【考研类试卷】考研英语-984及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-984 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A few years ago, Facebook was forced to retreat from a new service called Beacon. It tracked what the social networks users were doing elsewhere on the webwhich caused a huge (1) because Of the loss of personal privacy. (2) , Fa

2、cebook promised to make (3) efforts to better protect peoples information.But (4) the firm has not been trying very hard. On November 29th Americas Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (5) the results of an investigation it had conducted of Facebook. They showed that the worlds biggest social network, whi

3、ch now (6) more than 800 million users, has been making information public that it had (7) to keep private.The FTCs findings come at a(n) (8) time for Facebook, which is preparing for an initial public offering (IPO) that is almost (9) to take place next year. Some recent reports have (10) that the

4、firm may seek a listing as early as next spring, and that it will try to (11) a whopping $10 billion in an IPO that would (12) it at $100 billion. To (13) the way for an offering, Facebook (14) needs to resolve some of the regulatory tussles over privacy that it has become embroiled in.(15) the FTCs

5、 announcement, which came as part of a settlement struck between the commission and Facebook. The FTCs investigation (16) a litany of instances in which the social network had (17) its users. In what is perhaps the most damning of the findings, the agency documents that Facebook has been (18) people

6、s personal information with advertisersa practice its senior executives have (19) sworn it does not indulge in. The FTC also says that the firm failed to make photos and videos on deactivated and deleted user accounts (20) after promising to do so.（分数：10.00）(1).A. panic B. fuss C. indifference D. mi

7、rth（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. At the meantime B. At times C. At a time D. At the time（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. strenuous B. intensive C. legitimate D. minute（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. turbulently B. exclusively C. apparently D. unfortunately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. manifested B. clarified C. released D. reno

8、unced（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. boasts B. claims C. manipulates D. exaggerates（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. confirmed B. denied C. appealed D. pledged（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. sensitive B. essential C. beneficial D. confidential（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. certain B. due C. inclined D. reluctant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10

9、).A. conjured B. prospected C. speculated D. approved（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. raise B. increase C. collect D. boom（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. consume B. evaluate C. apportion D. value（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. lead B. set C. clear D. cut（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. badly B. consequently C. evidently D. absol

10、utely（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. In a word B. All in all C. After all D. Hence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. predicted B. apprehended C. reproached D. highlighted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. suspected B. deceived C. induced D. recompensed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. sharing B. inflaming C. furnishing D. purchasing（分

11、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. reluctantly B. readily C. repeatedly D. intermittently（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. inaccessible B. accessible C. unsustainable D. indispensable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Teach for America (TFA) was founded by

12、Wendy Kopp in 1990. It is a non-profit organization that. recruits top-notch graduates from elite institutions and gets them to teach for two years in struggling state schools in poor areas.I had thought the programme was about getting more high-quality teachersbut that, it appears, is a secondary b

13、enefit. “This is about enlisting the energy of our countrys future leaders in its long-term educational needs, and eliminating inequity,“ Wendy explains. Its great if “corps members“, as TFA calls its active teachers, stay in the classroomand many do, and rise quickly through the ranks.But the “alum

14、s“, as she calls those who have finished their two-year teaching, who dont stay in schools, often go on to lead in other fields, meaning that increasing numbers of influential people in all walks of life learn that it is possible to teach successfully in low-income communities, and just what it take

15、s. “It means you realise that we can solve this problem. “As she continues to talk I realise that TFA isin the best possible sensea cult. It has its own language (“corps members“, “alums“), recruits are instilled (“We tell them that it can be done, that we know of hundreds, thousands, of teachers at

16、taining tremendous success“), go through an ordeal (“Everyone hits the wall in week three in the classroom“), emerge transformed by privileged knowledge (“Once you know what we knowthat kids in poor urban areas can excelyou can accomplish different things“) and can never leave (alumni form a growing

17、 and influential, network). I have not seen the same zeal when talking to those on the equivalent programme in England, Teach First, in which the missionary-style language imported from America had to be toned down, because it just didnt suit the restrained English style. But could that fervour be

18、necessary for its success?Chester, an alum, takes me to visit three TFA corps members at a middle school in the Bronx. They are impressive young people, and their zeal is evident. Two intend to stay in teaching; both want to open charter schools. One, a Hispanic woman, is working out with a friend h

19、ow to educate migrant Hispanic labourers in Texas; the other would like to open a “green“ charter, but in the meantime he has accepted a job with the KIPP charter group in Newark, New Jersey.All three are tired. Their classrooms are not much like the rest of the school where they work, and their her

20、oic efforts are only supported by Chester and each other, not by their co-workers. “The first year was unbelievably bad,“ one tells me. “So many years with low expectations meant a lot of resistance from the kids. Eventually they saw the. power and the growth they were capable of. /（分数：10.00）(1).The

21、 primary goal of TFA is _.A. to get more high-quality teachersB. to help struggling state schools in poor areasC. to attract the future leaders to educationD. to improve the low-income communities（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is true about TFAs “corps members“ and “alums“?A. The corps

22、members stay in schools after finishing their two-year teaching.B. The alums dont stay in schools after finishing their two-year teaching.C. A corps member will be an alum after finishing the two-year teaching.D. A corps member becomes an alum if he or she has quitted halfway.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Wh

