes from six hours, and between Rome and Florence to one hour and 35 minutes from three hours.On short journeys, rail clearly beats air travel for market share.

36、High-speed rail wins 80% to 90% of market share of a route if the journey is under two hours, and 50% to 60% if travel takes two to three hours.Some airlines, such as Air France, have opted to cooperate and not compete with rail on shorter routes. As of March 25, Thalys, a joint venture of the Frenc

37、h, Belgian, Dutch and German railroads, will replace Air Frances flights between Paris and Brussels with rail transport. Lutihansa AG said it would begin rail links between the Stuttgart rail station and Frankfurt airport as of March1 in a pilot project with Deutsche Bahn AG, Germanys state-owned ra

38、ilroad.Simon McNamara, manager of infrastructure and environment for the European Regions Airline Association, which represents 82 regional airlines, complains that air and rail cannot compete fairly unless rail subsidies stop.On average, state support represented 38% of subsidized rail companies in

39、come in 1997.“Railways subsidies put them at a huge competitive advantage,“ Mr. McNamara said. “It just isnta level playing field. “But not everything is fast on high-speed rail. Travelers complain about tardy service in the dining cars, that cabins are shabby and there is not enough room. “ The Eur

40、ostar was really cramped. We had to sit with our legs wrapped around each other,“ said Clive France, director of Internetics Co. , an Internet design company. “The trains decor looked tired, dated and the carpet was filthy. “Catering and decor aside, the ease and speed of Europes high-speed trains s

41、till looks likely to convert more passengers to rail in the future. Eventually, the various national high-speed networks will link up, leaving Europe with a rapid, significantly more efficient system across the whole continent.（分数：10.00）(1).The rail is winning customers over from the air because tra

42、ins _.（分数：2.00）A.run right into the city centerB.do not have departure waitC.have now speed and convenienceD.arrives on time while planes do not(2).In Simon McNamaras view, the rails success is really due to _.（分数：2.00）A.government supportB.comfortable facilitiesC.shorter distanceD.better competitiv

43、eness(3).“It just isnt a level playing field“ in Paragraph 7 probably means that the rail is _.（分数：2.00）A.not operating in the same marketB.playing a dirty game on the airC.using a different means of transportD.enjoying unequal privileges(4).Facing the challenge from the rail, air lines have chosen

44、to _.（分数：2.00）A.lie down and surrenderB.cooperate and complainC.improve its own serviceD.merge with the rail(5).The author of the passage looks forward to _.（分数：2.00）A.further development in Europes railwayB.more fierce competition from the airC.better service on railway trainsD.more efficient manag

45、ement of the rail七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)If in this season of annual achievement awards there were one for the biggest New Years bang and sorriest year-ending whimper, the winner would be Britains entrant, the Millennium Dome (千 年圆顶).No country built more ambitious millennial projects and talked the

46、m up with more hucksterism than Britain, and the centerpiece was the $1.2 billion Dome, located on the meridian that gave the name to Greenwich Mean Time and gave Prime Minister Tony Blair the opportunity to proclaim Britain in 2000 as the “ home of time“ His closest political associate and first di

47、rector of the project, Peter Mandelson, said, “Other countries will be kicking themselves that they did not have the imagination to go ahead as we did. “That the project had to dump its English director and two English chairmen and turn to a new chief executive who not only learned his trade at Disn

48、eyland Paris but also was a Frenchman is an indication of just how much a triumph of British ingenuity the project ended up not being.Actually the trouble with the Dome began on opening night. Thousands of the invitees got stuck on the new subway line that had been built to speed people from central

49、 London out to Greenwich, and others who managed to arrive could not get past security to see the show. Fatally for the Dome, among the barred and detoured were the editors of some of Britains biggest newspapers.If opening night gave the vengeance-bent media a shovel, the hapless Dome operators supplied the dirt, and the piles of bad publicity mounted.Some attractions had lines that were intolerably long, others had no lines because they were deemed so uninspiring. Ticket and