23、at does the author think of the Teach First programme in England?A. It lacks the same fervour that TFA has.B. It doesnt suit the British English style.C. It is imported from the USA.D. It is not successful in the UK.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).TFA teachers _.A. are all impressive young people B. are tired

24、and unhappy in their workC. get much resistance from the kids D. expect high of their students（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author is most likely _.A. a graduate from elite institutions B. an education correspondentC. a TFA teacher D. a Teach Firster（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Nine months af

25、ter the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the worlds economic crisis is still usually discussed as though it consisted of dire bank balance-sheets, falling exports and bankruptcies or job losses in the West. But at the other end of the trail that starts with financial woes in rich countries are underweig

26、ht children and anaemic expectant mothers in poor ones. New research by the United Nations standing committee on nutrition gives a first estimate of how the crisis has hurt the group of people most affected by the crash: the very poorest.In 19902007, the number of hungry people rose by about 80 mill

27、ion, though this was, by and large, a period of rising incomes in developing countries. In 2008 alone, the number rose a further 40 million, to 963 millionhalf as much in one year as during the previous 17. In other words, lots more children and pregnant women are not getting the food they need. The

28、 report reckons that the number of underweight children will rise from 121 million to 125 million by 2010, assuming no change in the size of the world economy (in fact, it is expected to shrink 2% this year). The World Bank has already estimated that until 2015 the crisis will lead to between 200,00

29、0 and 400,000 more children dying every year.The poorest face two crises: the world recession and the resumption of food price rises. Food prices had been falling but even then, the global price fall did not translate into a comparable decline on local markets in most poor countries, so the poor did

30、 not benefit much. World prices bottomed out in December 2008 and have since risen 26%. In the poorest countries, a rise of 50% in the price of staples pushes up the family food budget from 50% to 60% of household income.Initially, people skimp on non-staple foods, cutting the quality and diversity

31、of their intake; in the next stage, the quantity and safety of diets suffer. That in turn damages their health. Currently, around 50 million, or 40%, of pregnant women in developing countries are anaemic. Anaemia in expectant mothers, which causes low birth weight and unhealthier babies, is likely t

32、o rise by a further 1.2 million in Asia and 700,000 in Africa.To make matters worse, this is happening at a time when the global slump is causing job losses or wage squeezes everywhereworldwide unemployment rose to 6% in 2008so in some poor countries, it now takes an extra ten hours a week or more t

33、o feed a family of five.The resulting burden falls heavily on women. As the report says starkly: “Women are usually the last to benefit from increasing income but they are usually the first to make sacrifices when the financial situation deteriorates. /（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first two paragr

34、aphs, _.A. the rich countries are the main victims of the economic crisisB. people are less likely to associate worlds economic downturn with the poorestC. the income in the developing countries has been increasing in recent yearsD. the size of the world economy will be unchanged by 2010（分数：2.00）A.B

35、C.D.(2).Which of the following is true about the food price?A. It falls with the global economic recession.B. It had been dropping but has rebounded now.C. It is decisive to the food shortage in poor countries.D. It determines the family budget.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).To cut the food budget, people be

36、gin to _.A. eat less regardless of health B. try to lose weightC. choose cheaper food D. work an extra ten hours（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).By saying “they are usually the first to make sacrifices“ (Line 2, Para. 6), the author means _.A. women are more susceptible to financial conditionsB. women are willi

37、ng to sacrifice their lives for their familyC. women are usually the first victims of anaemia.D. women tend to suffer more in bad economic situations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is the best title for this text?A. The Trail of Disaster B. The Economic CrisisC. The Hungry People D. Worl

38、d Recession and Job Losses（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At 18, Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune sys

39、tem (the “bubble-boy disease“, named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent), she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source, in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Although he

40、r last .gene-therapy treatment was in 1992, she is completely healthy with normal immune function, according to one of the doctors who treated her, W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing m

41、utant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. “There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease, “ Anderson says, “within 50 years. “Its not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Andersons early success. The National Institutes of

42、Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005, and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that dont cause human disease. “The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse,“ says Ronald Crystal of New Y

43、ork Presbyterian/Weill Comell Medical College. “The cargo is the gene.“At the University of Pennsylvanias Abramson Cancer Center, immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Comell University, researchers are pursuing gene-ba

44、sed therapies for Parkinsons disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys childrens brain cells. At Stanford University and the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotti

45、ng drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow, things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment, patients show a response at first, but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it

46、 suffered in 1999, when Jesse Gelsinger, an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder, died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking

47、 an edge. This summer, researchers at the Sulk Institute in San Diego said they had created a “marathon mouse“ by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already, officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of “gene doping“. But the principle is the sa

48、me, whether youre trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk. “Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea,“ says Crystal. “And eventually its going to work“.（分数：10.00）(1).The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to _.A. show

49、the promise of gene-therapyB. give an example of modem treatment for fatal diseasesC. introduce the achievement of Anderson and his teamD. explain how gene-based treatment works（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Andersons early success has _.A. greatly speeded the development of medicineB. brought no immediate progress in the research of gene-therapyC. promised a cure to every diseaseD. made him a national hero（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is true according to the text?A. Ashanthi needs to receive gene-therapy